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E-grāmata: Achieving the Rare: Robert F. Christy's Journey in Physics and Beyond [World Scientific e-book]

(California Inst Of Technology, Usa)
  • Formāts: 368 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 31-Jul-2013
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • ISBN-13: 9789814460255
  • World Scientific e-book
  • Cena: 43,62 €*
  • * this price gives unlimited concurrent access for unlimited time
  • Formāts: 368 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 31-Jul-2013
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • ISBN-13: 9789814460255
Astrophysicist I.-J. Christy (California Institute of Technology) traces the life and career of her late husband, Robert F. Christy (1916-2012), a physicist who worked with Robert Oppenheimer in designing the first atomic bomb at the Manhattan Project's Los Alamos branch and became Oppenheimer's successor at Caltech. Like his mentor, he later worked for peaceful uses of atomic energy. The volume includes the patent for the "water boiler" reactor, photographs of Caltech colleagues and family, and excerpts from declassified documents, newspaper articles, and personal letters reflecting a happy marriage. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Robert F Christy was a fascinating physicist who was one of the key players in some of the most dramatic events of the 20th century.He was one of Oppenheimer's students, whom Oppenheimer hailed as “one of the best in the world.” He was a co-creator of the world's first nuclear reactor and the first atom bombs, of which the most practical design was called the “Christy Gadget.” Later, he became a leader in the effort to contain nuclear proliferation, leading up to the SALT talks, and headed a study on long-term health effects of radiation crucial for medical safety standards. He also made pioneering contributions in the field of astrophysics, working on the variable stars (Cepheids) that are key distance indicators in the universe.Robert was equally fascinating as a person. He remarried at nearly 60 to an astrophysicist 26 years younger from some 6,000 miles initial separation. They had two daughters late in his life. Robert stayed active both professionally and physically into his nineties. He would still gallop on his horse at the age of 93.This biography is brought alive not only with words, but also with the many treasured photographs of Robert, his family, and his colleagues.
Preface v
Chapter 1 His Childhood
1(12)
The Origin of Robert's Names
2(1)
The Sinking of the Titanic
3(1)
Marriage of Moise and Hattie (Robert's Parents)
4(2)
Death of Robert's Father
6(1)
Robert's Early Years
7(1)
No More Gambling
8(1)
Death of Robert's Mother
9(1)
Early Interests
9(2)
Academic Successes
11(2)
Chapter 2 The Formative UBC Years
13(7)
Robert's Social Life at UBC
16(1)
Summer Jobs While at UBC
17(1)
Moving On from UBC
18(2)
Chapter 3 Exciting Graduate Years with Oppenheimer
20(15)
Becoming Part of the Birth of Particle Physics
23(1)
Robert's Years at Berkeley in His Own Words
24(11)
Chapter 4 The First Marriage, to Dagmar von Lieven
35(12)
Robert's Parenting of His Sons Ted and Peter
37(2)
Robert's Memories of His Sons
39(4)
Ted and Peter in College and as Adults
43(1)
An Unusually Amicable Divorce
44(3)
Chapter 5 The Very First Nuclear Reactor
47(23)
An Unfulfilling Job Teaching at Illinois Tech in 1941
47(1)
Background: The Discovery of Nuclear Fission in Germany
48(1)
Origin of the German Nuclear Project
49(1)
Origin of the U.S. Nuclear Project
49(1)
The Early British Nuclear Project
50(1)
The Manhattan Project Begins
51(1)
Robert Joins the Project
52(2)
The Creation of the First Nuclear Reactor, Chicago Pile-1
54(6)
Founding of the Hanford Reactors
60(1)
Founding of the Argonne Reactors
60(1)
Robert's Friendship with Fermi
61(1)
The Fizzling of the Nazi Nuclear Project
61(3)
The 1962 White House Reception Commemorating Chicago Pile-1
64(6)
Chapter 6 Designing the First Atomic Bomb
70(52)
Robert's Arrival at Los Alamos in Early 1943
71(1)
Robert's Bosses at Los Alamos: Peierls, Bethe, Oppenheimer, and Groves
72(1)
The Spy Klaus Fuchs
73(1)
Robert's "Instant Fame" from His "Water Boiler" Reactor Calculations
74(1)
The One-Dollar Patents at Los Alamos
75(1)
Understanding Large Explosions such as the Volcano Krakatoa
75(1)
Robert's Work on the Implosion Bomb: the "Christy Gadget"
75(2)
Why the "Christy Gadget" and Not the "Christy Bomb"?
