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E-grāmata: Aircraft Systems Integration of Air-Launched Weapons [Wiley Online]

Series edited by (MIT), Series edited by (BAE Systems, UK), Series edited by (University of Liverpool, UK), (BAE Systems Military Air Solutions), Series edited by (Parker Aerospace Group, USA)
  • Formāts: 270 pages
  • Sērija : Aerospace Series
  • Izdošanas datums: 12-Apr-2013
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1118519167
  • ISBN-13: 9781118519165
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Aircraft Systems Integration of Air-Launched WeaponsPalielināt
  • Formāts: 270 pages
  • Sērija : Aerospace Series
  • Izdošanas datums: 12-Apr-2013
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1118519167
  • ISBN-13: 9781118519165
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Wiley Online E-booksMore info about Wiley Online
Rokasgrāmatas mājas lapa: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118519165
This comprehensive treatise is for design and support engineers, air crew, and others working on armed military aircraft. The approach is a systems engineering view of the weapon and the platform, for both manned and unmanned aircraft. The first chapters introduce weapons integration and the integration process. Subsequent coverage includes requirements analysis, armament control systems and global positioning system design issues, weapon initialization and targeting, interface standards and management, "plug and play" weapons integration, and cost reduction, among other topics. Rigby is with BAE Systems, UK. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

From the earliest days of aviation where the pilot would drop simple bombs by hand, to the highly agile, stealthy aircraft of today that can deliver smart ordnance with extreme accuracy, engineers have striven to develop the capability to deliver weapons against targets reliably, safely and with precision.

Aircraft Systems Integration of Air-Launched Weapons introduces the various aspects of weapons integration, primarily from the aircraft systems integration viewpoint, but also considers key parts of the weapon and the desired interactions with the aircraft required for successful target engagement.

Key features:

  • Addresses the broad range of subjects that relate directly to the systems integration of air-launched weapons with aircraft, such as the integration process, system and subsystem architectures, the essential contribution that open, international standards have on improving interoperability and reducing integration costs and timescales
  • Describes the recent history of how industry and bodies such as NATO have driven the need for greater interoperability between weapons and aircraft and worked to reduce the cost and timescales associated with the systems integration of complex air-launched weapons with aircraft
  • Explores future initiatives and technologies relating to the reduction of systems integration costs and timescales

The systems integration of air-launched weapons with aircraft requires a multi-disciplinary set of engineering capabilities. As a typical weapons integration life-cycle spans several years, new engineers have to learn the skills required by on-the-job training and working with experienced weapons integrators. Aircraft Systems Integration of Air-Launched Weapons augments hands-on experience, thereby enabling the development of subject matter expertise more quickly and in a broader context than would be achieved by working through the life-cycle on one specific project. This book also serves as a useful revision source for experienced engineers in the field.

