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Amorphous Nanomaterials: Preparation, Characterization and Applications [Hardback]

  • Formāts: Hardback, 432 pages, height x width x depth: 249x175x25 mm, weight: 953 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-Mar-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Blackwell Verlag GmbH
  • ISBN-10: 352734747X
  • ISBN-13: 9783527347476
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  • Formāts: Hardback, 432 pages, height x width x depth: 249x175x25 mm, weight: 953 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-Mar-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Blackwell Verlag GmbH
  • ISBN-10: 352734747X
  • ISBN-13: 9783527347476
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
A valuable overview covering important fundamental and applicative aspects of amorphous nanomaterials!

Amorphous nanomaterials are very important in non-crystalline solids, which have emerged as a new category of advanced materials. Compared to the crystalline counterpart, amorphous nanomaterials with isotropic nature always exhibit fast ion diffusion, relieved strain, and higher reactivity, enabling such materials to exhibit high performance in mechanics and catalysis, as well as other interesting properties.

Amorphous Nanomaterials: Preparation, Characterization, and Applications covers the fundamental concept, synthesis, characterization, properties, and applications of nanoscaled amorphous materials. It starts with the introduction of amorphous materials, then gives a global view of the history, structure, and growth mechanism of amorphous nanomaterials. Subsequently, some powerful techniques to characterize amorphous materials, such as X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, spherical aberration electron microscope, in-situ-Transmission Electron Microscope, Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy, and some other defect characterization technologies are included. Furthermore, the emerging innovative methods to fabricate well-defined, regularshaped amorphous nanomaterials, including zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional amorphous nanomaterials are systematically introduced. The fascinating properties and applications related to amorphous nanomaterials including the applications in electrocatalysis, batteries, supercapacitors, photocatalysis, mechanics, etc., are presented. It will greatly help the researchers to find professional answers related to amorphous materials.









Great topic: amorphous nanomaterials are a very large and important field in both academia and industry Comprehensive: in-depth discussion of various important aspects, from both a fundamental and an applied point of view, on the chemistry, physics and technological importance of the amorphous nanomaterials are presented Vitally needed: the understanding of the fundamentals of amorphous nanomaterials is a prerequisite for devising new applications of such materials Highly relevant: amorphous nanomaterials have found specific applications in chemistry, catalysis, physics, sensing, batteries, supercapacitors, and engineering

