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E-grāmata: 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Reconstruction and Restoration: Insights and Assessment after 5 Years

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This book covers the restoration and reconstruction process and activities undertaken in Japan in the first five years since the 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami a period widely considered to be the most intensive reconstruction phase within the 10-year restoration plan drawn up by the Japanese Government.





The respective chapters explore technical, scientific, social and non-scientific (policy-related) aspects, including: reconstruction and restoration policies, infrastructure and designs for tsunami coastal defence, resilient urban areas and affected communities, housing and relocation schemes, disaster mitigation and evacuation measures, reactivation of the economy, revitalization of fisheries and coastal agriculture, and industry and tourism. The book also illustrates some of the achievements and failures in a broad range of projects and initiatives intended to address the above-mentioned issues, making it particularly relevant for experts, decision makers, students and other interested scholars.
Part I Planning, Policy and Governance
1 Complexities and Difficulties Behind the Implementation of Reconstruction Plans After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of March 2011
3(18)
Yasuaki Onoda
Haruka Tsukuda
Sachi Suzuki
2 The Problems of Plan-Making: Reconstruction Plans After the Great East Japan Earthquake
21(16)
Fukuo Akimoto
3 Building Back a Better Tohoku After the March 2011 Tsunami: Contradicting Evidence
37(18)
Shingo Nagamatsu
4 Creating Urban Resilience Using Spatial Planning: The Case of Miyako City During the First Five Years After the Great East Japan Earthquake
55(12)
Nadine Magdefrau
5 Lessons Learned in Disaster Debris Management of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
67(24)
Terri R. Norton
Part II Societal and Community Recovery
6 Revisiting Tohoku's 5-Year Recovery: Community Rebuilding Policies, Programs and Implementation
91(22)
Kanako Iuchi
Robert Olshansky
7 Enhancing Community Resilience Through Capacity Development After GEJE: The Case of Sendaishi-chiiki Bousai Leaders (SBLs) in Miyagi Prefecture
113(14)
Aiko Sakurai
Takeshi Sato
8 Community Design in the Recovery Following the March 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami
127(12)
Hideki Koizumi
Mariko Tsuji
9 Healthy Community Resilient Against Disaster
139(16)
Shinichi Egawa
Aya Murakami
Hiroyuki Sasaki
Part III Urban Planning, Housing and Development
10 Planning Challenges for Housing and Built Environment Recovery After the Great East Japan Earthquake: Collaborative Planning and Management Go Beyond Government-Driven Redevelopment Projects
155(16)
Tamiyo Kondo
11 Housing and Reconstruction over the Five Years After the 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
171(12)
Yoshimitsu Shiozaki
12 Changes in Land Use After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Related Issues of Urban Form
183(22)
Michio Ubaura
13 Housing Recovery and Displacement from Fukushima: Five Years Post-Nuclear Meltdown
205(24)
Elizabeth Maly
Part IV The Environment: Research, Damage and Recovery
14 Restoration Measures After the 2011 Tohoku-oki Tsunami and Their Impact on Tsunami Research
229(20)
Catherine Chague-Goff
Kazuhisa Goto
Daisuke Sugawara
Yuichi Nishimura
Takeshi Komai
15 Impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake on the Seaweed (Eisenia bicyclis) Habitat at Oshika Peninsula, Miyagi, Japan
249(16)
Hitoshi Tamaki
Daisuke Muraoka
16 Temporal and Spatial Changes in a Coastal Ecotone in Shizugawa Bay, Sanriku Coast Due to the Impacts of the Tsunami on 11 March 2011 and the Following Artificial Impacts
265(14)
Teruhisa Komatsu
Shuji Sasa
Masahiro Hamana
Shingo Sakamoto
Minami Asada
Genki Terauchi
Ryou Tsujimoto
Tetsuo Yanagi
17 Reconstruction and Restoration After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami; Tohoku Ecosystem-Associated Marine Sciences (TEAMS) Project Activities
279(12)
Akihiro Kijima
Kazuhiro Kogure
Hiroshi Kitazato
Katsunori Fujikura
18 The Coastal Environment and the Reconstruction Process After the Great East Japan Earthquake: A Few Notes
291(50)
Vicente Santiago-Fandifio
Erick Mas
Part V Farming and Restoration
19 Impact of the 2011 Tohoku-oki Earthquake Tsunami on Cultivated Soil in Miyagi Prefecture, Northeastern Japan: An Overview
341(14)
Hitoshi Kanno
20 The Regional Structure and Farming Resumption in a Tsunami-Affected Community: The Case Studies of Otomo and Hirota Districts in Rikuzentakata City: Iwate Prefecture
355(14)
Toshihiro Hattori
Natsuki Shimizu
Akemi Saito
21 Tohoku University Rapeseed Project for Restoring Tsunami-Salt-Damaged Farmland: Was the Wisdom of Agricultural Science Utilized for the Restoration?
369(18)
Yutaka Nakai
T. Nishio
H. Kitashiba
M. Nanzyo
M. Saito
T. Ito
M. Omura
Y. Kanayama
Part VI Coastal Engineering, Structures and Hazards
22 The Yamamoto Coast Over Five Years; The Reconstruction of an Embankment with Tsunami-Induced Embayment
387(18)
Vo Cong Hoang
Hitoshi Tanaka
Yuta Mitobe
Keiko Udo
Akira Mano
23 Challenges in Reconstruction and Strategies for Prevention and Mitigation of Coastal Disasters Five Years After the GEJE
405(18)
Yoshimitsu Tajima
24 Formation of Breaking Bores in Fukushima Prefecture Coastline Due to the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami: A Comprehensive Study Five Years After
423(12)
Shinji Sato
Ohkuma Shohei