Series Preface xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
List of Abbreviations
xvii
1 Introduction to Weapons Integration
1(16)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2
Chapter Summaries
2(4)
1.2.1 The Systems Integration Process
2(1)
1.2.2 Stores Management System Design
2(1)
1.2.3 The Global Positioning System
3(1)
1.2.4 Weapon Initialisation and Targeting
3(1)
1.2.5 The Role of Standardisation in Weapons Integration
3(1)
1.2.6 Interface Management
4(1)
1.2.7 A Weapons Integration Scenario
4(1)
1.2.8 `Plug and Play' Weapons Integration
5(1)
1.2.9 Weaponised Unmanned Air Systems
5(1)
1.2.10 Reducing the Cost of Weapons Integration
6(1)
1.3 Weapons
6(8)
1.3.1 Types of Weapon
6(1)
1.3.2 Targets
6(1)
1.3.3 Weapon Requirements
7(1)
1.3.4 Lethality
7(1)
1.3.5 Precision
8(2)
1.3.6 Stand-Off Range
10(1)
1.3.7 Typical Weapon Configurations
11(1)
1.3.8 Implications for the Launch Aircraft
11(3)
1.4 Carriage Systems
14(3)
1.4.1 Mechanical Attachments
14(1)
1.4.2 Downward Ejection
14(1)
1.4.3 Forward Firing
15(1)
1.4.4 Multi-weapon Carriage Systems
15(1)
Further Reading
16(1)
2 An Introduction to the Integration Process
17(14)
2.1
Chapter Summary
17(1)
2.2 Introduction
17(1)
2.3 The V-Diagram
18(1)
2.4 Responsibilities
18(2)
2.5 Safety
20(4)
2.6 The Use of Requirements Management Tools in the Systems Engineering Process
24(1)
2.7 Weapons Integration Requirements Capture
24(2)
2.8 The Need for Unambiguous, Clear and Appropriate Requirements
26(3)
2.9 Minimising Requirements
29(2)
Further Reading
30(1)
3 Requirements Analysis, Partitioning, Implementation in Aircraft Subsystems
31(16)
3.1
Chapter Summary
31(1)
3.2 Introduction
31(2)
3.3 System Architecture
33(1)
3.4 Requirements Decomposition
34(1)
3.5 Requirements Partitioning
35(1)
3.6 Subsystem Implementation
36(1)
3.7 Maturity Reviews
37(1)
3.8 Right-Hand Side of the V-Diagram
38(1)
3.9 Proving Methods
38(3)
3.10 Integration
41(1)
3.11 Verification
42(1)
3.12 Validation
42(1)
3.13 The Safety Case and Certification
42(5)
Further Reading
45(2)
4 Armament Control System and Global Positioning System Design Issues
47(24)
4.1
Chapter Summary
47(1)
4.2 Stores Management System Design
48(11)
4.2.1 SMS Design Requirements
48(2)
4.2.2 Other System Components
50(3)
4.2.3 Typical System Architectures
53(2)
4.2.4 Training System
55(4)
4.3 GPS: Aircraft System Design Issues
59(12)
4.3.1 GPS Overview
59(5)
4.3.2 Satellite Acquisition Concepts
64(1)
4.3.3 Acquisition Strategies
65(1)
4.3.4 GPS Signal Distribution
65(2)
4.3.5 Aircraft Requirements
67(1)
4.3.6 Aircraft Implementation Concepts
68(2)
4.3.7 Cost of Complexity
70(1)
Further Reading
70(1)
5 Weapon Initialisation and Targeting
71(10)
5.1
Chapter Summary
71(1)
5.2 Targeting
71(1)
5.3 Aiming of Ballistic Bombs
72(1)
5.4 Aircraft/Weapon Alignment
73(1)
5.5 Aiming of Smart Air-to-Ground Weapons
74(2)
5.6 Air-to-Air Missiles
76(5)
5.6.1 Sensors
76(1)
5.6.2 Engagement Modes
77(1)
5.6.3 Air-to-Air Weapons Training
78(1)
Further Reading
79(2)
6 Weapon Interface Standards
81(18)
6.1
Chapter Summary
81(1)
6.2 Benefits of Standardisation
81(1)
6.3 MIL-STD-1760 AEIS
82(14)
6.3.1 MIL-STD-1760 Interface Points
83(1)
6.3.2 Connectors
83(2)
6.3.3 Signal Sets
85(1)
6.3.4 GPS RF Signal Distribution
85(5)
6.3.5 Data Protocols
90(4)
6.3.6 Data Entities
94(1)
6.3.7 Time Tagging
94(1)
6.3.8 Mass Data Transfer
95(1)
6.3.9 High-Speed 1760
96(1)
6.4 Standardisation Conclusions
96(3)
Further Reading
97(2)
7 Other Weapons Integration Standards
99(12)
7.1
Chapter Summary
99(1)
7.2 AS5725 Miniature Mission Store Interface
99(4)
7.2.1 Interface Points
99(2)
7.2.2 Connector
101(1)
7.2.3 Signal Set
101(2)
7.3 AS5726 Interface for Micro Munitions
103(3)
7.3.1 Interface Points
103(1)
7.3.2 Connectors
104(1)
7.3.3 Signal Set
104(2)
7.4 Other Weapons Integration Standards
106(5)
7.4.1 Generic Aircraft-Store Interface Framework
106(2)
7.4.2 Mission Data Exchange Format
108(1)
7.4.3 Common Launch Acceptability Region Approach
109(1)
Further Reading
110(1)
8 Interface Management
111(14)
8.1
Chapter Summary
111(1)
8.2 Introduction
111(1)
8.3 Management of the Aircraft/Store Interface
112(2)
8.4 Approaches to Interface Documentation
114(1)
8.5 Interfaces Documented in the ICD
115(4)
8.6 Controlling the Interface of Store Variants
119(1)
8.7 Information Exchange between Design Organisations
120(1)
8.8 Process for Managing Integration Risk
120(5)
Further Reading
124(1)
9 A Weapons Integration Scenario
125(34)
9.1
Chapter Summary
125(1)
9.2 Introduction
125(1)
9.3 The Weapons Integration Scenario
126(3)
9.4 The V-Diagram Revisited
129(1)
9.5 Systems Integration Activities
130(2)
9.6 Safety
132(8)
9.6.1 Aircraft/System Hazards
136(3)
9.6.2 Weapon Hazards
139(1)
9.7 Systems Requirements Decomposition, Design and Implementation
140(3)
9.7.1 Weapon System Integration Requirement
140(1)
9.7.2 Functional Definition and Development/Interface Definition
