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E-grāmata: Attention and Emotion (Classic Edition): A clinical perspective

(University of Central Florida, USA), (University of Manchester, UK)
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This is a Classic Edition of Adrian Wells and Gerald Matthews’ award-winning textbook on attention and emotion, which now includes new section introductions. The book won the British Psychological Society book award in 1998, and is now widely seen as a classic in the field of emotional disorders. Attention and Emotion: A Clinical Perspective critically reviews the literature on attention and emotion, and offers an integrative cognitive attentional model of the development and maintenance of emotional disorders. The authors also discuss the implications for clinical practice of attentional theories of emotional dysfunction. In the new section introductions, the authors reflect on the influence of their ground-breaking model and the subsequent developments in the field, 20 years since the book was first published. The book will continue to be essential reading for students, researchers and professionals with an interest in disorders of attention and emotion.

Recenzijas

The impact of the publication of Attention and Emotion twenty years ago cannot be underestimated. It systematized accumulating empirical evidence in the emerging field of emotion-cognition interactions. It provided a structured framework to integrate these data, as well as a theoretical model to guide and stimulate research and the development of clinical applications. One of the many strong features of that work was and remains to anchor cognition-emotion research in a precise understanding of the cognitive architecture. Twenty years later most of the issues initially introduced in that ground breaking book are at the heart of current research on emotion and cognition. The original text is just as relevant as it was. The key topics of attentional bias, thinking styles, strategic processing and emotion are still at the forefront of current research. Their importance was presciently established in Attention and Emotion twenty years ago. These concepts have also had a significant impact on clinical practice, with the development of interventions now documented as being effective. The introduction to the new edition clearly synthesizes the progress that has been made since the original publication of the book. It highlights the many topics that are still relevant in current research and practice and brilliantly identifies avenues that remain to be investigated. Attention and Emotion is a must read for anybody interested in the interaction between cognition and emotion both in healthy and clinical populations. Isabelle Blanchette, Université du Québec ą Trois-Rivičres, Canada.

Praise for the 1st edition:'A major contribution to the study of cognition and emotion. In addition to an authoritative and extremely comprehensive review of the literature, the authors present us with an innovative theory which places strategic processes, self-focussed attention and meta-cognitive beliefs in centre stage. Thought provoking and rewarding, this book has much to interest emotion researchers, students and clinicians'. David M Clark, University of Oxford, UK

'This book presents the most thorough and detailed review yet written of the complex area of attention and emotion. The authors have comprehensively examined the extensive research literature and have original and insightful comments to make about almost every study and article they discuss. Despite working in the area for a number of years I found myself being forced to view familiar studies and ideas in a new light and one can ask nothing more from a book than this!' Tim Dalgleish, MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge University, UK The impact of the publication of Attention and Emotion twenty years ago cannot be underestimated. It systematized accumulating empirical evidence in the emerging field of emotion-cognition interactions. It provided a structured framework to integrate these data, as well as a theoretical model to guide and stimulate research and the development of clinical applications. One of the many strong features of that work was and remains to anchor cognition-emotion research in a precise understanding of the cognitive architecture. Twenty years later most of the issues initially introduced in that ground breaking book are at the heart of current research on emotion and cognition. The original text is just as relevant as it was. The key topics of attentional bias, thinking styles, strategic processing and emotion are still at the forefront of current research. Their importance was presciently established in Attention and Emotion twenty years ago. These concepts have also had a significant impact on clinical practice, with the development of interventions now documented as being effective. The introduction to the new edition clearly synthesizes the progress that has been made since the original publication of the book. It highlights the many topics that are still relevant in current research and practice and brilliantly identifies avenues that remain to be investigated. Attention and Emotion is a must read for anybody interested in the interaction between cognition and emotion both in healthy and clinical populations. Isabelle Blanchette, Université du Québec ą Trois-Rivičres, Canada.

Praise for the 1st edition:'A major contribution to the study of cognition and emotion. In addition to an authoritative and extremely comprehensive review of the literature, the authors present us with an innovative theory which places strategic processes, self-focussed attention and meta-cognitive beliefs in centre stage. Thought provoking and rewarding, this book has much to interest emotion researchers, students and clinicians'. David M Clark, University of Oxford, UK

'This book presents the most thorough and detailed review yet written of the complex area of attention and emotion. The authors have comprehensively examined the extensive research literature and have original and insightful comments to make about almost every study and article they discuss. Despite working in the area for a number of years I found myself being forced to view familiar studies and ideas in a new light and one can ask nothing more from a book than this!' Tim Dalgleish, MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge University, UK

