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Analytic Combustion: With Thermodynamics, Chemical Kinetics and Mass Transfer [Hardback]

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(Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 366 pages, height x width x depth: 260x180x25 mm, weight: 900 g, Worked examples or Exercises; 91 Tables, unspecified; 2 Halftones, unspecified; 85 Line drawings, unspecified
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Mar-2011
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 1107002869
  • ISBN-13: 9781107002869
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Analytic Combustion: With Thermodynamics, Chemical Kinetics and Mass TransferPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 366 pages, height x width x depth: 260x180x25 mm, weight: 900 g, Worked examples or Exercises; 91 Tables, unspecified; 2 Halftones, unspecified; 85 Line drawings, unspecified
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Mar-2011
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 1107002869
  • ISBN-13: 9781107002869
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781107002869.html
Keywords:
"Combustion involves change in the chemical state of a substance from a fuel-state to a product-state via chemical reaction accompanied by release of heat energy. Design or performance evaluation of equipment also requires knowledge of the RATE of change of state. This rate is governed by the laws of thermodynamics and by the empirical sciences of heat and mass transfer, chemical kinetics and fluid dynamics. Theoretical treatment of combustion requires integrated knowledge of these subjects and strong mathematical and numerical skills.ANALYTIC COMBUSTION is written for advanced undergraduates, graduate students and professionals in mechanical, aeronautical, and chemical engineering. Topics were carefully selected and presented to facilitate learning withemphasis on effective mathematical formulations and solution strategies. The book features over 60 solved numerical problems and analytical derivations and nearly 145 endof- chapter exercise problems. The presentation is gradual starting from Thermodynamics of Pure and Mixture substances, Chemical Equilibrium, building to a uniquely strong chapter on Application Case-Studies"--Provided by publisher.

Provided by publisher.

Papildus informācija

Analytic Combustion is written for advanced students in mechanical, aeronautical and chemical engineering. It features 60 examples and 145 exercises.
Preface xiii
Symbols and Acronyms xvii
1 Introduction
1(11)
1.1 Importance of Thermodynamics
1(4)
1.2 Laws of Thermodynamics
5(2)
1.3 Importance of Combustion
7(5)
2 Thermodynamics of a Pure Substance
12(36)
2.1 Introduction
12(1)
2.2 Important Definitions
12(6)
2.2.1 System, Surroundings and Boundary
12(1)
2.2.2 Work and Heat Interactions
13(1)
2.2.3 Closed (Constant-Mass) System
13(1)
2.2.4 Open (Constant-Volume) System
14(1)
2.2.5 In-Between Systems
14(1)
2.2.6 Thermodynamic Equilibrium
15(1)
2.2.7 Properties of a System
16(1)
2.2.8 State of a System
17(1)
2.3 Behavior of a Pure Substance
18(3)
2.3.1 Pure Substance
18(1)
2.3.2 Typical Behavior
18(3)
2.4 Law of Corresponding States
21(2)
2.5 Process and Its Path
23(4)
2.5.1 Real and Quasistatic Processes
24(1)
2.5.2 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
25(2)
2.5.3 Cyclic Process
27(1)
2.6 First Law of Thermodynamics
27(8)
2.6.1 First Law for a Finite Process - Closed System
28(2)
2.6.2 Joule's Experiment
30(1)
2.6.3 Specific Heats and Enthalpy
31(1)
2.6.4 Ideal Gas Relations
32(1)
2.6.5 First Law for an Open System
32(3)
2.7 Second Law of Thermodynamics
35(13)
2.7.1 Consequence for a Finite Process - Closed System
36(2)
2.7.2 Isolated System and Universe
38(2)
2.7.3 First Law in Terms of Entropy and Gibbs Function
40(1)
2.7.4 Thermal Equilibrium
40(2)
2.7.5 Equilibrium of a General Closed System
42(1)
2.7.6 Phase-Change Processes
