Acknowledgments |
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xiii | |
About the Authors |
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xv | |
Introduction to the Third Edition |
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xvii | |
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1 | (42) |
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Why Should We Focus on Aging and Diversity? |
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3 | (2) |
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What Do We Mean by Diversity? |
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5 | (1) |
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What Elements of Diversity Will We Include in This Book? |
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6 | (2) |
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What Do We Mean by Race or Ethnicity? |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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Other Elements of Diversity |
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9 | (1) |
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Intersections of Elements of Diversity and Aging |
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10 | (3) |
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A Note on Terminology for Diverse Groups |
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13 | (2) |
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Demographics of American Elders |
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15 | (1) |
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What Is the Race or Ethnicity of These Older Adults and Their Proportion in the Population? |
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16 | (5) |
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What Is the Gender Distribution Among Older Adults? |
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21 | (1) |
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What Is the Socioeconomic Status of Older Adults? |
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22 | (2) |
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What Proportion of Older People Live in Rural Settings? |
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24 | (1) |
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How Many Elders Are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender? |
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25 | (4) |
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Changing Nature of Groups |
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29 | (1) |
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Within-Group and Between-Group Differences |
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29 | (1) |
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Acculturation and Immigration |
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29 | (3) |
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What Do We Mean by Mainstream Group? |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (2) |
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39 | (4) |
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43 | (59) |
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Why Focus on Research Methods? |
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45 | (1) |
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How Do We Understand People and Their Behavior? |
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45 | (1) |
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What Disciplines Study Aging? |
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45 | (3) |
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What Disciplines Study Issues of Diversity? |
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48 | (1) |
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Are There Disciplines That Study Both Aging and Diversity? |
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48 | (1) |
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A Brief History of Research on Aging and Diversity |
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49 | (2) |
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Overview of the Research Process |
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51 | (1) |
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How Diversity Can Affect the Research Process |
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52 | (1) |
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Identifying the Research Question or Problem |
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53 | (4) |
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Theory and Conceptual Models |
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57 | (3) |
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60 | (16) |
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How to Improve Research With Elders From Diverse Groups |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (5) |
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Bright Lights for Aging and Diversity Research |
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82 | (1) |
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Community-Based Participatory Research |
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82 | (3) |
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Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (2) |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (4) |
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97 | (5) |
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102 | (59) |
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Attitudes Toward Aging and Older People |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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Attitudes About the Aging Process Across Cultures |
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104 | (9) |
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Older People: Attitudes Toward Elders Across Cultures |
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113 | (8) |
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Discrimination and Ageism |
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121 | (3) |
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124 | (1) |
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Sensory and Perceptual Changes |
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124 | (7) |
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Sensory Changes and Diversity |
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131 | (2) |
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Age-Related Changes in Cognitive Processes |
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133 | (7) |
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140 | (2) |
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Culture, Aging, and Cognition |
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142 | (5) |
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147 | (3) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (3) |
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154 | (7) |
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4 Health Beliefs, Behaviors, and Services |
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161 | (59) |
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Health Beliefs and Behaviors |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (9) |
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How Do Behaviors Influence Health? |
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172 | (4) |
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How Do Elements of Diversity Affect These Health-Related Behaviors? |
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176 | (14) |
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Health Care Services and Diverse Elders |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (7) |
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197 | (10) |
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207 | (3) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (2) |
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214 | (6) |
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220 | (59) |
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What is Health Inequality? |
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220 | (5) |
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Conceptual Model to Explain Social Inequalities in Health |
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225 | (2) |
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Health Inequalities and Age |
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227 | (1) |
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Common Conditions That Affect Older Adults in General |
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228 | (1) |
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229 | (4) |
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233 | (3) |
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Health Inequality in Illness |
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236 | (1) |
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Dementia as a Case Example |
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236 | (5) |
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Socioeconomic Status and Health |
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241 | (3) |
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244 | (1) |
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Race/Ethnicity and Health Inequality |
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245 | (6) |
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Rural Issues in Health and Illness |
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251 | (1) |
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Sexual Orientation and Health Issues |
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252 | (1) |
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Intersections of Diversity and Health Inequality |
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253 | (1) |
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Intersectionality and Immigration |
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254 | (1) |
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Mental Health Inequalities |
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255 | (5) |
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260 | (1) |
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Mortality and Socioeconomic Status |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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Race /Ethnicity and Mortality |
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262 | (2) |
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Intersections Between Elements of Diversity and Mortality |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (2) |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (3) |
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272 | (7) |
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6 Informal and Formal Care for Older Persons |
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279 | (75) |
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280 | (5) |
