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E-grāmata: Achieving Successful and Sustainable Project Delivery in Africa: How to Implement Effective and Efficient Project Management Practices and Policies

  • Formāts: 274 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 05-May-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Productivity Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000056099
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  • Formāts: 274 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 05-May-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Productivity Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000056099

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This book by a multidisciplinary project management consultant, contributes to the body of knowledge that each African country can attain and sustain economic development by suggesting how to eliminate and correct most causes of failures of projects in construction, water treatment, electricity and renewable energy.



African nations have an underdeveloped industrial and economic base such as their water supply, electrical systems, roads, railways, etc. Massive funding is required to build each of these basic services to the levels of developed nations – funding which they do not have. Many African companies rely on assistance from the government and global companies looking to invest or facilitate projects in the region. And for a variety of reasons, many of these projects fail to fulfil the needs of the nation. In order to facilitate their own economic development, African nations need to cultivate efficient project management practices and policies that will help them achieve their goal of sustainability.

This book by a multidisciplinary project management consultant, contributes to the body of knowledge that each African country can attain and sustain economic development by suggesting how to eliminate and correct most causes of failures of projects in construction, water treatment, electricity and renewable energy. It suggests that they should also be able to obtain the sustainable harvesting of the benefits of project deliverables which have been planned for in order to implement the various aspects of their economic development. The suggestions in this book will make a difference in project delivery and are comprehensive enough to create a root-and-branch change which will affect the people involved in making decision on projects and their delivery. Thus, project management teams and their managers, organization decision makers, companies looking to invest in the region, and politicians who plan the economy have to understand the causes of unhelpful practices and what needs to be done in order to produce productive and effective delivery of long-term sustainable project.

The principal goal of this book is to advise public and private companies, and international organizations conducting projects in Africa on how to prepare themselves, their businesses and enterprises to solve the problems that cause failure of projects and abandonment of project deliverables. The book also recommends the necessity for a commercial enterprise or government entity to prepare and develop its vision, mission, and strategic objects to constitute the basis of a business plan which should be implemented for successful operations. After first identifying various failed and abandoned projects in Nigeria, Ghana and South Africa, the author provides an analysis of why these projects failed or were abandoned. By using methodologies of Organizational Project Management (OPM), Project Portfolio Management (PPM) and project management techniques, he suggests a framework for project delivery which could be used as a foundational structure and platform that will address the problem and provide solutions for the achievement of successful and sustainable project delivery in Africa.

