Active Control of Flexible Structures deals with vibration control for flexible structures which are or may be the subject of a broadband primary vibration field. The authors present a complete rationale for solving the problem, from experimental structural characterization to controller implementation. In reaching this objective the following steps are addressed:
experimental identification of the dynamic model of the structure;
optimal placement of sensors and actuators;
formulation of control constraints in terms of controller frequency response shape, based on specification and characteristics of sensors and actuators;
controller design and simulation; and
controller implementation and rapid prototyping.
The experimental identification procedure is based on a gray-box approach tailored to the estimation of modal parameters of flexible structures. The actuator/sensor placement algorithm maximizes a modal controllability index so as to improve the effectiveness of the control action. Taking into account the physical limitations of sensors and actuators, the controller is chosen as a stable, band-pass MIMO system resulting from the closed-form solution of a robust control problem. The closed-form solution is particularly attractive for large-scale control systems, overcoming possible numerical problems caused by ill-conditioned solutions. Experimental results on an aeronautical stiffened skin panel are presented using rapid-prototyping hardware.
Active Control of Flexible Structures will be of interest to academics and practising engineers working on vibration-reduction problems in aerospace and other transportation environments and to civil engineers concerned with seismic vibration in buildings. Graduate students taking courses in mechanical, aeronautical and control engineering, particularly when involved with smart structures and actuators, will be informed by this book.
Advances in Industrial Control aims to report and encourage the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.
Recenzijas
From the reviews:
Intended for graduate students and practicing engineers, this book treats vibration control for structural systems. It addresses identification of the dynamic model of the structure, placement of sensors and actuators, formulation of control constraints, controller design and simulation, and controller implementation and rapid prototyping. The material is based on the authors work on two projects financed by the European Community in the 5th and 6th Framework programs. (IEEE Control Systems Magazine, February, 2012)
| 1 Introduction |
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1 | (6) |
| 2 Modelling of Flexible Structures |
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7 | (22) |
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2.2 Preliminary Definitions |
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2.3 The Boundary Value Problem |
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2.3.2 Uniform Cantilever Beam |
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2.4 Approximate Finite-dimensional Models |
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2.4.1 Damped Elastic Structures |
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2.4.2 Finite-dimensional Systems |
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27 | (1) |
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| 3 Identification of Flexible Structures |
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3.2 Basics of Subspace-based Identification |
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3.2.1 Time Domain Approach |
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32 | (2) |
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3.2.2 Frequency Domain Approach |
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34 | (4) |
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3.3 Identification Problem for a Flexible Structure |
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38 | (2) |
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3.4 Identification Procedure |
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3.4.3 Identification Procedure with Non-colocated Measurements |
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3.5 Application to Experimental Modal Analysis |
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3.6 Illustrative Examples |
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3.6.1 Identification of a Model for Control |
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3.6.2 Identification for Experimental Modal Analysis |
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| 4 Modal Feedback Control of Flexible Structures |
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4.3 Internal Model Control |
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4.4.1 Case Study: State Feedback |
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| 5 Optimal Feedback Control of Flexible Structures |
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5.3 Choice of the Disturbance Matrix |
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5.5 Hinfinity Controller Design |
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5.8 Further Considerations on the H2 Controller |
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5.9 Optimal Scaling Matrix Selection |
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5.9.1 Formulation of the Optimsation Problem |
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5.9.2 Scaling Matrix Selection Example |
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5.10 Selection of Individual Modes |
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5.10.1 Mode Selection and Non-colocated Feedback Example |
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5.10.2 Computing the Gramians |
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| 6 Implementation Issues |
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6.2 Conventional Actuators |
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6.3 Smart Material-based Devices |
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6.3.1 Piezoelectric Ceramics |
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6.3.2 Magnetostrictive Materials |