Amorphous Nanomaterials is a vital resource for materials scientists, inorganic and physical chemists, solid state chemists, physicists, catalytic and analytical chemists, as well as organic chemists.
Foreword xi
Preface xiii
1 Introduction 1(22)
1.1 Introduction of Amorphous Materials
1(2)
1.2 Structural Differences between Amorphous Materials and Crystals
3(4)
1.2.1 Crystals and Quasicrystals
3(2)
1.2.2 Amorphous Materials
5(2)
1.3 History of Amorphous Materials
7(8)
1.3.1 Establishment of Crystallography
8(1)
1.3.2 Enlightenment of Amorphous Materials
9(1)
1.3.3 Modern Amorphous Materials 1-Disordered Elementary Substance
10(1)
1.3.4 Modern Amorphous Materials 2-Metallic Glass
11(3)
1.3.5 Modern Amorphous Materials 3-Nontraditional Amorphous Nanomaterials
14(1)
1.4 Growth Mechanisms of Amorphous Nanomaterials
15(4)
1.4.1 Classical Nucleation Theory
15(2)
1.4.2 Multistep Transformation Mechanism with Amorphous Participation
17(2)
1.4.3 Complex Growth Process in Solution
19(1)
1.5 Summary and Outlook
19(1)
References
20(3)
2 Local Structure and Electronic State of Amorphous Nanomaterials 23(38)
2.1 Spherical Aberration-Corrected Transmission Electron Microscopy
23(18)
2.1.1 Introduction
23(1)
2.1.2 Spherical Aberration-Corrected Transmission Electron Microscopy
24(4)
2.1.3 Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy in TEM
28(6)
2.1.4 Applications in Amorphous Nanomaterial Characterization
34(7)
2.1.5 Summary and Outlook
41(1)
2.2 X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectrum
41(11)
2.2.1 Introduction
41(1)
2.2.2 Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure
42(3)
2.2.3 X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure
45(2)
2.2.4 Application in Amorphous Nanomaterial Characterization
47(4)
2.2.5 Summary and Outlook
51(1)
References
52(9)
3 Defect Characterization of Amorphous Nanomaterials 61(28)
3.1 Introduction
61(3)
3.2 Positron Annihilation Spectrum
64(7)
3.3 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
71(8)
3.4 Photoluminescence Spectroscopy
79(3)
3.5 Summary and Outlook
82(2)
References
84(5)
4 Synthesis of 0D Amorphous Nanomaterials 89(22)
4.1 Introduction
89(1)
4.2 Bottom-Up Method
90(14)
4.2.1 Solution-Based Chemical Method
90(8)
4.2.2 Thermal Treatment Method
98(3)
4.2.3 Other Methods
101(3)
4.3 Top-Down Method
104(2)
4.4 Summary and Outlook
106(1)
References
106(5)
5 Synthesis of 1D Amorphous Nanomaterials 111(26)
5.1 Introduction
111(2)
5.2 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Method
113(3)
5.3 Chemical Precipitation Method
116(4)
5.4 Electrochemical Deposition Method
120(2)
5.5 Templating Method
122(2)
5.6 Other Synthetic Methods
124(7)
5.7 Summary and Outlook
131(1)
References
132(5)
6 Synthesis of 2D Amorphous Nanomaterials 137(26)
6.1 Introduction
137(1)
6.2 Thermal Decomposition Method
138(1)
6.3 Exfoliation Method
139(4)
6.4 Deposition Method
143(4)
6.4.1 Physical Vapor Deposition Method
143(1)
6.4.2 Electrodeposition Method
143(4)
6.5 Chemical Precipitation Method
147(1)
6.6 Templating Method
148(3)
6.7 Phase Transformation Method
151(1)
6.8 Sol-Gel Method
151(1)
6.9 Element Doping Method
152(3)
6.10 Summary and Outlook
155(1)
References
155(8)
7 Synthesis of 3D Amorphous Nanomaterials 163(26)
7.1 Introduction
163(1)
7.2 Template-Engaged Strategies
163(10)
7.2.1 Coordinating Etching Method
164(2)
7.2.2 Acid/Alkali Etching Method
166(3)
7.2.3 Redox Etching Method
169(2)
7.2.4 Self-Templated Method
171(2)
7.3 Electrochemical Method
173(1)
7.4 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Method
174(2)
7.5 Common Solution Method
176(1)
7.6 Laser/Ultrasonic-Assisted Solution Method
177(2)
7.7 Other Synthetic Methods
179(3)
7.8 Summary and Outlook
182(1)
References
183(6)
8 Synthesis of Amorphous-Coated and Amorphous-Doped Nanomaterials 189(34)
8.1 Introduction
189(1)
8.2 Amorphous Coated Nanomaterials by ALD
190(3)
8.2.1 Amorphous Metal Oxide Coating
190(2)
8.2.2 Amorphous Metal Fluoride Coating
192(1)
8.3 Amorphous-Coated Nanomaterials With Different Dimensions
193(15)
8.3.1 1D Amorphous-Coated Nanomaterials
193(5)
8.3.1.1 Homojunction Structure
193(4)
8.3.1.2 Hetrojuction Structure
197(1)
8.3.2 2D Amorphous-Coated Nanomaterials
198(4)
8.3.2.1 Carbon-Based Nanomaterials
198(2)
8.3.2.2 Ni-Based Nanomaterials
200(1)
8.3.2.3 Other Metal-based Nanomaterials
201(1)
