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1 An Introduction to Animal Behavior |
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3 | (20) |
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1.1 Natural Selection and the Evolution of Behavior |
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5 | (7) |
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The Cost-Benefit Approach |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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Box 1.1 Natural selection and infanticide in primates |
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9 | (2) |
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The Integrative Study of Animal Behavior |
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11 | (1) |
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1.2 Approaches to Studying Behavior |
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12 | (11) |
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Box 1.2 Phylogenies and the comparative method |
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13 | (1) |
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Examining the Adaptive Basis of Behavior |
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14 | (2) |
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Inferring the Evolutionary History of Behavior |
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16 | (1) |
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Box 1.3 The benefit of high nest density for the arctic skua |
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17 | (6) |
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2 The Integrative Study of Behavior |
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23 | (32) |
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Box 2.1 Characterizing sounds made by animals |
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24 | (2) |
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2.1 The Development of Song Learning |
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26 | (4) |
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Intraspecific Variation and Dialects |
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26 | (3) |
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Social Experience and Song Development |
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29 | (1) |
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Box 2.2 Song learning in birds adopted by another species |
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30 | (1) |
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2.2 Mechanisms of Song Learning |
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31 | (2) |
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The Genetics of Song Learning |
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32 | (1) |
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Box 2.3 Proximate mechanisms underlying song preferences in females |
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33 | (3) |
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The Avian Song Control System |
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33 | (3) |
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2.3 The Evolution of Song Learning |
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36 | (4) |
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An Evolutionary History of Bird Song |
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36 | (2) |
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Song Learning: A Comparative Approach |
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38 | (2) |
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2.4 The Adaptive Value of Song Learning |
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40 | (15) |
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Ecological and Social Correlates of Song Learning |
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41 | (1) |
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Box 2.4 Why might song learning make males communicate more effectively with rivals or potential mates? |
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42 | (4) |
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Social Competition and Mate Choice |
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46 | (9) |
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3 The Developmental and Molecular Bases of Behavior |
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55 | (34) |
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3.1 Behavior Requires Genes and the Environment |
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56 | (12) |
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57 | (1) |
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Box 3.1 Behavioral genetics: Identifying the genetic basis of differences in behavior |
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58 | (3) |
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Box 3.2 Genome editing: Reverse genetics and CRISPR technology |
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61 | (3) |
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Gene Regulation Influences Behavior |
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64 | (1) |
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Box 3.3 Migratory restlessness |
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65 | (3) |
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3.2 The Evolutionary Development of Behavior |
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68 | (6) |
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The Evo-Devo Approach to Understanding Behavior |
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68 | (4) |
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Molecular Toolkits and the Development of Behavior |
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72 | (1) |
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Box 3.4 The genetics of foraging behavior in honey bees |
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73 | (1) |
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3.3 The Development of Behavioral Variation |
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74 | (15) |
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Early Life Developmental Conditions |
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75 | (3) |
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Alternative Behavioral Phenotypes |
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78 | (11) |
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4 The Neural Basis of Behavior |
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89 | (34) |
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4.1 Responding to Stimuli |
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90 | (11) |
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Complex Behavioral Responses to Simple Stimuli |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (4) |
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Box 4.1 Ultrasound detection in the moth ear |
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97 | (4) |
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4.2 Sensory Stimuli and Nervous System Control |
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101 | (7) |
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Decision Making in the Brain |
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102 | (2) |
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Box 4.2 Optogenetics: Using light to control neurons |
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104 | (1) |
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Alternative Sensory Modalities |
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105 | (3) |
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4.3 Translating Sensory Stimuli into Behavior |
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108 | (15) |
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Neural Mechanisms of Information Transfer |
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108 | (6) |
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114 | (1) |
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Box 4.3 Determining how female parasitoid wasps choose their singing male bush-cricket hosts |
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115 | (4) |
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Box 4.4 Cortical magnification in mammals |
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119 | (4) |
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5 The Physiological and Endocrine Bases of Behavior |
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123 | (36) |
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5.1 Endogenous Rhythms and Changing Behavioral Priorities |
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124 | (8) |
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Endogenous versus Exogenous Control of Behavioral Priorities |
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124 | (4) |
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Mechanisms of Changing Behavioral Priorities |
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128 | (4) |
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5.2 Cues that Entrain Cycles of Behavior |
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132 | (10) |
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Predictable Environmental Cues |
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133 | (5) |
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Box 5.1 Hormonal responses to light in birds |
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138 | (1) |
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Unpredictable Environmental Cues |
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139 | (3) |
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5.3 Hormones and Behavior |
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142 | (17) |
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Activational Effects of Hormones |