140(1)
9.7.3 Weapon Interfacing
141(2)
9.7.4 Data Flows between Aircraft Subsystems
143(1)
9.8 Loading to Dispersion Sequence
143(16)
9.8.1 Weapon Loading
145(1)
9.8.2 System Power-Up/Store Discovery
145(1)
9.8.3 Build Inventory
146(1)
9.8.4 Weapon BIT/System Power-Down
147(1)
9.8.5 Download Target Data/Power-Down Weapons
148(1)
9.8.6 Taxi/Take-Off/On-Route Phase
149(1)
9.8.7 Weapon Selection and Priming
149(1)
9.8.8 Update Target Data
150(1)
9.8.9 Steer to Target LAR/Confirm in LAR
151(1)
9.8.10 Initiate Release Sequence
151(2)
9.8.11 Weapon Release Phase
153(1)
9.8.12 Selective/Emergency Jettison
154(1)
9.8.13 Carriage Store Control
155(1)
9.8.14 Training Capability
156(1)
9.8.15 Implications of Aeromechanical Aspects - Weapon Physical Alignment
156(2)
Further Reading
158(1)
10 A Weapons Integration Scenario: System Proving and Certification
159(10)
10.1
Chapter Summary
159(1)
10.2 Introduction
159(1)
10.3 Simulators and Emulators
160(1)
10.4 Avionic Weapons
160(1)
10.5 Interface Proving
160(1)
10.6 Rig Trials
161(1)
10.7 Avionic Trials
162(1)
10.8 Electromagnetic Compatibility
162(1)
10.9 Airworthiness and Certification
163(1)
10.10 Declaration of Design and Performance/Statement of Design
164(1)
10.11 Certificate of Design
164(1)
10.12 Safety Case
165(1)
10.13 Airworthiness Flight Limitations
165(1)
10.14 Release to Service
165(1)
10.15 User Documentation
165(1)
10.16 Weapon System Evaluation
166(1)
10.17 Conclusion
167(2)
Further Reading
167(2)
11 Introduction to `Plug and Play' Weapons Integration
169(20)
11.1
Chapter Summary
169(1)
11.2 Systems Integration Considerations
169(2)
11.3 The Journey to `Plug and Play' Weapons Integration
171(1)
11.4 `Plug and Play' Technologies
172(1)
11.5 Adoption of `Plug and Play' Technology
172(1)
11.6 Introduction to Aircraft, Launcher and Weapons Interoperability
173(1)
11.7 ALWI Study
174(2)
11.8 ALWI-2 Study
176(3)
11.9 ALWI Common Interface Study
179(7)
11.9.1 Technical Architecture
180(1)
11.9.2 Greater Interoperability through a Common ICD Approach
181(1)
11.9.3 Common Store Control Service
181(2)
11.9.4 Model-Driven Architecture Approach
183(2)
11.9.5 Implementation Considerations
185(1)
11.10 ALWI Conclusions
186(3)
Further Reading
187(2)
12 Open Systems
189(14)
12.1
Chapter Summary
189(1)
12.2 Introduction
189(1)
12.3 The Contracting and Industry Environment
190(1)
12.4 Current Systems
191(1)
12.5 A Typical Mission Systems Upgrade Programme
192(1)
12.6 ASAAC Architecture
193(2)
12.7 ASAAC and `Plug and Play'
195(3)
12.8 Certification Issues
198(2)
12.9 Easing the Upgrade Programme
200(3)
Further Reading
201(2)
13 The Universal Armament Interface
203(16)
13.1
Chapter Summary
203(1)
13.2 Introduction
203(1)
13.3 Objectives of UAI
204(3)
13.4 Fundamental Principles of UAI
207(2)
13.5 Platform/Store Interface
209(1)
13.6 Mission Planning
210(1)
13.7 Launch Acceptability Region
211(1)
13.8 Integration Work Flow
211(2)
13.9 UAI Interface Management
213(1)
13.10 Certification Tools
214(1)
13.11 Benefits
215(1)
13.12 NATO UAI
216(1)
13.13 `Plug and Play' Conclusions
216(3)
Further Reading
217(2)
14 Weaponised Unmanned Air Systems
219(8)
14.1
Chapter Summary
219(1)
14.2 Introduction
219(1)
14.3 Distributed Weapon System
220(2)
14.4 System Architecture Partitioning
222(4)
14.5 Conclusions
226(1)
Further Reading
226(1)
15 Reducing the Cost of Weapons Integration
227(12)
15.1
Chapter Summary
227(1)
15.2 Introduction
227(2)
15.3 The Cost Landscape
229(2)
15.4 Reducing the Cost of Weapons Integration - Other Initiatives
231(3)
15.4.1 Streamlined Integration Processes
232(1)
15.4.2 Common Goals for the ADO and WDO
232(1)
15.4.3 Employment of New Technology Which Eases Integration
233(1)
15.4.4 The Need for Exports
233(1)
15.4.5 Spiral Introduction of Capability
234(1)
15.4.6 Organisational Re-structuring
234(1)
15.4.7 Adoption of International Standards
234(1)
15.5 Conclusions
234(2)
15.6 The Future
236(3)
Further Reading
237(2)
Index 239
Keith Rigby, Autonomous Systems, BAE Systems Military Air Solutions, UK Keith Rigby is Chief Weapons Engineer Autonomous Systems, BAE Systems Military Air Solutions. He has spent his entire career with BAE Systems, starting as a graduate in 1984 within Armament Control Systems & progressing to a senior management position on the Tornado GR4 engineering team. He then becoming Head of Weapons Control & Integration within the Air Systems business before assuming his current position in November 2008. During the last 25 years he has been involved in all aspects of the design, development and certification of armament systems and has been a key player in a number of weapon integration programmes including the weaponisation of unmanned systems. He is the author of the Weapons Integration chapter in the Encyclopaedia of Aerospace Engineering.
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