8.3.3 3D Amorphous-Coated Nanomaterials
202(6)
8.3.3.1 Silica Coating
202(2)
8.3.3.2 Carbon Coating
204(1)
8.3.3.3 Metal Oxide Coating
205(2)
8.3.3.4 Metal Sulfide Coating
207(1)
8.4 Amorphous-Doped or Hybrid Nanomaterials
208(7)
8.4.1 2D Amorphous-Doped Nanomaterials
208(3)
8.4.2 3D Amorphous-Doped Nanomaterial
211(4)
8.5 Summary and Outlook
215(1)
References
215(8)
9 Applications of Amorphous Nanomaterials in Electrocatalysis 223(46)
9.1 Introduction
223(2)
9.2 Fundamentals of Electrocatalysis
225(1)
9.3 Amorphous Nanomaterials as Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting
226(30)
9.3.1 Amorphous Nanomaterials for HER
226(11)
9.3.1.1 Amorphous Single Metallic Nanomaterials for HER
226(6)
9.3.1.2 Amorphous Binary Metallic Nanomaterials for HER
232(2)
9.3.1.3 Amorphous Composite Nanomaterials for HER
234(3)
9.3.2 Amorphous Nanomaterials for OER
237(11)
9.3.2.1 Amorphous Single Metallic Nanomaterials for OER
238(3)
9.3.2.2 Amorphous Binary Metallic Nanomaterials for OER
241(3)
9.3.2.3 Amorphous Polynary Metal Nanomaterials for OER
244(2)
9.3.2.4 Amorphous Composites for OER
246(2)
9.3.3 Amorphous Nanomaterials for ORR
248(3)
9.3.3.1 Amorphous Noble Metal-based Nanomaterials for ORR
249(1)
9.3.3.2 Amorphous 3d Metal-based Nanomaterials for ORR
249(2)
9.3.4 Amorphous Nanomaterials for CRR
251(1)
9.3.5 Amorphous Nanomaterials for NRR
252(1)
9.3.6 Amorphous Nanomaterials as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts
253(16)
9.3.6.1 Amorphous Nanomaterials as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts of HER and OER
254(2)
9.3.6.2 Amorphous Nanomaterials as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts of ORR and OER
256(1)
9.4 Summary and Outlook
256(2)
References
258(11)
10 Applications of Amorphous Nanomaterials in Batteries 269(48)
10.1 Introduction
269(1)
10.2 Negative Electrodes in Batteries
269(26)
10.2.1 Amorphous Phosphorus Compounds
269(4)
10.2.2 Amorphous Silicon Compounds
273(7)
10.2.3 Amorphous Transition Metal Oxides
280(9)
10.2.3.1 Amorphous Iron Oxides
280(1)
10.2.3.2 Amorphous Titanium Oxides
281(1)
10.2.3.3 Amorphous Vanadium-Based Oxides
282(6)
10.2.3.4 Amorphous Tin-Based Oxides
288(1)
10.2.4 Amorphous Carbon
289(6)
10.3 Positive Electrodes in Batteries
295(9)
10.3.1 Amorphous Ferric Phosphate
295(5)
10.3.2 Amorphous Vanadium-Based Oxides
300(2)
10.3.3 Amorphous Metal Polysulfides
302(2)
10.4 Summary and Outlook
304(2)
References
306(11)
11 Applications of Amorphous Nanomaterials in Supercapacitors 317(30)
11.1 Introduction
317(1)
11.2 Applications in Electric Double-Layer Capacitors
318(6)
11.3 Applications in Pseudocapacitors
324(17)
11.3.1 Amorphous Metal Oxides
325(9)
11.3.2 Amorphous Metal Sulfides
334(3)
11.3.3 Other Amorphous Nanomaterials
337(4)
11.4 Summary and Outlook
341(1)
References
342(5)
12 Applications of Amorphous Nanomaterials in Photocatalysis 347(28)
12.1 Introduction
347(2)
12.2 Photocatalytic Degradation
349(6)
12.3 Photocatalytic Decomposition of Water
355(4)
12.4 Photo-Electrocatalysis
359(4)
12.5 Amorphous Nanomaterial as Cocatalyst in Photocatalysis
363(3)
12.6 Other Applications in Photocatalysis
366(4)
12.7 Summary and Outlook
370(1)
References
370(5)
13 Engineering Applications of Amorphous Nanomaterials 375(32)
13.1 Introduction
375(1)
13.2 Mechanical Properties of Amorphous Nanomaterials
376(10)
13.2.1 Amorphous Alloys/Metals
376(6)
13.2.2 Amorphous Nonmetallic Materials
382(4)
13.3 Strategy for Enhancing the Mechanical Performance
386(15)
13.3.1 Introduction of Micro/Nanosecond Phase
387(6)
13.3.2 Introduction of Micro/Nano-Inhomogeneity
393(2)
13.3.3 Surface Modification
395(1)
13.3.4 Amorphous Based Composite Materials
396(5)
13.4 Summary and Outlook
401(1)
References
402(5)
Index 407
Lin Guo, Professor, is the executive dean of School of Chemistry, Beihang University, China. He has received several scientific awards including the Humboldt Fellowship Award, Germany in 2001, the Outstanding Youth Fund from Nature Science Foundation of China in 2007, the Yangtze River Scholars Distinguished Professor in 2011, and Second Prize of National Natural Science of China in 2013. Also, he was awarded the Fellow of the Royal Society Chemistry in 2015. His research interests focus on synthesis, characterization, and applications of zero-, one-, two- and threedimensional nanomaterials.