Acknowledgements xiii
Introduction to the Classic Edition: A brief history of developments xiv
1 Introduction: Cognitive theory of emotional disorders
1(14)
Beck's cognitive theory
2(3)
The role of behaviour in cognitive theory
5(2)
Cognitive model of panic
7(1)
Clinical models and scientific theory
7(1)
Experimental psychology of attention and emotion
8(5)
Plan of the book
13(2)
Part I Emotion, attention and information processing 15(110)
2 Attention: Basic conceptual and theoretical issues
17(22)
The search for a bottleneck
18(3)
Capacity models of attention
21(4)
Levels of control of attention
25(8)
Connectionism and attention
33(3)
Conclusions
36(3)
3 Attention: Selection of complex, personally significant and emotional stimuli
39(14)
Selection by schemas
39(3)
Automaticity and social knowledge
42(5)
Attention and affective information
47(3)
Conclusions
50(3)
4 Attentional bias in emotional disorders
53(30)
Depression
55(3)
Generalised anxiety
58(8)
Attentional bias in other anxiety disorders
66(3)
Anxiety and depression effects on other tasks
69(5)
Factors moderating the incidence of emotional bias
74(6)
Conclusions
80(3)
5 Affective bias in attention: Theoretical issues
83(22)
Network models of affective bias: Bower (1981; 1987)
84(3)
Information-processing models of bias: Williams et al. (1988)
87(14)
Conclusions
101(4)
6 Emotional disorders: Attentional deficit
105(20)
Attention deficits in depression
105(3)
Obsessive-compulsive states
108(3)
Anxiety, depression and the efficiency of attention in non-clinical samples
111(4)
Theoretical issues
115(1)
Performance deficit and cognitive content: Test-anxiety research
116(3)
Depressed mood
119(2)
Lack of energy
121(2)
Conclusions
123(2)
Part II Cognitive content and process in emotional disorder 125(106)
7 Attentional content: Distressing intrusive thoughts
127(16)
Varieties of thought in emotional disorders
127(4)
The content of thought in anxiety and depression
131(1)
Dimensions of worry and their measurement
132(2)
Thought management: Are some strategies counterproductive?
134(3)
Meta-cognitive beliefs and negative thinking
137(1)
Intrusions, obsessions and thought control
138(1)
The role of attention in theoretical accounts of worry
139(2)
Conclusions
141(2)
8 Interactionist approaches to stress
143(28)
The transactional theory of stress
143(11)
Social aspects of stress processes
154(7)
Stress, arousal and performance
161(3)
Error and cognitive failures
164(5)
Conclusions
169(2)
9 Self-focused attention
171(27)
Definition and measurement of self-focus
172(5)
Causes of self-focus
177(2)
Consequences of self-focus
179(5)
Self-focus and psychopathology
184(1)
Self-focus and depression
185(3)
Self-focus and anxiety
188(7)
Addictive behaviours: Alcohol and drug use
195(1)
Conclusions
196(2)
10 Attention manipulations: Moderating influences in treatment?
198(16)
Distraction and depression
199(2)
Distraction and anxiety
201(6)
Emotional processing and attention
207(2)
Attentional training
209(2)
Eye-movement desensitisation
211(1)
Conclusions
212(2)
11 Attentional disorder: Cause or consequence of emotional problems?
214(17)
Experimental studies
215(2)
Longitudinal studies of depression, anxiety and cognition
217(2)
Longitudinal studies of depression: Conclusions
219(2)
Longitudinal studies of anxiety
221(1)
Studies comparing trait and state effects
222(4)
Studies of recovered patients
226(3)
Conclusions
229(2)
Part III New theoretical model and clinical implications 231(66)
12 Theoretical integration
233(28)
Self-attention and emotional distress
233(1)
The cognitive-attentional syndrome
234(1)
An integrative attentional model of emotional distress
234(2)
Effects of SREF processing on attention and self-knowledge
236(2)
Factors affecting choice and control of action
238(6)
Emotional distress
244(1)
The effect of distraction in treatment: A new perspective
245(4)
Explanations for attentional phenomena
249(2)
Automatisation
251(2)
Explaining performance data: Consequences of biasing of plans
253(4)
Consequences of resource limitation
257(2)
Summary of the model
259(2)
13 Clinical implications
261(15)
Behavioural and cognitive therapies
261(3)
Accounting for existing therapy effects in the SREF model
264(3)
New implications for cognitive therapy
267(4)
Secondary "emotion"
271(1)
Stimulus considerations in treatment
272(1)
Modifying on-line SREF activity
272(1)
Procedures and goals
273(1)
Conclusions: A summary of specific treatment implications
273(3)
14 Conclusions
276(21)
Overview of theoretical issues
276(5)
Further experimental research
281(4)
The role of psychobiological processes
285(6)
Clinical issues
291(6)
References 297(40)
Index 337
Adrian Wells is Professor of Clinical and Experimental Psychopathology at the University of Manchester, UK. His research interests are in the areas of cognitive theory and therapy and emotional disorders. He has made major contributions to treatments for anxiety disorders and he is the originator of Metacognitive Therapy (MCT). His treatments are included in NHS NICE guidelines.

Gerald Matthews is Research Professor at the Institute for Simulation and Training, University of Central Florida, USA. His research focuses on human factors, cognitive models of personality and individual differences, and task-induced states of stress and fatigue.