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Multigenerational Households |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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286 | (5) |
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Informal Caregiving Among Blacks |
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291 | (2) |
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Informal Caregiving Among Hispanics |
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293 | (3) |
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Informal Caregiving Among Asian /Pacific Islanders |
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296 | (2) |
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Informal Caregiving Among Native Americans |
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298 | (4) |
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Informal Caregiving Among People Who Are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender |
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302 | (2) |
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304 | (3) |
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Formal Care: Adult Day Care Services |
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307 | (2) |
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Formal Care: Assisted Living Facilities |
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309 | (3) |
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Formal Care: Nursing Homes |
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312 | (6) |
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Barriers Hindering the Use of Formal Care |
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318 | (4) |
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322 | (1) |
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Culturally Sensitive Care |
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322 | (1) |
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Interventions for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health |
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323 | (3) |
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Technology to Help Older Persons and Their Family Caregivers |
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326 | (8) |
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334 | (3) |
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337 | (1) |
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338 | (2) |
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340 | (4) |
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344 | (10) |
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7 Work, Retirement, and Leisure |
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354 | (79) |
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Gender and Ethnic Differences in the Older Workforce |
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357 | (1) |
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Increase in Labor Force Participation |
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357 | (6) |
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363 | (2) |
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Ethnicity and Labor Force Participation |
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365 | (13) |
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Older Workers in Rural Communities |
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378 | (2) |
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380 | (1) |
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380 | (3) |
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Discrimination Against Individuals With Disabilities |
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383 | (3) |
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Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation |
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386 | (2) |
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388 | (1) |
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Family Responsibilities Discrimination |
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389 | (1) |
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Individual and Job Obsolescence |
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390 | (1) |
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Creating New Opportunities for Work |
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391 | (3) |
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394 | (1) |
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394 | (4) |
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398 | (1) |
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Need for Retirement Planning |
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399 | (2) |
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Retirement Planning Programs |
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401 | (5) |
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406 | (3) |
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409 | (1) |
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410 | (3) |
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413 | (2) |
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415 | (1) |
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415 | (2) |
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417 | (3) |
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420 | (2) |
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422 | (1) |
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423 | (4) |
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427 | (6) |
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8 Religious Affiliation and Spirituality |
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433 | (56) |
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Defining Spirituality and Religion |
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434 | (2) |
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Conceptualization and Measurement of Religiousness and Spirituality |
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436 | (1) |
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436 | (1) |
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437 | (3) |
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Religious Participation Among African Americans |
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440 | (1) |
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Organizational Religious Participation |
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441 | (2) |
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Nonorganizational Religious Involvement |
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443 | (1) |
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Impact of Religion on Mental Health and Well-Being |
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444 | (1) |
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Impact of Religion on Physical Health |
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445 | (4) |
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Religious Participation Among Hispanics |
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449 | (1) |
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Organizational Religious Practices |
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449 | (1) |
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Nonorganizational Religious Practices |
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449 | (1) |
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450 | (1) |
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Impact of Religiousness on Health and Well-Being |
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450 | (1) |
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Religious Participation Among Native Americans |
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451 | (3) |
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Religious Affiliation Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Older Adults |
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454 | (1) |
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Religion in the Lives of Rural Older Adults |
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455 | (3) |
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Religious Traditions Among Asian Americans |
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458 | (1) |
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Islamic or Muslim Tradition |
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459 | (6) |
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465 | (4) |
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469 | (5) |
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474 | (4) |
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478 | (1) |
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479 | (5) |
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484 | (5) |
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9 Death, Dying, and Bereavement |
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489 | (76) |
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U.S. Mainstream Approach to Life and Death |
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492 | (1) |
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Beliefs About Life and Death |
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492 | (3) |
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End-of-Life Care: Hospice and Palliative Care |
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495 | (12) |
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End-of-Life Planning: Advance Care Directives |
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507 | (3) |
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510 | (4) |
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514 | (2) |
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Approaches to Life and Death From Diverse Cultural Groups in the United States |
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516 | (1) |
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516 | (7) |
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523 | (5) |
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American Indians and Alaska Natives |
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528 | (4) |
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532 | (12) |
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End-of-Life Issues for People Who Are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender |
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544 | (6) |
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550 | (2) |
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552 | (2) |
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554 | (2) |
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556 | (3) |
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559 | (6) |
Epilogue |
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565 | (1) |
Bringing It All Together |
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565 | (2) |
Note to Instructors |
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567 | (1) |
Index |
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568 | |