Preface xv
Foreword xvii
Acknowledgements xix
About the Author xxi
1 Introduction
1(10)
Definition of Terms: Project Failure and Abandonment, Successful and Sustainable Project Delivery
2(1)
Main Objective of the Book
3(5)
References
8(3)
SECTION 1 SOME FAILED PROJECTS AND PROJECT DELIVERABLES
2 Examples of Failed Projects in Nigeria
11(1)
Failed Nigerian Steel Industry
11(1)
Initial Promising Start
11(1)
Causes of Failure
12(1)
Disagreement over Privatisation
12(1)
Reasons for the Privatisation
13(8)
Poor Return on Investment, Gross Inefficiency, and Source of Major Financial Drain on the Economy
13(1)
Zero Productivity with Regular Payments on Full Salaries
14(1)
Abandoned and Still to Be Reactivated Scientific Projects
15(6)
Why Was the Centre Not Completed?
21(2)
Going Forward: Road Map
23(1)
Observations and Comments
24(1)
Nigeria Is the Largest Importer of Petrol Because of Non-Functional Refineries
24(1)
Comments
25(1)
Little or No Accountability and "White Elephant Projects"
25(1)
Questionable and "White Elephant" Projects in Nigeria and Other African Countries
26(1)
Causes of Failure
27(1)
Failure to Plan for Sustainability of Projects and Project Deliverables
27(1)
Personal Experience: Failure of Delta Steel Company
27(1)
Absence of Project Management Office: International Practice for National Project Management and Sustainability
28(1)
Going Forward
29(1)
Necessity for a Nigerian National Project Management Office
29(1)
Questions
29(1)
References
30(1)
3 Examples of Failed Projects in Ghana
31(6)
Failure of the Ghana-STX Building Project: A $10 Billion Housing Project
31(4)
Questions
35(1)
References
36(1)
4 Examples of Failed Projects in South Africa
37(10)
Poor Planning and Implementation: Poor Project Management
37(1)
Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality Metro Buses: A Failed but Not Abandoned Project
38(1)
Failure in the Telecommunications Industry in South Africa
39(1)
Microsoft's Digital Villages in South Africa
40(2)
Comments
42(1)
Questions
42(1)
References
43(4)
SECTION 2 FAILURES IN SOME INDUSTRIES
5 Failures in Construction Industry
47(4)
Questions
49(1)
References
50(1)
6 Failures in Water (Borehole) Projects
51(8)
Money "Wasted" on Water Projects in Africa
54(1)
New Operations Strategy
55(2)
Success of Boreholes in Ghana Government Support Scheme
57(1)
Comments
57(1)
Questions
57(1)
References
57(2)
7 Failures in the Electricity Industry
59(6)
Poor Power Supply Causes Poor Economic Growth
61(2)
Questions
63(1)
References
63(2)
8 Renewable Energy Projects: Failure and Successes
65(22)
Problem of Low Investments in Africa
66(1)
Lack of Access to, and Grossly Inadequate Reliable Grid Supply in Nigeria
66(1)
Grossly Deficient and Lack of Electricity Supply Extends the Cycle of Poverty
67(1)
Nigeria's Solar Projects: A Mixture of Failures and Successes
68(1)
An Example of a Failed Renewable Energy Project in Nigeria
68(1)
Cause of Failure: Poor and Inadequate Maintenance
69(1)
Causes of Failure of Renewable Energy Projects in Nigeria
70(1)
Successful Renewable Energy Project in Nigeria
71(1)
A Bright Spot in Jigawa
71(1)
Going Forward
72(1)
Comments and "Turning of the Tide" in the Renewable Energy Industry
73(1)
Why Should There Be a Section on Successes in a Book That Discusses Failed Projects?
73(1)
Successful Developments in the Solar Power
74(1)
Successful Streetlights in Lagos, 2016
74(1)
Lagos State and UK Department for International Development (UK DFID)
74(1)
Building the Market for Solar Power in Nigeria
75(1)
The Programme Approach
75(3)
Progress and Improvement in Education as Solar Power Provides Affordable Energy for Classrooms, IT Lessons and Much More
78(1)
Maintenance Arrangement of Deliverables
79(1)
Observations and Comments
80(1)
Renewable Energy in Other African Countries
80(1)
World Bank Funding: Solar Power in Kenya
80(1)
Local Solar Vendors and Distributors
81(1)
Mobile Pay-Go Solar Energy in Zambia Aims at 850,000 Homes
82(1)
Ghana's Renewable Energy Project of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind Power Minigrids
82(1)
Questions
83(1)
References
83(4)
SECTION 3 DEFINITION OF PROBLEMS, REVIEW AND SUGGESTIONS FOR SOLUTIONS
9 Lack of Resources, Poor Planning and Poor Project Management