43(1)
2.7.7 Second Law for an Open System
44(4)
3 Thermodynamics of Gaseous Mixtures
48(22)
3.1 Introduction
48(1)
3.2 Mixture Composition
49(2)
3.2.1 Mass Fraction
49(1)
3.2.2 Mole Fraction and Partial Pressure
50(1)
3.2.3 Molar Concentration
51(1)
3.2.4 Specifying Composition
51(1)
3.3 Energy and Entropy Properties of Mixtures
51(3)
3.4 Properties of Reacting Mixtures
54(10)
3.4.1 Stoichiometric Reaction
54(2)
3.4.2 Fuel-Air Ratio
56(1)
3.4.3 Equivalence Ratio Φ
57(1)
3.4.4 Effect of Φ on Product Composition
57(3)
3.4.5 Heat of Combustion or Heat of Reaction
60(2)
3.4.6 Enthalpy of Formation
62(1)
3.4.7 Entropy of Formation
63(1)
3.4.8 Adiabatic Flame Temperature
63(1)
3.4.9 Constant-Volume Heat of Reaction
64(1)
3.5 Use of Property Tables
64(6)
4 Chemical Equilibrium
70(20)
4.1 Progress of a Chemical Reaction
70(1)
4.2 Dissociation Reaction
71(1)
4.3 Conditions for Chemical Equilibrium
72(2)
4.3.1 Condition for a Finite Change
72(1)
4.3.2 Consequences for an Infinitesimal Change
72(2)
4.4 Equilibrium Constant Kp
74(4)
4.4.1 Degree of Reaction
74(1)
4.4.2 Derivation of Kp
75(3)
4.5 Problems in Chemical Equilibrium
78(12)
4.5.1 Single Reactions
78(2)
4.5.2 Two-Step Reactions
80(2)
4.5.3 Multistep Reactions
82(4)
4.5.4 Constant-Volume Combustion
86(4)
5 Chemical Kinetics
90(22)
5.1 Importance of Chemical Kinetics
90(1)
5.2 Reformed View of a Reaction
91(1)
5.3 Reaction Rate Formula
92(9)
5.3.1 Types of Elementary Reactions
92(2)
5.3.2 Rate Formula for A + B → C + D
94(4)
5.3.3 Tri- and Unimolecular Reactions
98(1)
5.3.4 Relation between Rate Coefficient and Kp
98(3)
5.4 Construction of Global Reaction Rate
101(8)
5.4.1 Useful Approximations
101(3)
5.4.2 Zeldovich Mechanism of NO Formation
104(4)
5.4.3 Quasi-Global Mechanism
108(1)
5.5 Global Rates for Hydrocarbon Fuels
109(3)
6 Derivation of Transport Equations
112(22)
6.1 Introduction
112(1)
6.2 Navier-Stokes Equations
113(2)
6.2.1 Mass Conservation Equation
113(1)
6.2.2 Momentum Equations ui (i = 1, 2, 3)
113(2)
6.3 Equations of Mass Transfer
115(2)
6.3.1 Species Conservation
115(1)
6.3.2 Element Conservation
116(1)
6.4 Energy Equation
117(4)
6.4.1 Rate of Change
117(1)
6.4.2 Convection and Conduction
117(1)
6.4.3 Volumetric Generation
118(2)
6.4.4 Final Form of Energy Equation
120(1)
6.4.5 Enthalpy and Temperature Forms
120(1)
6.5 Two-Dimensional Boundary Layer Flow Model
121(4)
6.5.1 Governing Equations
122(1)
6.5.2 Boundary and Initial Conditions
123(2)
6.6 One-Dimensional Stefan Flow Model
125(1)
6.7 Reynolds Flow Model
126(2)
6.8 Turbulence Models
128(6)
6.8.1 Basis of Modeling
128(1)
6.8.2 Modeling |u| and l
128(6)
7 Thermochemical Reactors
134(30)
7.1 Introduction
134(1)
7.2 Plug-Flow Reactor
135(11)
7.2.1 Governing Equations
135(9)
7.2.2 Nonadiabatic PFTCR
144(2)
7.3 Well-Stirred Reactor
146(9)
7.3.1 Governing Equations
146(2)
7.3.2 Steady-State WSTCR
148(4)
7.3.3 Loading Parameters
152(3)
7.4 Constant-Mass Reactor
155(9)
7.4.1 Constant-Volume CMTCR
156(3)
7.4.2 Variable-Volume CMTCR
159(5)
8 Premixed Flames
164(34)
8.1 Introduction
164(1)
8.2 Laminar Premixed Flames
165(11)
8.2.1 Laminar Flame Speed
165(1)
8.2.2 Approximate Prediction of Sl and δ
166(3)
8.2.3 Refined Prediction of Sl and δ
169(4)
8.2.4 Correlations for Sl and δ
173(3)
8.3 Turbulent Premixed Flames
176(2)
8.4 Flame Stabilization
178(4)
8.5 Externally Aided Ignition
182(6)
8.5.1 Spherical Propagation
182(2)
8.5.2 Plane Propagation
184(4)
8.6 Self- or Auto-Ignition
188(4)
8.6.1 Ignition Delay and Fuel Rating
188(1)
8.6.2 Estimation of Ignition Delay
189(3)
8.7 Flammability Limits
192(2)
8.8 Flame Quenching
194(4)
9 Diffusion Flames
198(25)
9.1 Introduction
198(2)
9.2 Laminar Diffusion Flames
200(10)
9.2.1 Velocity Prediction
200(3)
9.2.2 Flame Length and Shape Prediction
203(4)
9.2.3 Correlations
207(1)
9.2.4 Solved Problems
208(2)
9.3 Turbulent Diffusion Flames
210(8)
9.3.1 Velocity Prediction
210(2)
9.3.2 Flame Length and Shape Prediction
212(4)
9.3.3 Correlations for Lf
