Preface |
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xvii | |
About the Author |
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xix | |
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1 | (3) |
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1 | (2) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (3) |
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Power Relationship in AC Circuits |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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Elements of the AC Power System |
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7 | (9) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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Dielectrics and Insulators |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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Control and Switching Systems |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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Utility AC Power System Architecture |
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16 | (17) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (1) |
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High-Voltage DC Transmission |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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Utility Company Interfacing |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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Application Considerations |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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Delay-Trip Considerations |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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Digital Measurement Techniques |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (5) |
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35 | (4) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (8) |
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40 | (4) |
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44 | (1) |
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Hydroelectric Power Plants |
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45 | (3) |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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49 | (3) |
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52 | (6) |
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On-Site Power Factor Correction |
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53 | (2) |
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55 | (1) |
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Unwanted Resonance Conditions |
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55 | (1) |
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Series Capacitor Compensation |
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56 | (1) |
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Static Compensation Devices |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (3) |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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Circuit Description of Self-Inductance |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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Basic Principles of the Transformer |
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62 | (13) |
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Counter-Electromotive Force |
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68 | (1) |
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Full Load Percent Impedance |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (2) |
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71 | (1) |
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Application Considerations |
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72 | (3) |
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Transformer Failure Modes |
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75 | (4) |
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76 | (1) |
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Life Expectancy and Temperature |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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Mechanical Considerations |
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77 | (1) |
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Dry-Type and Liquid-Filled Transformers |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (2) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (5) |
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Series and Parallel Connections |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (5) |
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86 | (2) |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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Semiconductor Failure Modes |
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93 | (4) |
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93 | (1) |
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Forward Bias Safe Operating Area |
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94 | (1) |
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Reverse Bias Safe Operating Area |
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94 | (1) |
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Power-Handling Capability |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (6) |
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97 | (4) |
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101 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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Application Considerations |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (3) |
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105 | (2) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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Semiconductor Development |
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107 | (4) |
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108 | (3) |
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111 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (3) |
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Rectifier and Filter Circuits |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (9) |
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Operating Rectifiers in Series |
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116 | (1) |
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Operating Rectifiers in Parallel |
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117 | (1) |
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Silicon Avalanche Rectifiers |
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118 | (1) |
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Single-Phase Rectifier Configurations |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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Polyphase Rectifier Circuits |
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122 | (3) |
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Power Supply Filter Circuits |
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125 | (4) |
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125 | (2) |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (2) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (9) |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (3) |
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137 | (2) |
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139 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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Reverse-Conducting Thyristor |
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139 | (1) |
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Asymmetrical Silicon-Controlled Rectifier |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (3) |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (2) |
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Origins of AC Line Disturbances |
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145 | (1) |
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Naturally Occurring Disturbances |
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145 | (12) |
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Sources of Atmospheric Energy |
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145 | (2) |
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Characteristics of Lightning |
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147 | (2) |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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Coupling Transient Energy |
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156 | (1) |
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Equipment-Caused Transient Disturbances |
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157 | (10) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Telephone System Transients |
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159 | (2) |
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Nonlinear Loads and Harmonic Energy |
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161 | (3) |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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Transient-Generated Noise |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (2) |
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Power Disturbance Characterization |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (9) |
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173 | (1) |
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Fundamental Measurement Techniques |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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Average-Response Measurement |
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174 | (1) |
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Peak-Response Measurement |
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174 | (2) |
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176 | (1) |
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Digital Measurement Instruments |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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Reliability Considerations |
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179 | (1) |
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179 | (1) |
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179 | (2) |
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Power System Protection Methods |
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181 | (1) |
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The Key Tolerance Envelope |
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181 | (2) |
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Assessing the Lightning Hazard |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (4) |
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Specifying System-Protection Hardware |
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187 | (2) |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (2) |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (10) |
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Motor Design Considerations |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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Maintenance Considerations |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (2) |
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Kinetic Battery Storage System |
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199 | (2) |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (2) |
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Uninterruptible Power Systems |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (10) |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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Quasi-Square Wave Inverter |
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207 | (2) |
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209 | (1) |
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Pulse-Width Modulation Inverter |
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209 | (1) |
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Phase Modulation Inverter |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (3) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (2) |
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Power Conditioning Devices |
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215 | (1) |
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Ferroresonant Transformer |
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215 | (2) |
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Magnetic-Coupling-Controlled Voltage Regulator |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (5) |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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Variable Voltage Transformer |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (4) |
