From the Foreword:
"This series has provided workers in many fields with invaluable reference material and criticism."
--Science Progress
"Should be on the bookshelf of every geophysicist."
--Physics Today
"The entire series should be in the library of every group working in geophysics."
--American Scientist
Recenzijas
"This series has provided workers in many fields with invaluable reference material and criticism." --SCIENCE PROGRESS "Should be on the bookshelf of every geophysicist." --PHYSICS TODAY "The entire series should be in the library of every group working in geophysics." --AMERICAN SCIENTIST
Contributors vii Crust and Upper Mantle Structure in Northern Eurasia from Seismic Data Nina I. Pavlenkova Introduction 1(13) Crustal Structure of the Main Tectonic Units of Northern Eurasia 14(42) East European Platform 17(10) East Siberian Platform (Siberian Craton) 27(4) Young Platforms and Massifs 31(10) Orogens and Tectonic Active Regions 41(15) Crustal Types, Their Relation to Geological Structure, and Rheology of the Crust 56(34) Maps of Crustal Parameters 56(5) Generalized Petrological Model of the Crust 61(7) Crustal Types 68(10) Mechanical Properties of the Crust and the Nature of Seismic Layering 78(7) Generalized Rheological Model of the Crust 85(5) Structure of the Upper Mantle 90(25) Generalized Upper Mantle Model of the East Siberian Platform 91(7) Two-Dimensional Mantle Models for Siberia Platforms 98(5) The Upper Mantle of Europe 103(6) General Properties of the Upper Mantle 109(6) Summary 115(20) References 121(14) Poroelastic Techniques in the Study of Earthquake-Related Hydrologic Phenomena Evelyn Roeloffs Introduction 135(1) Examples of Earthquake-Related Hydrologic Phenomena 136(4) Stress, Strain, Fluid Pressure, and Fluid Mass Content 140(16) Poroelastic Constitutive Relations 140(5) Pore Pressure Buildup in Undrained Compression 145(2) Calculating and Measuring the Poroelastic Constants 147(1) Barometric Response of Confined Aquifers 148(2) Volumetric Strain Response 150(1) Tidal Analysis 150(5) Steplike Coseismic Water Level Changes 155(1) Well-Aquifer Systems 156(7) Wellbore Storage 157(2) Oscillations (``Hydroseismograms) 159(4) Coupled Flow and Deformation 163(3) Governing Equations 163(1) Pore Pressure Changes Due to Strain or Fluid Influx 164(1) Water Table Aquifers and Confined Aquifers 165(1) Dissipation of Undrained Pressure by Flow to the Water Table 166(11) Water Table Drainage as a Function of Frequency 166(2) Hydraulic Diffusivity 168(2) Effect on Well Tides of Flow to the Water Table 170(1) Effect on Barometric Response of Flow to the Water Table 170(5) Water Table Drainage as a Function of Time 175(2) Flow Accompanying Fault Movement 177(7) Water Level Changes Associated with Fault Creep 177(5) Fluid Flow Following Earthquakes 182(1) Unexplained Observations 183(1) Hydrologic Earthquake Precursors 184(4) Summary 188(7) References 189(6) Index 195
Renata Dmowska works in the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University in Cambridge, MA, USA. Barry Saltzman, 1932-2001, was professor of geology and geophysics at Yale University and a pioneer in the theory of weather and climate, in which he made several profound and lasting contributions to knowledge of the atmosphere and climate. Saltzman developed a series of models and theories of how ice sheets, atmospheric winds, ocean currents, carbon dioxide concentration, and other factors work together, causing the climate to oscillate in a 100,000-year cycle. For this and other scientific contributions, he received the 1998 Carl Gustaf Rossby Research Medal, the highest award from the American Meteorological Society. Saltzman was a fellow of the American Meteorological Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science and an honorary member of the Academy of Science of Lisbon. His work in 1962 on thermal convection led to the discovery of chaos theory and the famous "Saltzman-Lorenz attractor."
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