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E-grāmata: 3D Printed Science Projects: Ideas for your classroom, science fair or home

  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-May-2016
  • Izdevniecība: APress
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781484213230
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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-May-2016
  • Izdevniecība: APress
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781484213230
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3D printers are becoming far more common as popularity has increased, prices drop and they become more usable. However, there is a learning curve and so a printer owner, user, parent, teacher, or student usually stall out of projects once they have printed some toys or a few household items. To get beyond this, most people need a "starter set" of objects as a beginning point in their explorations, partially just to see what is possible, to get more proficient, and to learn techniques that can be used for other projects and still have something worthwhile to show for it.

3D Printed Science Projects fills this need with modules (projects) that combine a downloadable 3D printable object file (called an STL file) with instructions for how to use the object (for projects at home or in a classroom) and suggestions on how to create the file on some standard types of 3D printers. STL files are models that can be 3D printed on any 3D printer.

More processing (and often quite a bit of sophisticated knowledge) is required to make an STL actually print on a printer. The objects will be designed to be as easy as possible to print on a wide range of consumer printers. There are websites full of objects to print out there for free, but the quality control is minimal and there is nothing there for the most part that says what to do with them if you are exploring on your own or how to teach with them.    

About the Authors xv
Acknowledgments xvii
Introduction xix
Chapter 1 3D Math Functions 1(16)
Math Modeling for 3D Printing
1(2)
3D Printing
1(1)
Math Background
2(1)
Creating Surfaces Entirely in OpenSCAD
3(6)
Making a Smooth Surface with a Flat Bottom
3(3)
Making a Two-Sided Smoothed Surface
6(2)
Very Simple Model to Make a "Blocky" One-Sided Surface
8(1)
Creating Surfaces from an External Data File
9(5)
Example: Using a Python Program to Generate Data for a Thin Surface
10(3)
Constraints
13(1)
Where to Learn More
14(1)
Teacher Tips
15(1)
Science Fair Project Ideas
15(1)
Summary
15(2)
Chapter 2 Light and Other Waves 17(18)
Physics and Math Background
18(1)
Coordinate System and Conventions
18(1)
Principle of Superposition
19(1)
Some Basic Examples
19(5)
Point Sources and Plane Waves
19(2)
Two Interacting Sources
21(3)
More Complex Examples: Diffraction
24(5)
The Double-Slit Experiment
24(2)
One-Slit Examples
26(3)
Printing Considerations
29(2)
Where to Learn More
31(1)
Teacher Tips
31(1)
Science Fair Project Ideas
32(1)
More Wave Interaction Models
32(1)
Magnetism Explorations
32(1)
Summary
33(2)
Chapter 3 Gravity 35(16)
Universal Gravitation
35(1)
Gravitational Potential Wells
36(4)
Earth-Moon System Model
37(2)
Algol Model
39(1)
Orbits
40(5)
Halley's Comet Orbit Model
42(2)
Inner Solar System Model
44(1)
Printing Tips
45(4)
Where to Learn More
49(1)
Teacher Tips
49(1)
Science Fair Project Ideas
50(1)
Summary
50(1)
Chapter 4 Airfoils 51(26)
How Airfoils Work
52(18)
Flight Forces: Lift, Drag, Gravity, and Thrust
52(2)
Chord, Camber, and Thickness
54(2)
NACA Airfoils
56(7)
Classic Airplanes Using NACA Airfoils
63(1)
Using the 3D-Printed Airfoil Models
64(6)
Measuring Lift
70(3)
Printing Suggestions
73(2)
Where to Learn More
75(1)
Building a Student Wind Tunnel
75(1)
Visualizing Flow
75(1)
Scaling a Model
75(1)
Teacher Tips
76(1)
Science Fair Project Ideas
76(1)
Summary
76(1)
Chapter 5 Simple Machines 77(30)
Physics Background
77(1)
The Machines
78(23)
Inclined Plane and Wedge
78(3)
Lever
81(5)
Screw