25 The Role of Tsunami Engineering in Building Resilient Communities and Issues to Be Improved After the GEJE
435(16)
Fumihiko Imamura
Anawat Suppasri
Shosuke Sato
Kei Yamashita
Part VII Coastal Modelling and Hazards Prediction
26 Evolution of Numerical Modeling as a Tool for Predicting Tsunami-Induced Morphological Changes in Coastal Areas: A Review Since the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake
451(18)
Daisuke Sugawara
27 Recent Process in Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis (PTHA) for Mega Thrust Subduction Earthquakes
469
Nobuhito Mori
Katsuichiro Goda
Daniel Cox
Kanako Iuchi joined International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, in 2013 as an associate professor. Her areas of expertise include disaster management planning, urban and regional planning, and community development in international settings. Prior to joining IRIDeS, she worked as an Urban Specialist in the World Bank and an international development planner and researcher with bi- and multi-lateral organizations; national, regional, and local governments; and communities in more than ten countries across East and South Asia, South America, and Eastern Europe. She holds a BS from Tsukuba University, an MRP from Cornell University, and a PhD from University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, in urban and regional planning. Her primary research interest is on understanding a better planning tools and procedures for resettlement after disasters, and is currently exploring the theme in different settings including Japan, Indonesia, Philippines and the US.  Norio Maki is professor at Kyoto University in Japan and holds various degrees in Engineering including a PhD. He is currently working at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute of this institution. Before becoming a full time Professor in 2014 he worked at various key positions including Team Leader at the Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Research Center of the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention and Senior Researcher at the Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Research Center, RIKEN both in Japan. Prof. Maki has been a Member of the Committee of National Land Use Planning, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transportation, and Tourism in Japan, and nowadays he is an active Member of the Tsunami Research Committee (MEXT, Japan) and an Emergency Management Advisor in Kyoto Prefecture. He has published a number of scientific papers and managed research projects on disaster prevention topics. Prof. Makis main interests are Long Term Recovery From Disaster, Multi-hazard Strategic Disaster Reduction Planning, and Information Sharing for Disaster Response. Vicente Santiago worked in the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) for over 23 years. Initially as Deputy Coordinator of the Environmental Training Network for Latin America and the Caribbean (Mexico), then as Deputy Coordinator of the Regional Programme on Integrated Planning and Institutional Development for the Wider Caribbean Region (Jamaica), and finally as Water Officer at the International Environmental Technology Centre located in Japan.  He has carried out projects and activities in various countries in the Caribbean region, Middle East, Africa, Asia and North and South America, as well as in Europe collaborating with governments, institutions and NGOs.  His areas of expertise include integrated coastal zone management, integrated river and lakes management,water quality and wetlands, and lately natural hazards in coastal areas mainly earthquakes and tsunamis. He has published a number of technical reports, environmental training materials, scientific and technical papers as well as edited a number of books. He received his Bachelor degree as a Biologist at the National University of Mexico (UNAM), Master in Science degree in Marine Biology at the University College North Wales; Bangor (Wales, UK), and Ph.D. in Environmental Chemial Engineering (Applied Sciences) at Exeter University (England, UK) initiating his professional career as lecturer at the Metropolitan University of Mexico (UAM).  At present he is an Invited Researcher at the International Lake Environment Committee Foundation (ILEC) in Japan and also works as a freelance consultant.



Shinji Sato graduated from the Graduate School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo in 1983. He worked as a research associate at Civil Engineering Department and received Dr. Eng. degree in 1987. He then moved to Yokohama National University and worked as an associate professor until 1994. He moved to Public Works Research Institute, Ministry of Construction and worked for the Coast Division until 1999. He then moved to the University of Tokyo and was appointed to a professor in 2000. His major is coastal engineering, especially sediment movement and beach evolution. His research topics include nearshore processes, large-scale long-term coastal evolution, infragravity motion, coastal disaster mitigation against storm surge and tsunami, and sustainability of coastal environment. He has done pioneering works on oscillatory boundary layer flow over bedforms, numerical model development of nonlinear dispersive waves, nearshore currents due to waves and winds, and sediment movement in the watershed scale. He was awarded with Excellent Paper Award of Japan Society of Civil Engineers in 1998, Coastal Engineering Journal Award in 2005 and JSCE Excellent Book Publication Award in 2014. He currently serves as a special advisor of ocean policy to the cabinet.