87(8)
Questions
92(1)
References
93(2)
10 Problems of Corruption, Zero Productivity and Poor Return on Investment
95(8)
Summary
101(1)
Questions
102(1)
11 Failed Governance, Majorly Contributory to Failed Projects in Africa
103(18)
Dissolution of the Nigeria Steel Development Authority (NSDA)
108(1)
Lack of Continuity and Consistency in Successive Government Policies
108(2)
Problem of Accountability
110(5)
Way Forward
115(1)
Questions
116(1)
References
116(5)
SECTION 4 A FRAMEWORK FOR SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF PROJECTS, PROGRAMMES, AND PORTFOLIOS USING OPM, PPM LIFECYCLE & PMO
12 A Suggested Framework
121(24)
Description of the Components of the Framework
121(22)
Questions
143(1)
References
143(2)
13 Project Portfolio Management (PPM)
145(20)
An Introduction to Project Portfolio Management
145(1)
Functions and Necessity
146(1)
The PPM Philosophy
147(1)
Implementation of Project Portfolio Management
148(4)
Describing and Developing the Phases
150(1)
Gate or Phase 1 Classification, Evaluation and Selection
150(1)
Necessity for Evaluation and Selection
150(1)
Gate or Phase 2 Management and Monitoring
151(1)
Gate or Phase 3 Business Plan and Budgeting
151(1)
Gate or Phase 4 Project Implementation
151(1)
Monitoring and Control
152(1)
Flexibility, Continuity and Key Performance Index
152(1)
Other Applications of KPIs in PPM
152(1)
Using BSC to Implement Corporate Strategy Using PPM
153(1)
PPM Governance
153(5)
Tips for Achieving Good Governance
155(1)
Design of PPM Governance System
156(1)
Other Features of PPM Governance System
157(1)
PPM Governance and Portfolio Management
158(1)
Governance Implications within the PMO
158(1)
Governance at the Programme and Project Level
158(2)
Management of Corporate Benefits in PPM Implementation, Challenges and Maintenance of PPM Implementation: Suggested Checklist of Key Components Required for Successful Project Portfolio Management
160(1)
A Suggested Checklist of Key Components Required for Successful Project Portfolio Management
161(2)
Questions
163(1)
References
163(2)
14 Programme Management
165(10)
Programme Goals and Objectives
166(1)
Programme Roadmap
167(1)
Managing Successful Programmes
168(3)
A Specific Work Success Story
171(2)
Questions
173(1)
References
173(2)
15 Project Management Life Cycle
175(12)
The Process Groups
176(1)
Initiating Process Group
176(1)
Activities of the Initiating Process Group
176(1)
Develop Project Charter
177(1)
Develop Preliminary Project Scope Statement
178(1)
Planning Process Group
179(3)
Develop Project Management Plan
179(1)
Scope Planning
179(1)
Scope Definition
180(1)
Create Work Breakdown Structure
180(1)
Activity Definition
180(1)
Activity Sequencing
180(1)
Activity Resource Estimating
181(1)
Activity Duration Estimating
181(1)
Schedule Development
181(1)
Cost Estimating
181(1)
Cost Budgeting
181(1)
Quality Planning
181(1)
Human Resources Planning
182(1)
Communication Planning
182(1)
Risk Planning
182(1)
Plan Purchases and Acquisitions
182(1)
Plan Contracting
182(1)
Project Execution Process Group
182(3)
Monitoring and Controlling Process Group
184(1)
Integrated Change Control Process
184(1)
Close Project Process
185(1)
Administrative Closure
186(1)
Contract Closure
186(1)
Questions
186(1)
16 Transitioning from Project to Operations and Maintenance
187(8)
Questions
190(1)
Reference
191(4)
SECTION 5 SUMMARY OF SUGGESTIONS FOR THE ACHIEVEMENT OF SUCCESS AND SUSTAINABILITY IN PROJECT DELIVERY
17 Contributions of the Book for the Achievement of Success and Sustainability in Project Delivery
195(6)
Tabular Guideline for the Use of the Recommended Framework
197(4)
APPENDICES
Appendix 1 National Project Management Office (NPMO)
201(4)
Appendix 2 Definitions and Explanations for Frequently Used Project Management Words for Busy Executives and Managers in Developing Countries
205(4)
Appendix 3 KPI-BSC Link
209(4)
Appendix 4 Enterprise Project Management Office (EPMO)
213(4)
Appendix 5 Tips for PPM Success
217(4)
Appendix 6 Programme Benefits Management
221(12)
Appendix 7 Key Performance Index (KPI)
233(2)
Appendix 8 Balanced Scorecard (BSC)
235(2)
Appendix 9 Enterprise Risk Management
237(6)
Index 243
Dr. Okoro Chima Okereke