About the Authors |
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iv | |
Preface |
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v | |
User's Guide |
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viii | |
Reviewers |
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xii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xiii | |
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Unit I Introduction to Anatomy, Physiology, and the Manual Therapies |
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Chapter 1 Applying Anatomy and Physiology to the Practice of Manual Therapy |
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2 | (14) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (3) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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Holistic View of Homeostasis |
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6 | (2) |
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Benefits and Physiologic Effects of Manual Therapy |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (8) |
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Chapter 2 The Body and Its Terminology |
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16 | (18) |
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18 | (4) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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19 | (3) |
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Common Anatomical Terminology |
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22 | (6) |
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Prefixes, Suffixes, and Word Roots |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (3) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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Pathology Basics: Classifications and Terminology |
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28 | (6) |
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Classifications of Disease |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (5) |
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Unit II Cells, Tissues, and Membranes |
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Chapter 3 Chemistry, Cells, and Tissues |
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34 | (22) |
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Chemical Components of Cells |
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36 | (3) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (2) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (5) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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Cell Division and Differentiation |
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45 | (1) |
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Types of Tissue in the Body |
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46 | (6) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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Tissue Repair and Regeneration |
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52 | (4) |
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Chapter 4 Body Membranes and the Integumentary System |
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56 | (20) |
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58 | (2) |
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Connective Tissue Membranes |
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58 | (1) |
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Epithelial Tissue Membranes |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (5) |
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61 | (3) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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Accessory Organs of the Skin |
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65 | (3) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (2) |
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Linking the Integumentary and Nervous Systems |
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68 | (2) |
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Skin Conditions and Diseases |
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70 | (3) |
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Common Contagious Skin Disorders |
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71 | (1) |
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Common Noncontagious Skin Disorders |
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72 | (1) |
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Aging and the Integumentary System |
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73 | (3) |
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Unit III Framework and Movement |
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Chapter 5 The Skeletal System |
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76 | (40) |
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Functions of the Skeletal System |
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78 | (3) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (2) |
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Bone Tissue and Structure |
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81 | (4) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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Bone Classifications by Shape |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (2) |
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Bones and Their Landmarks |
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85 | (16) |
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General Landmark Terminology |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (4) |
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90 | (2) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (3) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (3) |
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101 | (1) |
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101 | (7) |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (4) |
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108 | (1) |
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Aging and the Skeletal System |
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108 | (8) |
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Chapter 6 The Skeletal Muscle System |
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116 | (48) |
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Characteristics and Functions of Skeletal Muscle |
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118 | (1) |
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Structure of Skeletal Muscle |
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118 | (4) |
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118 | (1) |
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Connective Tissue Components |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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Physiology of Muscle Contraction |
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122 | (1) |
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Sliding Filament Mechanism |
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122 | (1) |
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The Motor Unit: Stimulating Muscle Contraction |
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123 | (1) |
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123 | (3) |
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123 | (2) |
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Anaerobic Cellular Metabolism |
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125 | (1) |
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Aerobic Cellular Metabolism |
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125 | (1) |
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Muscle Fatigue and Oxygen Debt |
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126 | (1) |
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Types of Muscle Contraction |
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126 | (2) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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Twitch and Tetanic Contraction |
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128 | (1) |
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Movement and Muscle Assignments |
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128 | (7) |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (4) |
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133 | (1) |
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Muscle Assignments during Movement |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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Major Muscles of the Body |
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135 | (21) |
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135 | (1) |
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Muscles of the Head and Face |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (2) |
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Muscles of the Chest and Abdomen |
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140 | (2) |
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142 | (3) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (2) |
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148 | (2) |
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Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (3) |
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Exercise, Aging, and the Muscular System |
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156 | (8) |
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Unit IV Communication and Control |
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Chapter 7 The Nervous System |
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164 | (46) |
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Functional Organization of the Nervous System |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (4) |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (6) |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (3) |
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176 | (5) |
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176 | (2) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (1) |
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179 | (1) |
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Neuronal Pools and Circuits |
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180 | (1) |
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The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory Structures and Functions |
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181 | (6) |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (3) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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Mechanoreceptors in the Ear |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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The Central Nervous System: Integrative Structures and Functions |
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187 | (9) |
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Meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (1) |
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Dorsal and Ventral Nerve Roots |
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190 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (2) |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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The Peripheral Nervous System: Motor Structures and Functions |
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196 | (4) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (2) |
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198 | (1) |
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198 | (2) |
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The Nervous System at Work |
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200 | (5) |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (1) |
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Aging and the Nervous System |
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205 | (5) |
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Chapter 8 Neuromuscular and Myofascial Connections |
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210 | (24) |
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212 | (6) |
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212 | (1) |
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Stretch Reflex and Gamma Gain |
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212 | (5) |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (6) |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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Horizontal Bands and Planes |
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219 | (3) |
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Mechanical Properties of Fascia |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (4) |
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Fascia as a Sensory Organ |
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225 | (2) |
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Intrafascial Smooth Muscle Cells |
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227 | (1) |
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Posture, Balance, and Coordinated Movement |
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228 | (6) |
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228 | (1) |
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Postural and Phasic Muscles |
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229 | (5) |
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Chapter 9 The Endocrine System |
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234 | (22) |
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236 | (4) |
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Mechanisms of Hormone Action |