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Hybrid Transient Suppressor |
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224 | (1) |
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Active Power-Line Conditioner |
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224 | (2) |
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Application Considerations |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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Transient-Suppression Devices |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (1) |
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229 | (1) |
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229 | (9) |
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234 | (3) |
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Hybrid Suppression Circuits |
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237 | (1) |
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Selecting Protection Components |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (2) |
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Facility Wiring and Transient Protection |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | (4) |
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243 | (2) |
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245 | (6) |
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245 | (3) |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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Surge Suppressor Selection |
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249 | (2) |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (2) |
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Circuit-Level Transient Suppression |
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253 | (1) |
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Protecting Low-Voltage Supplies |
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253 | (1) |
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Protecting High-Voltage Supplies |
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253 | (4) |
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257 | (1) |
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Protecting Logic Circuits |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (3) |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (2) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (5) |
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264 | (1) |
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264 | (3) |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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Establishing an Earth Ground |
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268 | (12) |
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268 | (5) |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (3) |
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Bonding Ground-System Elements |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (2) |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (2) |
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283 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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Facility Ground Interconnection |
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284 | (4) |
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285 | (3) |
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288 | (1) |
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Rock-Based Radial Elements |
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288 | (1) |
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Transmission-System Grounding |
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289 | (3) |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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Satellite Antenna Grounding |
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290 | (2) |
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292 | (1) |
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Facility Ground-System Design |
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293 | (1) |
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293 | (10) |
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297 | (2) |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (2) |
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Checklist for Proper Grounding |
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302 | (1) |
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AC System Grounding Practices |
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303 | (11) |
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303 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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Separately Derived Systems |
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305 | (1) |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (3) |
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309 | (2) |
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311 | (1) |
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311 | (2) |
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313 | (1) |
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Grounding Equipment Racks |
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314 | (2) |
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316 | (4) |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (1) |
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318 | (2) |
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320 | (1) |
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321 | (1) |
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Overcoming Ground-System Problems |
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322 | (1) |
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322 | (1) |
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322 | (3) |
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325 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (10) |
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326 | (2) |
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328 | (1) |
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Advanced System Protection |
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329 | (1) |
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329 | (3) |
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332 | (1) |
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333 | (1) |
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Standby Power-System Noise |
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333 | (1) |
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334 | (1) |
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334 | (1) |
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335 | (1) |
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336 | (1) |
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336 | (1) |
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Designing for Fault-Tolerance |
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337 | (1) |
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337 | (4) |
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Power-Distribution Options |
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338 | (2) |
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340 | (1) |
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341 | (3) |
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342 | (1) |
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Ground-System Maintenance |
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342 | (2) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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The Efficient Use of Energy |
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345 | (1) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (2) |
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349 | (1) |
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349 | (2) |
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Safety and Protection Systems |
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351 | (2) |
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Facility Safety Equipment |
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351 | (2) |
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353 | (8) |
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Effects on the Human Body |
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353 | (2) |
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Circuit-Protection Hardware |
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355 | (3) |
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Working with High Voltage |
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358 | (1) |
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358 | (2) |
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360 | (1) |
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Shock No Longer in Progress |
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360 | (1) |
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Polychlorinated Biphenyls |
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361 | (6) |
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361 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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362 | (2) |
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Identifying PCB Components |
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364 | (1) |
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364 | (1) |
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365 | (1) |
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366 | (1) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (4) |
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368 | (1) |
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Identification and Marking |
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368 | (1) |
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368 | (1) |
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368 | (1) |
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Management Responsibility |
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369 | (2) |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (2) |
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Reference Data and Tables |
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Standard Electrical Units |
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373 | (3) |
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374 | (1) |
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375 | (1) |
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376 | (11) |
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376 | (1) |
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377 | (1) |
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Specifications of Standard Copper Wire Sizes |
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378 | (1) |
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Celsius-to-Fahrenheit Conversion Table |
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379 | (1) |
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Inch-to-Millimeter Conversion Table |
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380 | (1) |
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Conversion of Millimeters to Decimal Inches |
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381 | (1) |
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Conversion of Common Fractions to Decimal and Millimeter Units |
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382 | (1) |
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Decimal Equivalent Size of Drill Numbers |
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383 | (1) |
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Decimal Equivalent Size of Drill Letters |
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383 | (1) |
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Conversion Ratios for Length |
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384 | (1) |
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Conversion Ratios for Area |
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384 | (1) |
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Conversion Ratios for Mass |
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385 | (1) |
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Conversion Ratios for Volume |
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385 | (1) |
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Conversion Ratios for Cubic Measure |
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386 | (1) |
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Conversion Ratios for Electrical Quantities |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (16) |
Figure Index |
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403 | (12) |
Table Index |
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415 | (2) |
Index |
|
417 | |