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1 Information About the Origination of This Book |
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1 | (6) |
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2 | (2) |
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1.2 Personal Reasons for the First Author Writing This Book |
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4 | (3) |
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5 | (2) |
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2 Addiction: A Short Overview of a Widespread Disease |
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7 | (10) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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2.3 The Diagnosis Addiction |
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8 | (1) |
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2.4 Aetiology of Addiction |
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9 | (1) |
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2.5 Secondary Disorders and Addiction |
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10 | (1) |
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2.6 Secondary Diseases and Brain Functions |
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10 | (1) |
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2.7 Subgroups of Addictions |
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11 | (1) |
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2.8 Motivation of Addicts |
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11 | (1) |
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2.9 The Path from Motivation to Therapy |
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12 | (1) |
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2.10 Addiction and Relapse |
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12 | (1) |
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2.11 Specific Groups of Addicts |
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12 | (2) |
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2.11.1 Co-Morbidity of Addictions |
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12 | (1) |
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2.11.2 Overweight and Eating Disorders |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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2.12 Addiction and the Homeless |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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2.14 Non-physical Dependency (Psychological Dependency) |
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14 | (3) |
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15 | (2) |
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17 | (30) |
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3.1 The Psycho-Socio-Biological Model |
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17 | (1) |
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3.2 Psychological Theories |
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17 | (6) |
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3.2.1 Behavioural Approaches |
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18 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Models of Depth Psychology |
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19 | (1) |
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3.2.3 Depth Psychological Approach |
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20 | (1) |
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3.2.4 Ego-Psychological Approaches |
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20 | (1) |
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3.2.5 The Psychological Model of Object Relations |
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21 | (1) |
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3.2.6 Theoretical Approach of Narcissism |
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22 | (1) |
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3.2.7 Explanation Models According to Family Psychotherapy |
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22 | (1) |
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3.3 Social Explanation Approaches |
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23 | (1) |
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3.4 Biological Theories About the Aetiology of Tobacco and Alcohol Addiction |
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24 | (8) |
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3.4.1 Important Findings About Tobacco and Alcohol Use from Basic Research |
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24 | (2) |
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3.4.2 Aspects of Alcohol and Tobacco Metabolism |
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26 | (1) |
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3.4.3 Maternal Tobacco and Alcohol Use During Pregnancy: A Risk Factor for the Offspring? |
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27 | (5) |
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3.5 Aetiological Aspects of Tobacco and Alcohol Dependence from an Epidemiological Perspective |
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32 | (3) |
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3.6 Aetiology of Addiction from a Psychiatric Perspective |
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35 | (12) |
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38 | (9) |
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47 | (14) |
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4.1 Attitudes Towards Addictive Drugs |
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47 | (3) |
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4.1.1 Attitudes Towards Alcohol Consumption |
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47 | (1) |
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4.1.2 Attitudes Towards Tobacco Consumption |
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48 | (2) |
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4.2 Primary Prevention of Tobacco and Alcohol Addiction |
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50 | (3) |
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4.3 Secondary Prevention: Early Diagnosis and Intervention |
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53 | (3) |
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4.3.1 Conclusions for Secondary Prevention |
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54 | (2) |
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56 | (5) |
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57 | (4) |
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5 Diagnosis of Abuse and Addiction |
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61 | (24) |
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5.1 Problems Concerning Psychiatric Diagnoses |
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61 | (2) |
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5.2 Development of the Term "Dependence" |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (4) |
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63 | (3) |
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66 | (1) |
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5.4 Tobacco or Alcohol Abuse |
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67 | (1) |
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5.5 Tobacco-Alcohol Dependence |
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68 | (2) |
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5.5.1 Specifiers Defining Subgroups of Dependence (DSM-IV) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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5.5.3 Treatment According to Therapeutic Settings |
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70 | (1) |
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5.6 Withdrawal Symptoms of Tobacco and Alcohol |
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70 | (1) |
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5.7 Commonalities and Differences of ICD-10 and DSM-IV |
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70 | (1) |
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5.8 Changes of These Classification Systems |
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71 | (3) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (2) |
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5.9 Implication of these Classification Systems for Therapy and Research |
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74 | (11) |
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74 | (4) |
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78 | (2) |
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80 | (5) |