77(1)
The Trinity Test for the Implosion Design
77(2)
First Attempts to Prevent the Actual Use of Atomic Bombs
79(1)
Firebombing vs. Atomic Bombs
80(1)
Groves' Motivation for Dropping the Bombs
81(1)
The Use of the Two Atomic Bombs
82(1)
After the War Had Ended
83(1)
Robert's Memories of His Colleagues at Los Alamos
84(1)
Robert's Memories of Visitors von Neumann and Bohr
85(1)
Recreational Activities at Los Alamos
86(2)
The Patent for the "Water Boiler" Reactor
88(7)
A 1991 Package of Declassified Information on the "Water Boiler" Reactor
95(20)
A Retrospective Article in the Pasadena Star-News
115(7)
Chapter 7 Opposing Nuclear Weapons Proliferation
122(12)
Robert's View of the "Christy gadget"
122(1)
The Association of Los Alamos Scientists
123(1)
The Oppenheimer Trial
123(3)
The Teller Handshake Incident
126(1)
Security Interview of Robert in 1955, Regarding Communism
126(1)
The 1963 Enrico Fermi Award for Oppenheimer
127(1)
Working Towards an Atmospheric Test Ban
128(1)
The Los Angeles Times Gamble
129(3)
Robert Discovers the Cause of Mysterious Communication Failures
132(1)
Robert's Work Towards Initiating the SALT Talks
133(1)
Robert's Opposition to Higher-Tech Weapons in the Vietnam War
133(1)
Chapter 8 Becoming Oppenheimer's Successor at Caltech
134(15)
Working with Fermi in Chicago, and Co-Habiting with Teller
134(1)
Leaving for Caltech
135(1)
Early Life at Caltech
136(1)
Large Numbers of Graduate Students
137(2)
Robert's Cosmic Ray Work
139(1)
The1 Growing Mistakes Paper
140(1)
Discovery of Which Nuclear Reactions Actually Power the Sun
141(1)
Lee DuBridge and Bob Bacher
141(1)
Luring Feynman to Caltech
142(3)
The Vista Project at Caltech: the Defense of Western Europe
145(3)
Robert's Work as a Consultant
148(1)
Chapter 9 Contributions to Physics at Caltech
149(9)
The Necktie Story of R. F. Christy
152(3)
The Orion Spacecraft Project
155(3)
Chapter 10 Pioneering Work in Astrophysics: Variable Stars
158(11)
Robert's First Sabbatical --- with Oppenheimer at Princeton
158(1)
Back at Caltech: Diving into Astrophysics
159(2)
Election to the National Academy of Sciences and the Eddington Medal
161(2)
Starting to Travel, Late in Life
163(2)
A Brief Second Sabbatical, at Cambridge in England
165(1)
Robert's Last Stellar Pulsation Meeting: Santa Fe in 2009
166(3)
Chapter 11 As Provost: Achieving His Dreams for Caltech
169(25)
Executive Officer for Physics and Chairman of the Faculty
170(1)
Vice President and Provost
170(6)
Broadening Caltech's Focus: Humanities and Economics
176(1)
Bringing Caltech Back into the Black Financially
177(7)
New Young Faculty and Productive Older Faculty
184(1)
The Jenijoy La Belle Court Case
184(1)
Classified Research at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
185(1)
Opposing the Strategic Defense Initiative ("Star Wars")
186(1)
Student Unrest at Caltech
187(1)
The First Women Undergraduate Students
188(1)
Women Faculty at Caltech, and Elimination of Caltech's Nepotism Rule
189(1)
At Nixon's "Western White House"
190(2)
Advising on Science in Israel and Egypt
192(1)
Hazards Associated with Nuclear Energy
192(2)
Chapter 12 The Second Marriage, to I.-Juliana Sackmann
194(42)
Background of Inge-Juliana Sackmann
194(3)
Hearing the Christy Name for the First Time
197(1)
A Brief Encounter with "Robert Christy
198(1)
Engagement to Peter Biermann for a Year
199(1)
A Second Encounter with Robert Christy
200(2)
A Romance Begins
202(3)
A Difficult Struggle --- 6,000 Miles and 26 Years Apart
205(11)
Robert's Visit to Me in Europe: Christmas 1970
216(2)
Juliana Visits Pasadena, and Takes a Two-Year Position There
218(3)
Robert's Issues: Together But Not Together
221(1)
Figuring Out What Was Best for Him
222(1)
A Verbal Marriage Contract
223(3)
A Happy Marriage
226(10)
Chapter 13 Daughters Late in Life
236(18)
Skiing, Horses, Gymnastics, Tennis, and Polo
240(4)
Travels Near and Far
244(4)
The Daughters' Professions
248(2)
Illustrations of the Equestrian Accomplishments of Robert's Daughters
250(4)
Chapter 14 Interim President of Caltech
254(34)
Removing a Road that Divided Caltech
256(2)
Preservation of Caltech's Architecture and Gardens
258(1)
New Buildings for Caltech
259(1)
Juliana as Caltech's First Lady
260(8)
The Keck Telescope
268(2)
Caltech's Oriental Rugs and Other Art Treasures
270(1)
Cutting Administrative Expenses, and a New Source of Funds
271(1)
Offers of Presidencies from Other Universities
272(1)
Juliana's Choice
273(1)
The Actor in the Acting President
273(1)
A Trip to Red China
274(3)
The Goldberger Presidency
277(2)
The Trustees' Reaction to Robert's Departure from Administration
279(9)
Chapter 15 Later Years --- Teaching and Research
288(13)
Robert's Titled Professorship
289(1)
Robert's Retirement from Teaching
289(6)
Robert's "Retirement" Dinner: Still Amazingly Young at Age 70
295(1)
Inertial-Confinement Fusion
296(2)
A Consultant for the History He Had Witnessed
298(3)
Chapter 16 Radiation Dosimetry in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
301(9)
History and Purpose of the Project
301(3)
Robert Joins the Project
304(1)
The Break-Up of the U.S.-Japan Collaboration
304(2)
Robert's Description of the Project
306(4)
Chapter 17 The Spring Valley Ranch: Fulfilling a Dream
310(9)
Chapter 18 Robert's Health --- Struggles and Successes
319(15)
Vision Problems
319(1)
Loss of a Kidney
320(3)
Intestinal Surgery for Adhesions
323(1)
A Sudden Loss of Vision... and a Recovery
324(2)
His Last Year
326(3)
Robert in His Mid-90's: Planning to Write Scientific Papers
329(1)
Passing On
330(3)
Robert's Final Resting Place
333(1)
Chapter 19 An Innate Grace
334
The Essence of the Man
334(3)
Robert's Philosophy on Publications
337(1)
Graciousness with Finances
337(2)
With Colleagues and Family
339