86(6)
Wheel, Axle, and Pulley
92(9)
Printing Suggestions
101(1)
Where to Learn More
102(3)
Teacher Tips
105(1)
Science Fair Project Ideas
106(1)
Summary
106(1)
Chapter 6 Plants and Their Ecosystems 107(26)
Botany Background
107(4)
Water
108(1)
Sunlight
109(1)
Nutrients
109(1)
Plant Communities
109(2)
The Mathematics of Plant Growth
111(2)
The Golden Ratio
111(1)
The Golden Angle
112(1)
Fibonacci Sequence
112(1)
Phyllotaxis
112(1)
The Models
113(9)
Desert Plants
114(1)
Tropical Jungle Plants
115(4)
Flowers
119(3)
Printing the Models
122(8)
Plant and Flower Models
122(5)
Jungle Plant Leaf Model
127(1)
Printing Suggestions
128(2)
Where to Learn More
130(1)
Teacher Tips
130(1)
Science Fair Project Ideas
131(1)
Summary
131(2)
Chapter 7 Molecules 133(24)
Chemistry Background
133(3)
Valence Electrons and the Periodic Table
134(1)
Basic Orbital Shapes
135(1)
Carbon Atom Model
136(7)
Printing the Carbon Atom
137(3)
How to Assemble the Carbon Atom Model
140(3)
Water Molecules
143(2)
The Water Molecule Model
143(2)
The Carbon vs. Water Molecule Model
145(1)
Crystals
145(8)
Water Ice
146(6)
Diamond
152(1)
Printing Suggestions
153(1)
Where to Learn More
154(1)
Teacher Tips
155(1)
Science Fair Project Ideas
155(1)
Summary
155(2)
Chapter 8 Trusses 157(22)
Engineering Background
157(3)
Why Triangular Structures?
158(1)
Forces on Planar ("2D") Truss Members
159(1)
The Space (3D) Truss
160(1)
Tensegrity Structures
160(1)
The Models
160(12)
2D Truss Model
161(3)
Tensegrity Structure Model
164(3)
Assembling the 3-Rod Tensegrity Prism
167(5)
Printing These Models
172(4)
Where to Learn More
176(1)
Teacher Tips
176(1)
Science Fair Project Ideas
177(1)
A Few Last Words About Making Things
177(1)
Summary
177(2)
Appendix A: 3D Printing 179(16)
The 3D Printing Process
179(2)
Filament-based 3D Printing
179(1)
File Types
180(1)
OpenSCAD
181(2)
Downloading OpenSCAD
181(1)
Editing the Models
181(1)
Ideosyncracies of OpenSCAD
182(1)
MatterControl
183(10)
Printers MatterControl Supports
183(1)
Downloading and Installing MatterControl
183(1)
Using MatterControl
183(4)
Settings
187(6)
Archives and Repositories
193(2)
Appendix B: Links 195(6)
About the Authors
195(1)
Chapter 1: 3D Math Functions
195(1)
Chapter 2: Light and Other Waves
196(1)
Chapter 3: Gravity
196(1)
Chapter 4: Airfoils
197(1)
Chapter 5: Simple Machines
198(1)
Chapter 6: Plants and Their Ecosystems
198(1)
Chapter 7: Molecules
199(1)
Chapter 8: Trusses
200(1)
Appendix A: 3D Printing
200(1)
Index 201
As an engineer and management consultant, Joan Horvath has coordinated first-of-a-kind interdisciplinary technical and business projects, helping people with no common vocabulary (startups, universities, small towns, etc). work together. Her experience as a systems engineer has spanned software development, spacecraft flight operations, risk management, and spacecraft/ground system test and contingency planning.As an educator, Joans passion is bringing science and technology to the non-specialist in a comprehensible and entertaining way that will stay with the learner for a lifetime. 



Rich Cameron is a co-founder of Pasadena-based Nonscriptum LLC. Nonscriptum consults for educational and scientific users in the areas of 3D printing and maker technologies. Rich (known online as Whosawhatsis) is an experienced open source developer who has been a key member of the RepRap 3D-printer development community for many years. His designs include the original spring/lever extruder mechanism used on many 3D printers, the RepRap Wallace, and the Deezmaker Bukito portable 3D printer. By building and modifying several of the early open source 3D printers to wrestle unprecedented performance out of them, he has become an expert at maximizing the print quality of filament-based printers. When he's not busy making every aspect of his own 3D printers better, from slicing software to firmware and hardware, he likes to share that knowledge and experience online so that he can help make everyone elses printers better too.