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142 | (1) |
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Box 5.2 Measuring hormones in animals |
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143 | (5) |
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Box 5.3 Do steroid hormones modulate male parental behavior in California mice? |
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148 | (1) |
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Hormonal Causes and Consequences of Behavior |
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148 | (11) |
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6 Avoiding Predators and Finding Food |
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159 | (36) |
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6.1 Antipredator Behavior |
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160 | (18) |
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160 | (4) |
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164 | (6) |
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170 | (1) |
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Box 6.1 Periodical cicadas emerge only on prime number years |
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171 | (5) |
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Optimality Theory and Antipredator Behavior |
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176 | (2) |
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178 | (17) |
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178 | (1) |
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Box 6.2 Optimal foraging by pike cichlidfish |
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179 | (2) |
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Box 6.3 Territoriality and feeding behavior in golden-winged sunbirds |
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181 | (4) |
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185 | (2) |
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Cognition and Finding Food |
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187 | (1) |
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Frequency Dependence and Foraging Behavior |
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188 | (1) |
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Box 6.4 Evolutionary game theory |
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189 | (6) |
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7 Territoriality and Movement |
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195 | (38) |
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196 | (14) |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (6) |
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Box 7.1 How to track migratory songbirds |
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203 | (1) |
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Competition for Territories |
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204 | (6) |
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210 | (23) |
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210 | (3) |
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Box 7.2 Opposite patterns of sex-biased dispersal in mammals and birds |
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213 | (2) |
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215 | (5) |
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Box 7.3 Behaviors to reduce the costs of flying during migration |
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220 | (5) |
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Variation in Migratory Behavior and Connectivity |
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225 | (3) |
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Box 7.4 Migratory pathways of Swainson's thrush |
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228 | (5) |
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8 Principles of Communication |
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233 | (38) |
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8.1 Communication and Animal Signals |
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234 | (4) |
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A Communication Framework |
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235 | (1) |
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Functionally Referent Signals |
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235 | (3) |
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8.2 The Evolution of Animal Signals |
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238 | (12) |
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239 | (2) |
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241 | (2) |
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Box 8.1 Spiders hunting prey at night |
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243 | (2) |
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Preexisting Traits versus Preexisting Biases |
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245 | (2) |
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Box 8.2 Why do female moths mate with males that produce ultrasonic mimetic signals similar to those produced by predatory bats? |
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247 | (3) |
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8.3 The Function of Animal Signals |
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250 | (21) |
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253 | (4) |
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Box 8.3 Mechanisms and measurement of animal coloration |
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257 | (3) |
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260 | (5) |
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265 | (6) |
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271 | (42) |
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9.1 Sexual Selection and the Evolution of Sex Differences |
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272 | (10) |
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Sex Differences in Behavior and Investment |
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275 | (1) |
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Box 9.1 Are sperm always cheap? |
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276 | (2) |
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A Reversal in Sex Differences |
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278 | (4) |
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9.2 Intrasexual Selection and Competition for Mates |
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282 | (10) |
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Competition and Access to Mates |
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283 | (1) |
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Conditional Mating Tactics versus Alternative Mating Strategies |
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284 | (4) |
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288 | (2) |
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290 | (2) |
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9.3 Intersexual Selection and Mate Choice |
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292 | (13) |
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Female Mate Choice: Direct versus Indirect Benefits |
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292 | (6) |
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Box 9.2 Sexual selection in the peacock |
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298 | (4) |
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302 | (1) |
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Signal Evolution: Runaway versus Chase-Away Sexual Selection |
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303 | (2) |
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305 | (8) |
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The Manipulation of Female Choice |
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306 | (1) |
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Box 9.3 Can there be sexual conflict among hermaphrodites? |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (5) |
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313 | (44) |
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10.1 Monogamy: A Lack of Multiple Mating |
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315 | (7) |
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315 | (3) |
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Monogamy and Biparental Care |
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318 | (4) |
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10.2 Polyandry: Multiple Mating by Females |
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322 | (16) |
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Female versus Male Control of Mating |
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322 | (1) |
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Box 10.1 Sexual parasitism, dwarf males, and the evolution of gigolos |
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323 | (4) |
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Indirect versus Direct Benefits |
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327 | (2) |
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Box 10.2 Extra-pair paternity and good genes in birds |
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329 | (6) |
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Box 10.3 Infanticide risk and the evolution of animal mating systems |
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335 | (3) |
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10.3 Polygyny: Multiple Mating by Males |
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338 | (14) |
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339 | (2) |
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Resource Defense Polygyny |