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6 Types, Dimensions and Aetiology |
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85 | (44) |
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85 | (9) |
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6.1.1 Development of Typology Research |
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85 | (1) |
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6.1.2 Important Typologies for Research and Practice |
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86 | (6) |
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6.1.3 Assessment of Severity in Different Dimensions |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (4) |
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6.2.1 Smoking Typology According to Schoberberger and Kunze |
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94 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Smoking Typology According to Fagerstrom |
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95 | (1) |
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6.2.3 European Smoking Classification System |
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96 | (2) |
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6.3 Alcohol Addiction: Lesch's Typology |
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98 | (20) |
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6.3.1 Framework for the Definition of Lesch's Typology |
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98 | (1) |
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6.3.2 Alcohol Addiction from a Longitudinal Perspective 1976-1982-1995 |
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99 | (1) |
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6.3.3 The "Burgenland Model" |
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100 | (1) |
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6.3.4 Methodology of the Longitudinal Study on Alcohol-Dependent Patients (According to DSM-ITI and ICD-9), Used for the Development of Lesch's Typology |
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100 | (3) |
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6.3.5 Stability in the Longitudinal Course |
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103 | (2) |
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6.3.6 The Four Long-Term Illness Courses Used for Lesch's Typology |
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105 | (3) |
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6.3.7 Results of Studies Using the Lesch Typology |
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108 | (8) |
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6.3.8 Lesch's Typology from an International Comparative Perspective |
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116 | (2) |
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6.4 The Relationship Between Alcohol-Dependent Patients According to Lesch's Typology and the Severity of Tobacco Addiction |
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118 | (11) |
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119 | (10) |
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7 Motives of Alcohol- and/or Tobacco-Addicted Patients to Seek Medical Help |
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129 | (52) |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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7.3 Sequelae that Bring Patients into Therapy |
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131 | (12) |
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7.3.1 Tobacco and Sequelae |
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131 | (5) |
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136 | (6) |
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7.3.3 Oncological Diseases |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (38) |
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143 | (3) |
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7.4.2 Alcohol's Significance for Neurology and Psychiatry |
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146 | (1) |
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7.4.3 Alcohol and Psychiatric Disorders |
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147 | (10) |
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7.4.4 Alcohol and Neurological Disorders |
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157 | (11) |
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168 | (13) |
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8 Detection of Alcohol and Tobacco Addiction |
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181 | (14) |
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8.1 Recommendations for the First Contact |
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181 | (2) |
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8.1.1 Clinician's Dialogue Regarding Alcohol Addiction |
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181 | (2) |
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8.2 Assessment of Drinking Behaviour by Using Biological Markers |
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183 | (9) |
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184 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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8.2.4 Practical Suggestions for the Use of Biological Markers for Forensic Purposes |
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185 | (7) |
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8.3 The Clinical Dialogue in Tobacco Addiction |
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192 | (3) |
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192 | (3) |
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9 Therapeutic Strategies in Alcohol and Tobacco Addiction |
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195 | (76) |
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9.1 Neuroscience of Motivation |
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195 | (3) |
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9.1.1 The Roots of Pleasure |
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195 | (1) |
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9.1.2 "Liking", "Wanting" and Incentive Salience |
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196 | (2) |
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9.2 The Psychological Stages of Addiction |
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198 | (3) |
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9.2.1 Denial: "The Elephant in the Living Room" |
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198 | (1) |
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9.2.2 Ambivalence: "You Talk the Walk but You Don't Walk the Talk" |
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199 | (1) |
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9.2.3 Acceptance: "Ending the Internal Fight" |
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200 | (1) |
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9.2.4 Short-Term Sobriety: Optimism Versus Miserableness |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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9.3 The Psychological Management of Motivation in Clinical Practice |
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201 | (4) |
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9.3.1 Motivational Interviewing |
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201 | (3) |
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9.3.2 Clinical Considerations in Motivational Psychological Intervention |
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204 | (1) |
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9.4 Motivation for Therapy in Different Settings |
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205 | (3) |
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9.4.1 Motivational Interviewing at the General practitioners |
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205 | (1) |
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9.4.2 Motivational Interviewing in Internal Medicine |
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206 | (1) |
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9.4.3 Motivational Interviewing During Pregnancy |
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206 | (1) |
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9.4.4 Motivational Interviewing in Psychiatric Settings |
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207 | (1) |
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9.5 Pharmacotherapy of Alcohol and Tobacco Addiction |
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208 | (7) |