216(1)
9.3.4 Correlations for Liftoff and Blowout
217(1)
9.4 Solved Problems
218(2)
9.5 Burner Design
220(3)
10 Combustion of Particles and Droplets
223(38)
10.1 Introduction
223(3)
10.2 Governing Equations
226(2)
10.3 Droplet Evaporation
228(11)
10.3.1 Inert Mass Transfer without Heat Transfer
228(6)
10.3.2 Inert Mass Transfer with Heat Transfer
234(5)
10.4 Droplet Combustion
239(7)
10.4.1 Droplet Burn Rate
240(1)
10.4.2 Interpretation of B
240(2)
10.4.3 Flame Front Radius and Temperature
242(4)
10.5 Solid Particle Combustion
246(15)
10.5.1 Stages of Combustion
246(3)
10.5.2 Char Burning
249(12)
11 Combustion Applications
261(34)
11.1 Introduction
261(1)
11.2 Wood-Burning Cookstove
261(17)
11.2.1 CTARA Experimental Stove
262(1)
11.2.2 Modeling Considerations
263(3)
11.2.3 Zonal Modeling
266(4)
11.2.4 Radiation Model
270(1)
11.2.5 Output Parameters
271(1)
11.2.6 Reference Stove Specifications
272(2)
11.2.7 Effect of Parametric Variations
274(3)
11.2.8 Overall Conclusions
277(1)
11.3 Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln
278(11)
11.3.1 VSBK Construction and Operation
280(1)
11.3.2 Modeling Assumptions
281(2)
11.3.3 Coal Burning
283(1)
11.3.4 Model Equations
284(2)
11.3.5 Inlet and Exit Conditions
286(1)
11.3.6 Results for the Reference Case
286(2)
11.3.7 Parametric Studies
288(1)
11.3.8 Overall Conclusions
289(1)
11.4 Gas Turbine Combustion Chamber
289(6)
11.4.1 Combustor Designs
289(1)
11.4.2 Idealization
290(3)
11.4.3 Computed Results
293(2)
Appendix A Thermochemistry Data 295(17)
Appendix B Curve-Fit Coefficients for Δhc, Tad, Kp, Cp, h, and s 312(7)
Appendix C Properties of Fuels 319(6)
Appendix D Thermophysical and Transport Properties of Gases 325(9)
Appendix E Atmospheric Data 334(1)
Appendix F Binary Diffusion Coefficients at 1 atm and T = 300 K 335(2)
Bibliography 337(6)
Index 343
Anil W. Date received his Ph.D. in Heat Transfer from Imperial College London. He has been a member of the Thermal and Fluids Group of the Mechanical Engineering Department at IIT Bombay since 1973. Professor Date has taught both undergraduate and postgraduate courses in thermodynamics, energy conversion, heat and mass transfer and combustion. He is actively engaged in research and consulting in enhanced convective heat/mass transfer, stability and phase-change in nuclear thermo-hydraulics loops, numerical methods applied to computational fluid dynamics, solidification and melting and interfacial flows. Professor Date has published in the International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer, the Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer, the Journal of Numerical Heat Transfer, the ASME Journal of Heat Transfer and has carried out important sponsored and consultancy projects for national agencies. He has been Editor for India of the Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer. Professor Date has held visiting professorships at the University of Karlsruhe, Germany and City University of Hong Kong and has been Visiting Scientist at Cornell University and UIUC, USA. He has delivered lectures and seminars in Australia, the UK, the USA, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, Hong Kong and China. Professor Date founded the Center for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas (CTARA) in IIT Bombay in 1985 and assumed its headship again in 2005. He derives great satisfaction from applying thermo-fluids and mechanical science to rural technology problems and has inspired several generation of students to work on such problems and taught courses in science, technology, and society and appropriate technology. He was elected Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering (FNAE, 2001), received the Excellence in Teaching Award of IIT Bombay in 2006 and was chosen as the first Rahul Bajaj Chair-Professor of Mechanical Engineering by IIT Bombay in 2009. Professor Date is the author of Introduction to Computationa