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Ancient Lives: An Introduction to Archaeology and Prehistory 7th edition [Mīkstie vāki]

3.73/5 (65 ratings by Goodreads)
(University of California, USA),
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 572 pages, height x width: 254x178 mm, weight: 1180 g, 4 Tables, black and white; 16 Line drawings, black and white; 253 Halftones, black and white; 269 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 10-Nov-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0367537346
  • ISBN-13: 9780367537340
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  • Cena: 139,25 €
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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 572 pages, height x width: 254x178 mm, weight: 1180 g, 4 Tables, black and white; 16 Line drawings, black and white; 253 Halftones, black and white; 269 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 10-Nov-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0367537346
  • ISBN-13: 9780367537340
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

Focusing on sites of key significance and the world’s first civilizations, Ancient Lives is an accessible and engaging textbook which introduces complete beginners to the fascinating worlds of archaeology and prehistory.

Drawing on their impressive combined experience of the field and the classroom, the authors use a jargon-free narrative style to enliven the major developments of more than 3 million years of human culture. First introducing the basic principles, methods, and theoretical approaches of archaeology, the book then provides a summary of world prehistory from a global perspective. This latest edition provides an up-to-date account of human evolution and the origins of modern humans. It explores the reality of life in the prehistoric world. Later chapters describe the development of agriculture and animal domestication, and the emergence of cities, states, and preindustrial civilizations in widely separated parts of the world. Our knowledge of these is changing thanks to revolutionary developments in LIDAR (light detection and ranging) technology and other remote-sensing devices.

With this new edition updated to reflect the latest discoveries and research in the discipline, Ancient Lives continues to be a comprehensive and essential introduction to archaeology. It will be ideal for students looking for an accessible guide to the subject.