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9.5.1 Biological Principles of Pharmacotherapy |
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208 | (7) |
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9.6 Pharmacotherapy of Alcohol Withdrawal |
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215 | (14) |
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9.6.1 Withdrawal Syndrome |
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215 | (1) |
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9.6.2 Therapy of Withdrawal States |
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215 | (4) |
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9.6.3 Therapy of the Withdrawal Syndromes According to Lesch's Typology |
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219 | (8) |
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9.6.4 Complications in Alcohol Withdrawal |
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227 | (2) |
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9.7 Alternatives to Withdrawal |
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229 | (3) |
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9.7.1 Gradual Reduction of Drinking Amount, "Cut Down Drinking", Method According to David Sinclair |
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230 | (1) |
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9.7.2 Case Study: "Cut Down Drinking" |
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231 | (1) |
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9.8 Pharmacotherapy of Tobacco Withdrawal Syndrome |
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232 | (4) |
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9.8.1 Symptoms of the Tobacco Withdrawal Syndrome |
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233 | (1) |
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9.8.2 Therapy of the Tobacco Withdrawal Syndrome |
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234 | (2) |
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9.9 Medical Strategies for Relapse Prevention |
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236 | (35) |
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9.9.1 General Guidelines for Relapse Prevention |
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236 | (1) |
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9.9.2 Goals for Relapse Prevention |
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237 | (3) |
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9.9.3 Pharmacotherapy Against the So-Called "Negative" Craving (=Desire for Addictive Substances to Relieve Negative Mood and Anxiety) |
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240 | (1) |
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9.9.4 Pharmacotherapy in Relapse Prevention in Dependent Patients |
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241 | (2) |
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9.9.5 Alcohol Relapse Prevention According to Lesch's Typology |
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243 | (4) |
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9.9.6 Treatment of Relapses According to Lesch's Typology |
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247 | (1) |
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9.9.7 Pharmacotherapy of Relapse Prevention in Tobacco Dependents |
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248 | (8) |
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256 | (15) |
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10 Sociotherapy of Alcohol and Tobacco Dependents with Regard to Lesch's Typology |
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271 | (98) |
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271 | (1) |
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10.2 The Sociotherapeutic Mission |
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272 | (4) |
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10.3 Classification Psychotherapy-Sociotherapy |
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276 | (4) |
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10.4 Sociogenesis and Sociotherapeutic Chances |
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280 | (11) |
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10.4.1 Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sociogenesis |
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280 | (1) |
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10.4.2 Sociological Factors on a Macro Level |
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281 | (3) |
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10.4.3 Co-morbidity and Marginal Group Identity |
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284 | (3) |
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10.4.4 The Link Between Social Relationships (Factors on a Social Micro Level), Group Coherence and Resilience |
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287 | (2) |
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10.4.5 Analogy to Gerontology: An Atrophy of the "Social Atom" |
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289 | (2) |
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10.5 Sociotherapy in the Context of Therapeutic Phases |
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291 | (7) |
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10.5.1 Sociotherapy Location(s) |
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291 | (1) |
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10.5.2 Therapeutic Phases and Settings |
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292 | (5) |
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297 | (1) |
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10.6 State of the Art: Overlapping Perspectives for Sociotherapeutic Housing and Support Projects for Alcohol Dependents |
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298 | (18) |
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10.6.1 Standard Categories |
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299 | (9) |
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10.6.2 Excursus: Supported Housing Projects--Worlds of Their Own |
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308 | (8) |
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10.7 Motivation: A Challenge for Whom? |
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316 | (5) |
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10.7.1 Ambivalent Functions of Motivation |
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316 | (2) |
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10.7.2 The Relationship Between Dependence and Motivation Systems |
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318 | (3) |
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10.8 Sociotherapy as Network Promoter |
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321 | (8) |
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10.8.1 Micro and Meso Levels of Networking |
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322 | (6) |
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10.8.2 Macro Levels of Networking |
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328 | (1) |
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10.9 Sociotherapy with Alcohol Dependents in the Context of Lesch's Typology |
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329 | (40) |
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10.9.1 The Critical Relationship Between Psychiatry and Sociotherapy |
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329 | (1) |
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10.9.2 Application of the Typology in Sociotherapeutic Contexts |
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330 | (2) |
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10.9.3 The Relationship Between Type and Self-Regulation |
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332 | (4) |
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10.9.4 Types and Aims of Therapy |
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336 | (2) |
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10.9.5 Sociotherapeutic Aspects of Therapy with Alcohol Dependents Who Are Fundamentally Impaired in Their Performance |
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338 | (24) |
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362 | (7) |
Appendix A Lesch Alcoholism Typology--Questionnaire |
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369 | (8) |
Appendix B Lesch European Smoker Classification |
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377 | (14) |
Appendix C Assessment of Types of Opiate Dependence |
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