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6.4 Effects of Hysteresis |
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6.4.1 Hysteresis Modelling |
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6.4.2 Hysteresis Compensation: Methodology |
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6.4.3 Hysteresis Compensation: Experimental Results |
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6.5 A Smart Auxiliary Mass Damper |
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6.5.1 Actuator Description and Modelling |
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6.5.4 Experimental Results of Actuator Control |
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6.7 The dSPACE Platform for Rapid Control Prototyping |
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6.7.3 Software Development Environment |
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| 7 Experimental Results |
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7.2 Identification of the Dynamic Model of the Panel |
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7.3 Active Control of Vibrations with Piezo Actuators |
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7.3.1 Analytically Designed Controllers |
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166 | (2) |
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7.3.2 Numerically Designed Controller Using LMI |
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168 | (8) |
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7.4 Active Vibration Control with a Smart Auxiliary Mass Damper |
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176 | (4) |
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180 | (1) |
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| 8 Conclusions and Future Developments |
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183 | (2) |
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| Appendix Dynamic Model of the Aeronautical Panel |
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| Index |
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Alberto Cavallo was born in Napoli, Italy, on 16th March 1964. In 1989 he obtained the Laurea degree at the Universitą di Napoli Federico II with Laude, discussing the thesis "Robust Stability Analysis for Linear Time-Invariant Systems", and in 1993 he completed his PhD discussing the thesis "A solution to tracking problems via sliding manifolds". Alberto Cavallo is currently Associate Professor both of Advanced Automatic Control and System Identification at the Seconda Universitą di Napoli. His research interests have dealt with many aspects of the theory of automatic control, including robust control techniques with aeronautical and aerospace applications, with parametric uncertainties and H-2 and H-infinity indices, high-order sliding-manifold control, active control of sound and vibration, modelling and control of smart actuators, control of systems with hysteresis, system identification, fuzzy control, modeling and control of water-resource systems and decision-support systems for hydraulic applications. He has published more than 70 journal and conference papers, and is also local team-leader for several national and international research projects connected with aeronautic applications of automatic control.He is the author of the book Using MATLAB, SIMULINK and Control System Toolbox: A Practical Approach (Prentice Hall), and has written more than 50 papers for journals and conference proceedings. Giuseppe De Maria was born in Napoli, Italy, in December 1948. In 1973 he received the Laurea degree in electronic engineering from the Universitą di Napoli. He was Associate Professor of Automatic Control at the University of Napoli Federico II. Since 1992 he has been full Professor of Automatic Control at the Faculty of Engineering of the Seconda Universitą di Napoli. His research interests include robust control, control of mechanical systems, industrial and advanced robotics, control of aerospace and aeronautical systems, and active noise and vibrationcontrol of flexible structures. At present, his research interests are focused on the control of smart materials, in particular piezoceramics and magnetostriction, with the aim of realising artificial muscles. Concerning this field of research he is responsible of national and European research contracts. He is the workpackage leader of the project MESEMA (Magnetostrictive Equipment and Systems for even more electric Aircraft) in the 6thFramework Programme of European Community. Ciro Natale was born in Caserta, Italy, on 12th December 1969. He received the Laurea degree and the Research Doctorate degree in Electronic Engineering from the Universitą di Napoli in 1995 and 2000, respectively. From 2000 to 2004 he has been Research Associate at the Department of Information Engineering of the Seconda Universitą di Napoli, where he currently holds the position of Associate Professor of Automatic Control and Industrial Robotics. From November 1998 to April 1999 he was a Visiting Scholar at the Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics of the German Aerospace Center in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. His research interests include modeling and control of industrial manipulators, force and visual control, cooperative robots. More recently, his activities are focused on modelling and control of flexible structures, active noise and vibration control and modelling, and identification and control of smart materials. He has published more than 50 journal and conference papers and he is author of the book: Interaction Control of Robot Manipulators: Six-degrees-of-freedom Tasks (Springer 2003). Salvatore Pirozzi was born in Napoli, Italy, on 21st April 1977. He received the Laurea and the Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from the Seconda Universitą di Napoli, Aversa, Italy, in 2001 and 2004, respectively. He is currently a Research Associate at the Seconda Universitą di Napoli. His research interests include modelling and control of smart actuators and sensors for advancedfeedback control systems as well as identification and control of vibrating systems.
