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1 | (22) |
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1.1 Origin of Modern Human |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 Human Populations and Population Structure |
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3 | (3) |
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1.3 Human Adaptation to Local Environment |
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6 | (5) |
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1.3.1 Adaptation to High-Latitude Climates |
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8 | (1) |
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1.3.2 Adaptation to High Altitude |
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8 | (1) |
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1.3.3 Adaptation to Shifted Diet |
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9 | (1) |
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1.3.4 Adaptation to Pathogens and Its Impact on Human Genome |
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10 | (1) |
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1.4 Human Population Admixture and Admixture Mapping |
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11 | (3) |
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1.5 Disease-Associated Genes and Genetic Variants |
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14 | (9) |
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17 | (6) |
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2 Distribution of Length of Ancestral Chromosomal Segments in Admixed Genomes |
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23 | (12) |
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2.1 Ancestral Chromosomal Segments in Admixed Genome |
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23 | (1) |
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2.2 Two Classic Admixture Models |
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24 | (1) |
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2.3 Distribution of LACS in HI Model |
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25 | (1) |
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2.4 Distribution of LACS in GA Model |
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26 | (1) |
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2.5 Consistency Between Theoretical and Simulated Distributions |
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27 | (1) |
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2.6 Comparison of Distribution of LACS Between HI and GA Models |
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27 | (4) |
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2.7 Influence of Distribution of LACS on Admixture Mapping |
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31 | (4) |
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32 | (3) |
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3 Exploring Population Admixture Dynamics via Distribution of LACS |
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35 | (18) |
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3.1 Different Admixture Dynamics, Distinct Distribution of LACS |
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35 | (2) |
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3.2 Parental Populations of African Americans |
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37 | (5) |
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3.3 Admixture Dynamics of African Americans |
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42 | (3) |
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3.4 Substructure in African American Admixture |
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45 | (1) |
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3.5 Admixture Dynamics of Mexicans |
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46 | (2) |
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3.6 Genetics Difference Between Mexican Americans and Mestizos |
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48 | (1) |
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3.7 Implication for Future Study |
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49 | (4) |
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50 | (3) |
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4 Genome-Wide Search for Signatures of Natural Selection in African Americans |
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53 | (20) |
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4.1 Potential Natural Selection Events in African Americans |
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53 | (2) |
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4.2 Identification of Genomic Regions with Biased Ancestry |
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55 | (4) |
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4.3 African/European Ancestral Components in African Americans |
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59 | (1) |
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4.4 Identifying Highly Differentiated Regions Between AAF and Indigenous African |
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60 | (4) |
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4.5 Reconstituted African Americans and Its Difference with African Americans |
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64 | (1) |
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4.6 Further Evidences for Positive Selection in African Ancestral Components |
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65 | (2) |
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4.7 Relaxed Natural Selection in African Americans |
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67 | (1) |
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4.8 Disease Susceptibility Genes Enriched Among Signatures of Selection |
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68 | (1) |
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4.9 Implication for the Future Study |
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68 | (5) |
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69 | (4) |
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5 Complex Selective Forces Shaping the Genes Underlying Human Diseases |
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73 | (20) |
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5.1 Genes Underlying Genetic Diseases |
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73 | (2) |
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5.2 Monogenic Disease Genes Are More Likely to Be Involved in Complex Diseases |
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75 | (1) |
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5.3 MC Genes Are Associated with More Diseases and Phenotypes |
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76 | (1) |
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5.4 MC Genes Involved in More Complex Interaction Network Than that of Monogenic or Complex Genes |
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76 | (2) |
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5.5 MC Genes Have the Longest Coding Sequence (CDS) |
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78 | (1) |
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5.6 MC Genes Have the Highest Tissue Specificity |
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79 | (2) |
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5.7 Recent Natural Selection on Different Gene Categories |
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81 | (2) |
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5.8 Relative Evolutionary Rate Changed at Different Timescales |
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83 | (3) |
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5.9 Over-representation Analysis with CNV Regions |
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86 | (1) |
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5.10 Distinct Functional Characteristics of Different Genes Categories |
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87 | (1) |
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5.11 Summary and Genetic Implication |
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88 | (5) |
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89 | (4) |
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93 | (18) |
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6.1 Population Admixture Models |
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93 | (1) |
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6.2 Data Simulation and Comparison with Theoretical LACS Distribution |
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94 | (1) |
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6.3 Simulation of Susceptibility Locus in Admixed Population and Admixture Mapping |
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95 | (1) |
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6.4 Genetic Data of African Americans |
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95 | (2) |
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6.5 Genetic Data of Mexicans |
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97 | (1) |
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6.6 Linkage Disequilibrium Correction and PCA Analysis |
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97 | (1) |
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6.7 Population Genetic Analysis and Inference of Ancestral Chromosomal Segments |
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98 | (1) |
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6.8 Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) |
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99 | (1) |
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6.9 Measurement of the Differences Between Two Distributions |
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99 | (1) |
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6.10 Analysis of African Americans Admixture Dynamics |
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100 | (1) |
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6.11 Admixture Time and Admixture Proportion for Each Individual |
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101 | (1) |
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6.12 Analysis of Mexican Admixture Dynamics |
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101 | (1) |
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6.13 Simulation of African Americans and Its Parental Populations |
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102 | (1) |
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6.14 Function Annotations and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) |
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103 | (1) |
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6.15 Databases for Genes Underlying Monogenic and Complex Diseases |
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103 | (1) |
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6.16 Protein--Protein Interaction Data |
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104 | (1) |
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6.17 Analysis of Gene Expression Pattern |
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104 | (1) |
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6.18 Gene Ontology Annotation Analysis Using DAVID |
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105 | (1) |
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6.19 Structural Annotations and Evolutionary Rates of Human Genes |
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105 | (1) |
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6.20 Human Polymorphism Data Analysis |
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106 | (1) |
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6.21 Statistical Analyses |
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107 | (4) |
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107 | (4) |
Web Resource |
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111 | (2) |
Epilogue |
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113 | |