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E-grāmata: Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment

(Emeritus Professor, Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Jan-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128155455
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Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing ImpairmentPalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Jan-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128155455
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The Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment provides an overview of the interaction between age-related hearing impairments and cognitive brain function. This monograph elucidates the techniques used in the connectome and other brain-network studies based on electrophysiological methods. Discussions of the manifestations of age-related hearing impairment, the causes of degradation of sound processing, compensatory changes in the human brain, and rehabilitation and intervention are included. There is currently a surge in content on aging and hearing loss, the benefits of hearing aids and implants, and the correlation between hearing loss, cognitive decline and early onset of dementia.

Given the changing demographics, treatment of age-related hearing impairment need not just be bottom-up (i.e., by amplification and/or cochlear implantation), but also top-down by addressing the impact of the changing brain on communication. The role of age-related capacity for audio-visual integration and its role in assisting treatment have only recently been investigated, thus this area needs more attention.

  • Relates the techniques used in the connectome and other brain-network studies to the human auditory-cortex and age-related hearing loss research findings
  • Examines the side effects of age-related hearing impairment and their impact on the quality of life for the elderly
  • Evaluates the importance of multi-modal means in the rehabilitation of the elderly with hearing aids and cochlear implants
  • Discusses the role of neurostimulation and various training procedures to halt, or potentially reverse, cognitive decline in the elderly
Preface ix
Abbreviations xiii
I MANIFESTATIONS OF AGE-RELATED HEARING IMPAIRMENT
1 Hearing and the Auditory Brain in the Elderly
3(24)
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 Tracking Age-Related Hearing Impairment
4(8)
1.3 Auditory Evoked Potentials Across the Lifespan
12(1)
1.4 Auditory Brain Changes With Age
13(7)
1.5 Prevalence and Incidence of Tinnitus Across the Lifespan
20(2)
1.6 Summary
22(5)
References
23(4)
2 Age-Related Changes in Auditory Sensation
27(22)
2.1 Life-Span Changes in Hearing Acuity
27(6)
2.2 Changes in Audiogram Phenotypes
33(4)
2.3 Structural Changes in the Human Cochlea With Age
37(2)
2.4 Otoacoustic Emissions and Auditory Brainstem Responses
39(3)
2.5 Effects of the Efferent System on the Auditory Periphery
42(3)
2.6 Summary
45(4)
References
45(4)
3 Age-Related Changes in Auditory Perception
49(20)
3.1 Understanding Speech in Noise
49(9)
3.2 Aging and Central Deficits in Speech Processing
58(4)
3.3 Effects of the Efferent System on Speech Perception
62(2)
3.4 Summary
64(5)
References
65(4)
4 Aging, Cognition, and Dementia
69(32)
4.1 Interaction Between Hearing Impairment and Cognition
69(6)
4.2 Interaction Between Cognitive Decline and Temporal Processing
75(3)
4.3 Listening Effort
78(7)
4.4 Age-Related Hearing Impairment and Dementia
85(6)
4.5 Detailing the Role of Age-Related Hearing Impairment
91(2)
4.6 Summary
93(8)
References
93(8)
II CAUSES FOR DEGRADATION OF SOUND PROCESSING
5 Temporal Processing Deficits in Aging and the Role of Cognition
101(24)
5.1 Mechanisms That Could Cause a Decrease in Processing Speed
101(1)
5.2 Psychoacoustics
102(9)
5.3 Electrophysiology
111(10)
5.4 Summary
121(4)
References
122(3)
6 Genetic and Environmental Factors in Age-Related Hearing Impairment
125(24)
6.1 Genetic Risk Factors
125(8)
6.2 Environmental Risk Factors for Presbycusis
133(2)
6.3 Age-Related Hearing Impairment: Links to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and "Hidden Hearing Loss"
135(4)
6.4 Age-Related Hearing Impairment and Nontraumatic Noise Exposure
139(3)
6.5 Summary
142(7)
References
143(6)
7 Animal Models of Auditory Aging
149(32)
7.1 Changes in Cochlea and Auditory Nerve
149(5)
7.2 Changes in the Cochlear Nucleus and Inferior Colliculus
154(2)
7.3 Receptive Field Changes in the Auditory Cortex
156(2)
7.4 Interaction Between Aging and Noise Exposure
158(1)
7.5 Neural Transmitter and Receptor Changes With Age
159(3)
7.6 Effects of Aging on Temporal Processing
162(8)
7.7 The Protective Role of the Efferent System
170(2)
7.8 Summary
172(9)
References
173(8)
III COMPENSATORY CHANGES IN THE AGING BRAIN
8 Changes in the Brain Connectome With Age
181(24)
8.1 Estimating Brain Network Structure From Connectivity
181(2)
8.2 Resting-State Activity in the Brain
183(7)
8.3 Electrophysiology-Based Assessments of Brain Connectivity
190(5)
8.4 Brain Networks in Aging
195(5)
8.5 Summary
200(5)
References
201(4)
9 Age-Related Electrophysiological Changes in the Auditory Brain
205(24)
9.1 Brainstem and Midbrain Responses in Normal-Hearing Elderly
205(4)
9.2 Obligatory Cortical Responses in Normal-Hearing Elderly
209(5)
9.3 Preattentive and Task-Dependent Cortical Responses
214(7)
9.4 Aging Musicians
221(1)
9.5 The Occasional Discrepancy Between Behavior and Electrophysiology
222(1)
9.6 Summary
223(6)
References
224(5)
IV REHABILITATION AND INTERVENTION
10 Improving Quality of Life With Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants
229(26)
10.1 Hearing Aids
229(9)
10.2 Cochlear Implants
238(5)
10.3 Auditory Learning as an Aid to Rehabilitation
243(6)
10.4 Summary
249(6)
References
250(5)
Appendix: A Primer on Auditory Evoked Potentials and Magnetic Fields 255(14)
Index 269
Dr. Jos J. Eggermont is an Emeritus Professor in the Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Psychology at the University of Calgary in Alberta, Canada. Dr. Eggermont is one of the most renowned scientists in the field of the auditory system and his work has contributed substantially to the current knowledge about hearing loss. His research comprises most aspects of audition with an emphasis on the electrophysiology of the auditory system in experimental animals. He has published over 225 scientific articles, authored/edited 10 books, and contributed to over 100 book chapters all focusing on the auditory system.
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