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ix | |
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xiii | |
Abbreviations |
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xv | |
Acknowledgements |
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xvii | |
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1 | (6) |
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7 | (28) |
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Pragmatics --- The broad picture |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (3) |
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8 | (2) |
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Pragmatic competence --- A working definition |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (3) |
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Speech acts --- From philosophy to linguistics |
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11 | (2) |
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The speech act in empirical research |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (6) |
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Conversational-maxim view |
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15 | (2) |
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17 | (3) |
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Conversational-contract view |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (3) |
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Discourse analysis --- The hypernym |
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21 | (1) |
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An integrative model of discourse |
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21 | (2) |
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Pragmatics across cultures |
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23 | (12) |
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23 | (1) |
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Cross-cultural pragmatics |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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Universality vs. culture-specificity |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (2) |
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Pragmatic failure at the cultural crossroads |
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28 | (1) |
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Developmental research in interlanguage pragmatics |
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29 | (6) |
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Acquisitional issues in learner pragmatics |
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35 | (44) |
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Interlanguage --- A componential characterisation |
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35 | (8) |
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36 | (4) |
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Pragmatic overgeneralisation |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (2) |
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Questions of development in learner pragmatics |
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43 | (12) |
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Theoretical approaches to L2 pragmatic acquisition |
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44 | (1) |
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Grammatical competence --- A prerequisite? |
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45 | (3) |
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The road to L2 pragmatic competence |
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48 | (7) |
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External factors --- Input |
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55 | (18) |
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56 | (1) |
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Input and learning context |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (13) |
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Pragmatic input in a second language context |
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70 | (3) |
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73 | (6) |
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How rude can you get? --- Culture shock in L2-land |
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73 | (2) |
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The L2 pragmatic norm --- An appropriate option? |
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75 | (4) |
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79 | (76) |
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79 | (37) |
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80 | (3) |
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Production questionnaires |
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83 | (20) |
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Pre- and post-year abroad questionnaires |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (6) |
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110 | (6) |
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116 | (5) |
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116 | (4) |
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Native speaker informants |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (9) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (4) |
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127 | (3) |
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130 | (25) |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (5) |
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136 | (4) |
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140 | (13) |
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Procedures of data analysis |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (82) |
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155 | (12) |
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167 | (32) |
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167 | (7) |
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Cases of partial equivalence |
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174 | (1) |
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Differences of semantic content |
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174 | (8) |
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Differences of illocutionary potential |
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182 | (4) |
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Differences in situations of use |
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186 | (7) |
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Pragmatic routines --- Concluding discussion |
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193 | (6) |
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199 | (38) |
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199 | (1) |
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Syntactic downgrading levels |
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199 | (7) |
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Syntactic downgrader complexity |
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206 | (8) |
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Lexical & phrasal downgraders |
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214 | (1) |
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Lexical & phrasal downgrading levels |
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215 | (4) |
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Lexical & phrasal downgrading types |
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219 | (18) |
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237 | (30) |
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237 | (14) |
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251 | (3) |
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Practical research implications |
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254 | (10) |
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Directions for future research |
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264 | (3) |
Notes |
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267 | (18) |
References |
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285 | (36) |
Appendix |
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321 | (64) |
Name index |
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385 | (6) |
Subject index |
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391 | |