Preface xv
About Ancient Lives xv
The Philosophy Behind Ancient Lives xvi
Special Features and Changes in the Seventh Edition xvii
Acknowledgments xx
Author Notes xxi
PART I Archaeology: Studying Ancient Times
1(148)
Special Feature: Conservation Of Sites And Finds
1 Introducing Archaeology and Prehistory
3(31)
How Archaeology Began
5(5)
A Pause for Definitions
10(6)
Prehistory and History
16(2)
Why Is Archaeology Important?
18(9)
Who Needs the Past?
27(5)
Summary
32(1)
Key Terms and Sites
32(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
33(1)
Further Reading
33(1)
2 The Record of the Past
34(35)
The Goals of Archaeology
36(7)
The Process of Archaeological Research
43(5)
What Is Culture?
48(2)
The Archives of the Past: The Archaeological Record
50(3)
Preservation Conditions
53(7)
Context
60(7)
Summary
67(1)
Key Terms and Sites
67(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
68(1)
Further Reading
68(1)
3 Acquiring the Record
69(36)
How Do You Find Archaeological Sites?
72(5)
Back to (Real) Earth: Ground Survey
77(6)
How Do You Dig Up the Past?
83(13)
How Old Is It?
96(6)
Summary
102(1)
Key Terms and Sites
103(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
103(1)
Further Reading
104(1)
4 How Did People Live?
105(44)
Technologies of the Ancients
105(20)
Subsistence: Making a Living
125(19)
Summary
144(1)
Key Terms and Sites
145(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
146(1)
Further Reading
147(2)
PART II Ancient Interactions
149(90)
5 Individuals and Interactions
151(26)
An Individual: Otzi the Ice Man
152(2)
Social Ranking
154(5)
Gender: Men and Women
159(5)
Ethnicity and Inequality
164(2)
Trade and Exchange
166(9)
Summary
175(1)
Key Terms and Sites
175(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
176(1)
Further Reading
176(1)
6 Studying the Intangible
177(31)
A Framework of Common Belief?
178(5)
Ethnographic Analogy and Rock Art
183(4)
The Archaeology of Death
187(1)
Artifacts: The Importance of Context
188(4)
Artifacts and Art Styles
192(3)
Sacred Places
195(11)
Summary
206(1)
Key Terms and Sites
206(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
206(1)
Further Reading
207(1)
7 Explaining the Past
208(31)
Culture History
209(1)
Constructing Culture History
210(7)
Analogy
217(4)
Archaeology by Observation and Experiment
221(4)
Explaining Cultural Change
225(6)
People, Not Systems
231(4)
Change and No Change
235(1)
Summary
236(1)
Key Terms and Sites
236(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
237(1)
Further Reading
237(2)
PART III The World of the First Humans
239(70)
8 Human Origins
241(35)
Early Primate Evolution and Adaptation
244(4)
The Fossil Evidence for Human Evolution (c. 6 Million to 1.5 Million Years Ago)
248(9)
Early Homo: Homo habilis (c. 2.5 Million to 1.6 Million Years Ago)
257(2)
Defining Homo
259(2)
The Earliest Human Technology
261(5)
Hunters or Scavengers?
266(2)
Plant Foraging and Grandmothering
268(2)
The Earliest Human Mind
270(2)
The Development of Language and Speech
272(1)
The Earliest Social Organization
273(1)
Summary
274(1)
Key Terms and Sites
274(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
275(1)
Further Reading
275(1)
9 African Exodus
276(33)
Ice Age Background
277(2)
Homo erectus in Africa
279(1)
Homo erectus Outside Africa (c. 1.8 Million to Possibly 100,000 Years Ago)
280(4)
The Lifeway of Homo erectus
284(5)
After, and Alongside, Homo erectus
289(2)
The Neanderthals (c. 350,000 to c. 30,000 Years Ago)
291(6)
Early Homo sapiens (c. 300,000 to 120,000 Years Ago)
297(8)
Out of Africa
305(1)
Summary
306(1)
Key Terms and Sites
306(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
307(1)
Further Reading
307(2)
PART IV Modern Humans Settle the World
309(32)
10 The Great Diaspora
311(30)
The Late Ice Age World (50,000 to 15,000 Years Ago)
312(2)
The AMH Peopling of Southeast Asia and Australia (by 50,000 Years Ago)
314(3)
Late Ice Age Europe: The Cro-Magnons (c. 45,000 to 15,000 Years Ago)
317(10)
Hunter-Gatherers in Eurasia (35,000 to 15,000 Years Ago)
327(2)
East Asia (c. 35,000 to 15,000 Years Ago)
329(2)
AMH Settlement of Siberia (Before 20,000 to 15,000 Years Ago)
331(1)
The First Americans (Before 15,000 Years Ago to 13,000 Years Ago)
332(5)
The Clovis People (c. 13,200 to 12,900 Years Ago)
337(1)
Summary
338(1)
Key Terms and Sites
339(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
340(1)
Further Reading
340(1)
PART V The First Farmers and Civilizations
341(90)
11 The Earliest Farmers
343(34)
After the Ice Age
344(1)
Changes in Hunter-Gatherer Societies
345(4)
Origins of Food Production
349(2)
Consequences of Food Production
351(5)
The First Farmers in Southwestern Asia
356(11)
Early Agriculture in South and East Asia
367(4)
Navigators and Chiefs in the Pacific (2000 b.C. to Modern Times)
371(3)
Summary
374(1)
Key Terms and Sites
375(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
376(1)
Further Reading
376(1)
12 The First Civilizations
377(32)
What Is a State-Organized Society?
378(2)
Theories of the Origins of States
380(7)
The Collapse of Civilizations
387(1)
Early Civilization in Mesopotamia (5500 to 3100 B.C.)
388(8)
Ancient Egyptian Civilization (c. 3100 to 30 B.C.)
396(11)
Summary
407(1)
Key Terms and Sites
407(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
408(1)
Further Reading
408(1)
13 Early Asian Civilizations
409(22)
South Asia: The Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2700 to 1700 B.C.)
411(3)
South Asia after the Indus Valley Civilization (1700 to 180 B.C.)
414(2)
The Origins of Chinese Civilization (2600 to 1100 B.C.)
416(5)
The War Lords (1100 to 221 B.C.)
421(1)
Southeast Asian Civilization (A.D. 1 to 1500)
422(7)
Summary
429(1)
Key Terms and Sites
430(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
430(1)
Further Reading
430(1)
PART VI The Ancient Americas
431(96)
14 North America
433(30)
North America after First Settlement
434(5)
The Story of Maize
439(5)
The Southwest (300 B.C. to Modern Times)
444(8)
Eastern North America (2000 B.C. to A.D. 1650)
452(8)
Summary
460(1)
Key Terms and Sites
461(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
461(1)
Further Reading
461(2)
15 Mesoamerican Civilizations
463(33)
The Olmec (1500 to 500 B.C.)
464(4)
Ancient Maya Civilization (Before 1000 B.C. to A.D. 300)
468(3)
Classic Maya Civilization (A.D. 300 to 900)
471(7)
The Rise of Highland Civilization (1500 to 200 B.C.)
478(3)
Teotihuacdn (200 B.C. to A.D. 750)
481(4)
The Toltecs (A.D. 650 to 1200)
485(1)
Aztec Civilization (A.D. 1200 to 1521)
486(7)
Summary
493(1)
Key Terms and Sites
494(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
494(1)
Further Reading
494(2)
16 Andean Civilizations
496(31)
The Maritime Foundations of And ean Civilization
500(1)
Coastal Foundations (3000 to 900 B.C.)
501(3)
The Early Horizon and Chavt'n de Hudntar (900 to 200 B.C.)
504(3)
The Initial Period: Inland Developments (1800 B.C. to A.D. 100)
507(1)
The Moche State (A.D. 1-800)
508(4)
The Middle Horizon: Tiwanaku and Wari (A.D. 600 to 1000)
512(3)
The Late Intermediate Period: Sicdn and Chimu (A.D. 700 to 1460)
515(3)
The Late Horizon: The Inca State (A.D. 1476 to 1534)
518(6)
The Spanish Conquest (A.D. 1532 to 1534)
524(1)
Summary
525(1)
Key Terms and Sites
525(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
526(1)
Further Reading
526(1)
PART VI Finale
527(13)
17 What Remains to Be Done: Archaeology and You
529(11)
The Future of the Past
530(1)
Conservation and Mitigation
531(2)
Public Archaeology, aka Public Outreach
533(1)
Our Responsibilities to the Past
534(2)
So You Want to Become an Archaeologist?
536(2)
Summary
538(1)
Critical-Thinking Questions
538(1)
Further Reading
539(1)
Glossary 540(17)
References 557(1)
Index 558
Brian M. Fagan is one of the worlds leading archaeological writers and an internationally recognized authority on world prehistory. He is Emeritus Professor of Anthropology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.

Nadia Durrani is a Cambridge University-trained archaeologist, with a PhD from University College, London, in Arabian archaeology. She is the former editor of Britains best-selling archaeology magazine, Current World Archaeology, and has written and edited many articles and books on archaeology from every corner of the globe.