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xiii | |
Preface |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xix | |
Introduction |
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xxi | |
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Chapter 1 History of 3D Printing |
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1 | (10) |
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Introduction to 3D Printing |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (2) |
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Commercialization of 3D Printing |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (3) |
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Chapter 2 3D Printing Methods |
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11 | (22) |
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11 | (3) |
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Overview of 3D Printing Process |
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11 | (1) |
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Processing Parameters Relevant to Cardiovascular Printing |
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12 | (2) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (11) |
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Fused Deposition Modeling |
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15 | (3) |
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Selective Laser Sintering |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (5) |
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Chapter 3 Materials for 3D Printing Cardiovascular Devices |
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33 | (28) |
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33 | (18) |
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34 | (1) |
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Commercial Material Systems |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (3) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (2) |
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43 | (3) |
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46 | (5) |
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51 | (1) |
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51 | (10) |
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Chapter 4 Applications of 3D Printing |
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61 | (18) |
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3D Printing for the Consumer Market |
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61 | (3) |
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3D Printing Edibles and the Food Industry |
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64 | (2) |
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66 | (2) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (2) |
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Potential of 3D Printing for Clothing and Accessories |
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71 | (3) |
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72 | (2) |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | (5) |
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Chapter 5 Complex Congenital Heart Disease |
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79 | (24) |
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Alexander R. van Rosendael |
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79 | (1) |
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Cardiovascular Visualization |
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79 | (4) |
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83 | (1) |
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Examples of 3D Printing in Congenital Heart Disease |
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83 | (11) |
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83 | (2) |
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Double Outlet Right Ventricle |
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85 | (1) |
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Transposition of the Great Arteries |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (2) |
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Evaluation for Ventricular Assist Devices |
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91 | (1) |
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Evaluation for Heart Transplantation |
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92 | (2) |
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Use in Resource-Limited Environments |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (2) |
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The Future of Medical 3D Printing |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (5) |
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Chapter 6 Valvular Heart Disease |
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103 | (38) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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Applications in Valvular Heart Disease |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (8) |
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Anatomy of the Aortic Valve |
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107 | (2) |
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109 | (4) |
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113 | (13) |
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Anatomy of the Mitral Valve |
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114 | (3) |
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117 | (9) |
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126 | (3) |
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Anatomy of the Tricuspid Valve |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (2) |
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Development of Personalized Valvular Interventions |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (10) |
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Chapter 7 Simulation of Percutaneous Structura Interventions |
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141 | (12) |
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141 | (1) |
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Simulation of Valvular Interventions |
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142 | (4) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (1) |
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145 | (1) |
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Simulation of Congenital Interventions |
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146 | (1) |
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Simple Congenital Heart Defects |
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146 | (1) |
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Complex Congenital Heart Defects |
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146 | (1) |
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Simulation of Vascular Interventions |
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146 | (1) |
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Simulation of Miscellaneous Percutaneous Interventions |
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147 | (1) |
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Left Atrial Appendage Closure |
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147 | (1) |
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Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy |
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147 | (1) |
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Other Miscellaneous Applications |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (4) |
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Chapter 8 4D Printing of Actuating Cardiac Tissue |
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153 | (10) |
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153 | (6) |
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Temperature-Sensitive Materials |
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154 | (2) |
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Electrical-Sensitive (Conductive) Materials |
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156 | (1) |
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Cell-Traction Force-Sensitive Materials |
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157 | (2) |
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Bioengineering of Actuating Cardiac Tissues |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (2) |
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162 | (1) |
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Chapter 9 Bioprinting Cardiovascular Organs |
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163 | (26) |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (4) |
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165 | (1) |
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Pressure/Extrusion-Based Bioprinting |
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165 | (1) |
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Laser-Assisted Bioprinting |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (2) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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Decellularized Extracellular Matrix |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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Bioprinting Cardiovascular Tissue |
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169 | (11) |
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169 | (1) |
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Aortic Valve Structure and Biomechanics |
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169 | (1) |
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Aortic Valve Constructs: Parameters for Bioprinting |
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170 | (1) |
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Examples of Bioprinting Aortic Valves |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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Bioprinting Vascular Constructs |
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174 | (1) |
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Scaffold-Based Indirect Vessel Bioprinting |
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175 | (1) |
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Scaffold-Based Direct Vessel Bioprinting |
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175 | (1) |
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Scaffold-Free Vessel Bioprinting |
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176 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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Bioprinting of Myocardial Tissue and the Whole Heart |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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Bioprinting Myocardial Constructs |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (9) |
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Chapter 10 Multimaterial Cardiovascular Printing |
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189 | (22) |
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189 | (1) |
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Multimaterial Printing for Education and Communication |
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190 | (4) |
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Multimaterial Printing for Surgical Planning |
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194 | (2) |
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Multimaterial Printing of Valves |
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196 | (3) |
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Multimaterial Printing of Coronaries |
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199 | (2) |
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Multimaterial Printing of Cardiac Tissue |
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201 | (2) |
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Future Perspective of Multimaterial Printing for Cardiovascular Devices |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (6) |
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Chapter 11 Assessing Perfusion Using 3D Bioprinting |
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211 | (16) |
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3D Bioprinting of Perfusable Vascular Networks |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (6) |
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Innovations in Subtractive 3D Bioprinting of Vascularized Tissues |
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214 | (4) |
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Innovations in Additive 3D Bioprinting of Vascularized Tissues |
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218 | (1) |
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Applications in Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine |
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218 | (5) |
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Applications as Medical Research Models |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (2) |
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Chapter 12 Surgical Predictive Planning Using 3D Printing |
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227 | (16) |
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227 | (12) |
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Image Acquisition Modalities |
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229 | (1) |
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Current Applications of 3D Printing |
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230 | (7) |
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Future Developments in 3D Printing for Cardiac Surgery |
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237 | (2) |
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239 | (1) |
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239 | (4) |
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Chapter 13 The Future of 3D Printing in Cardiovascular Disease |
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243 | (12) |
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3D Printing as a Tool for Education and Simulation in Cardiovascular Medicine and Surgery |
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243 | (1) |
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3D Printing Clinical Applications in the Future of Cardiovascular Disease |
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244 | (4) |
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Structural Heart Disease Interventions |
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244 | (2) |
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Electrophysiology Applications |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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Coronary and Systemic Vascular Disease |
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247 | (1) |
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Current Challenges and Future Directions of 3D Printing in Cardiovascular Disease |
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248 | (4) |
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Innovation in Image Acquisition and Post-Acquisition Processing |
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248 | (2) |
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Innovation in 3D Printing Materials |
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250 | (1) |
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Innovation in Bringing 3D Printing to Cardiovascular Clinical Practice |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (3) |
Glossary |
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255 | (6) |
Nomenclature |
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261 | (2) |
Author Index |
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263 | (4) |
Subject Index |
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267 | |