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E-grāmata: Algebra in the Early Grades [Taylor & Francis e-book]

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Educators, researchers, students, policy makers, and curriculum developers in mathematics education are the audience for this volume, which brings together research on early algebra. Kaput (mathematics, U. of Massachusetts) et al. compile 18 essays that focus on the nature of early algebra and its roots, students' capacity for algebraic thinking, and implementation issues in classrooms. Specific essays consider core aspects of algebra and how they arise through symbolization processes, connections to generalizing, and using physical quantities and quantitative relationships as a springboard for algebraic reasoning. The second part addresses children's reasoning, including visualization and work with functions, while the third considers teacher practices, professional development, and curriculum materials. The book originated in the context of the Algebra Working Group, an online discussion group led by Kaput and supported by the National Center for Research in Mathematical Sciences Education, based at the U. of Wisconsin Center for Education Research, as well as work done within the Early Algebra Research Group. Contributors are educators and mathematicians from the US, Israel, Mexico, and the UK. Both author and subject indexes are provided. Annotation ©2007 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

This volume is the first to offer a comprehensive, research-based, multi-faceted look at issues in early algebra. In recent years, the National Council for Teachers of Mathematics has recommended that algebra become a strand flowing throughout the K-12 curriculum, and the 2003 RAND Mathematics Study Panel has recommended that algebra be “the initial topical choice for focused and coordinated research and development [ in K-12 mathematics].”

This book provides a rationale for a stronger and more sustained approach to algebra in school, as well as concrete examples of how algebraic reasoning may be developed in the early grades. It is organized around three themes:

  • The Nature of Early Algebra
  • Students’ Capacity for Algebraic Thinking
  • Issues of Implementation: Taking Early Algebra to the Classrooms.

The contributors to this landmark volume have been at the forefront of an effort to integrate algebra into the existing early grades mathematics curriculum. They include scholars who have been developing the conceptual foundations for such changes as well as researchers and developers who have led empirical investigations in school settings.
 
Algebra in the Early Grades aims to bridge the worlds of research, practice, design, and theory for educators, researchers, students, policy makers, and curriculum developers in mathematics education.

Preface ix
Acknowledgments xiii
About the Contributors xv
Skeptic's Guide to Algebra in the Early Grades xvii
PART I: The Nature of Early Algebra
1(160)
What Is Algebra? What Is Algebraic Reasoning?
5(14)
James J. Kaput
Algebra From a Symbolization Point of View
19(38)
James J. Kaput
Maria L. Blanton
Luis Moreno
Making Use of Children's Powers to Produce Algebraic Thinking
57(38)
John Mason
Quantitative Reasoning and the Development of Algebraic Reasoning
95(38)
John P. (Jack) Smith III
Patrick W. Thompson
Representational Thinking as a Framework for Introducing Functions in the Elementary Curriculum
133(28)
Erick Smith
PART II: Students' Capacity for Algebraic Thinking
161(168)
Classroom Stories: Examples of Elementary Students Engaged in Early Algebra
165(20)
Virginia Bastable
Deborah Schifter
Children's Reasoning About Change Over Time
185(16)
Cornelia Tierney
Stephen Monk
What Is a Legitimate Arithmetic Number Sentence? The Case of Kindergarten and First-Grade Children
201(10)
Nitza Mark-Zigdon
Dina Tirosh
Visualizing Algebraic Reasoning
211(24)
Timothy Boester
Richard Lehrer
Early Algebra Is Not the Same as Algebra Early
235(38)
David W. Carraher
Analucia D. Schliemann
Judah L. Schwartz
Multiple Notational Systems and Algebraic Understandings: The Case of the ``Best Deal'' Problem
273(30)
Barbara M. Brizuela
Darrell Earnest
Signed Numbers and Algebraic Thinking
303(26)
Irit Peled
David W. Carraher
PART III: Issues of Implementation: Taking Early Algebra into the Classroom
329(182)
Content Matters: Algebraic Reasoning in Teacher Professional Development
333(28)
Megan Loef Franke
Thomas P. Carpenter
Dan Battey
Building District Capacity for Teacher Development in Algebraic Reasoning
361(28)
Maria L. Blanton
James J. Kaput
Measure Up: A Quantitative View of Early Algebra
389(24)
Barbara Dougherty
Early Algebra: What Does Understanding the Laws of Arithmetic Mean in the Elementary Grades?
413(36)
Deborah Schifter
Stephen Monk
Susan Jo Russell
Virginia Bastable
Early Algebra: The Math Workshop Perspective
449(30)
E. Paul Goldenberg
Nina Shteingold
Afterword
Early Algebra as Mathematical Sense Making
479(32)
Alan H. Schoenfeld
Author Index 511(10)
Subject Index 521


Kaput, James J.; Carraher, David W.; Blanton, Maria L.