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341 | (4) |
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345 | (4) |
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Scramble Competition Polygyny |
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349 | (2) |
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Box 10.4 Lekking females in a sex-role reversed pipefish |
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351 | (1) |
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10.4 Polygynandry and Promiscuity: Multiple Mating by Both Sexes |
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352 | (5) |
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353 | (1) |
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353 | (4) |
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357 | (40) |
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11.1 Offspring Value and Parental Investment |
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358 | (10) |
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358 | (4) |
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Parental Favoritism in Offspring Care and Production |
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362 | (3) |
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365 | (3) |
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11.2 To Care or Not to Care |
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368 | (13) |
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Current versus Future Reproduction |
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369 | (2) |
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Sexual Conflict and Parental Care |
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371 | (2) |
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Box 11.1 Why do females provide all of the care in treehoppers? |
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373 | (1) |
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Maternal versus Paternal Care |
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374 | (3) |
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Box 11.2 Reactions of nest-defending bluegill males to potential egg and fry predators under two conditions |
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377 | (4) |
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11.3 (Non-)Discriminating Parental Care |
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381 | (16) |
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Offspring Recognition and Interspecific Brood Parasitism |
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381 | (2) |
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Box 11.3 Why do parents in some species adopt genetic strangers of their own species? |
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383 | (2) |
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Coevolutionary Arms Races |
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385 | (5) |
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The Evolution of Brood Parasitism |
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390 | (7) |
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12 Principles of Social Evolution |
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397 | (32) |
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Box 12.1 Can plants exhibit eusociality? |
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399 | (1) |
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Box 12.2 The major evolutionary transitions |
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400 | (1) |
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12.1 Altruism and Levels of Selection |
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401 | (5) |
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Individual versus Group Selection |
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402 | (1) |
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403 | (1) |
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Box 12.3 Calculating genetic relatedness |
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404 | (2) |
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12.2 Kin Selection and Inclusive Fitness Theory |
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406 | (15) |
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Box 12.4 Altruism in amoebae |
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408 | (2) |
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Haplodiploidy and the Evolution of Eusociality |
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410 | (3) |
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Inclusive Fitness and Monogamy |
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413 | (1) |
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Box 12.5 Division of labor in clonal trematode flatworms |
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414 | (3) |
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Sterility and Caste Differentiation |
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417 | (4) |
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12.3 Social Conflict in Animal Societies |
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421 | (8) |
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422 | (3) |
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Consequences of Social Conflict |
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425 | (4) |
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13 Social Behavior and Sociality |
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429 | (36) |
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13.1 Forms of Social Behavior |
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430 | (13) |
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431 | (1) |
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Box 13.1 How do groups of animals decid' where to go? |
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432 | (3) |
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Box 13.2 Social network analysis |
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435 | (2) |
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437 | (4) |
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441 | (2) |
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Box 13.3 The microbiota living inside animals can influence their host's behavior |
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443 | (1) |
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13.2 The Evolution of Cooperative Breeding |
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443 | (11) |
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Direct versus Indirect Benefits |
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445 | (1) |
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Box 13.4 Mobbing and kinship in groups of Siberian jays |
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446 | (4) |
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Costs of Breeding Cooperatively |
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450 | (3) |
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Individual Differences in Cooperative Behavior |
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453 | (1) |
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13.3 Reproductive Conflict |
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454 | (11) |
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Social Organization and Reproductive Skew |
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455 | (1) |
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Box 13.5 Why do males and females both have elaborate traits in social species? |
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456 | (2) |
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Reproductive Suppression and Senescence |
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458 | (7) |
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465 | (2) |
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14.1 Human Speech and Complex Language |
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467 | (9) |
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The Development and Evolutionary History of Human Speech |
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467 | (1) |
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Box 14.1 Do energetic demands explain why humans have such large brains? |
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468 | (2) |
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Box 14.2 Ethical studies of humans and other animals |
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470 | (2) |
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The Neurophysiology of Human Speech |
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472 | (2) |
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The Adaptive Value of Human Speech |
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474 | (2) |
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14.2 Human Reproductive Behavior |
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476 | (1) |
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477 | (4) |
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Box 14.3 Female choice and the features of dominant versus attractive men |
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481 | (2) |
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Box 14.4 Human mate choice in an online world |
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483 | (5) |
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Social Conflict in Humans |
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488 | (1) |
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Box 14.5 Sexual selection and the evolution of facial hair in men |
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489 | |
Glossary |
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1 | (1) |
References |
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1 | (1) |
Index |
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1 | |