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237 | (2) |
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Control of Hormone Secretion |
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239 | (1) |
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Endocrine Glands and Tissues |
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240 | (9) |
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The Brain: Hypothalamus, Pituitary, and Pineal Glands |
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240 | (2) |
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Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex |
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245 | (1) |
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Hormones of the Adrenal Medulla |
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246 | (2) |
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248 | (1) |
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Prostaglandins and Other Local Hormones |
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248 | (1) |
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The Stress Response: Linking the Nervous and Endocrine Systems |
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249 | (3) |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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Aging and the Endocrine System |
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252 | (4) |
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Unit V Circulation and Body Defense |
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Chapter 10 The Cardiovascular System |
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256 | (30) |
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258 | (3) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (5) |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (3) |
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266 | (7) |
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Heart Chambers, the Great Vessels, and Valves |
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267 | (1) |
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Blood Flow through the Heart |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (2) |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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Circulation and Dynamics of Blood Flow |
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273 | (5) |
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273 | (2) |
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Capillary Flow and Exchange |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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Regulation of Circulation |
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276 | (2) |
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Inflammation and Tissue Healing |
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278 | (2) |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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Aging and the Cardiovascular System |
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280 | (6) |
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Chapter 11 The Lymphatic System |
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286 | (20) |
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Fluid Dynamics of the Body |
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288 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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290 | (3) |
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291 | (2) |
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Primary Vessels: Lymphangia |
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293 | (1) |
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Lymphatic Trunks and Deep Ducts |
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293 | (1) |
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293 | (3) |
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Structure of the Lymph Nodes |
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295 | (1) |
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Lymph Node Beds: Catchments |
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295 | (1) |
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Lymph Formation and Movement |
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296 | (5) |
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Pre-Lymphatic Channels and Fluid Uptake |
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297 | (1) |
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297 | (2) |
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Lymphotomes and Watersheds |
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299 | (2) |
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301 | (5) |
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Edema from Cardiovascular Dysfunction |
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301 | (1) |
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Edema from Lymphatic Dysfunction |
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302 | (1) |
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Edema from Soft Tissue Damage |
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302 | (4) |
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Chapter 12 Immunity and Healing |
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306 | (18) |
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Organs and Tissues of the Immune System |
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308 | (3) |
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Primary Lymphoid Organs and Tissues |
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309 | (1) |
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs and Tissues |
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309 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue |
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310 | (1) |
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Nonspecific Immune Defenses |
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311 | (3) |
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311 | (1) |
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311 | (1) |
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Internal Antimicrobial Proteins |
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311 | (1) |
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Phagocytes and Natural Killer Cells |
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312 | (1) |
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312 | (2) |
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Specific Immune Responses |
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314 | (2) |
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Antibody-Mediated Immune Responses |
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314 | (1) |
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Cell-Mediated Immune Responses |
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315 | (1) |
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316 | (2) |
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Naturally Acquired Immunity |
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317 | (1) |
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Artificially Acquired Immunity |
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317 | (1) |
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Aging and the Immune System |
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318 | (2) |
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318 | (1) |
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Peptide Communication Network |
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319 | (1) |
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Thoughts on Holistic Healing |
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320 | (4) |
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Unit VI Metabolic Processes, Elimination, and Reproduction |
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Chapter 13 The Respiratory System |
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324 | (18) |
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Structures of the Respiratory System |
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326 | (5) |
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327 | (1) |
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327 | (1) |
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327 | (2) |
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329 | (1) |
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329 | (1) |
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Alveoli and the Respiratory Membrane |
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330 | (1) |
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Ventilation and Respiration |
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331 | (4) |
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331 | (1) |
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332 | (3) |
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Control and Regulation of Breathing |
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335 | (2) |
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Aging and the Respiratory System |
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337 | (5) |
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Chapter 14 The Digestive System |
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342 | (22) |
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Functions of the Digestive System |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (9) |
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Layers of the Digestive Tract |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (2) |
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348 | (1) |
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348 | (2) |
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350 | (3) |
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353 | (1) |
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Accessory Digestive Organs |
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354 | (2) |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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Metabolism and Basic Nutrition |
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356 | (3) |
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356 | (1) |
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357 | (1) |
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357 | (2) |
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359 | (1) |
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359 | (1) |
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359 | (1) |
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Aging and the Digestive System |
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360 | (4) |
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Chapter 15 The Urinary System |
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364 | (12) |
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Components of the Urinary System |
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366 | (3) |
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366 | (2) |
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368 | (1) |
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Role of the Urinary System in Fluid Management |
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369 | (2) |
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Urine Formation and Composition |
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371 | (3) |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (2) |
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373 | (1) |
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Aging and the Urinary System |
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374 | (2) |
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Chapter 16 The Reproductive System |
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376 | (16) |
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Common Structures and Physiology |
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378 | (1) |
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378 | (3) |
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379 | (1) |
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379 | (1) |
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379 | (2) |
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381 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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Female Reproductive System |
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381 | (4) |
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381 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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Fallopian Tubes, Uterus, and Vagina |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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385 | (4) |
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Fertilization and Implantation |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (4) |
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389 | (1) |
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Aging and the Reproductive System |
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389 | (3) |
Appendix A Benefits and physiologic Effects of Swedish Massage |
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392 | (3) |
Appendix B Innervation of Major Skeletal Muscles |
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395 | (5) |
Appendix C Answer Key |
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400 | (18) |
Glossary |
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418 | (26) |
Figure Credit List |
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444 | (3) |
Index |
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447 | |