Preface |
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ix | |
The Beginning Translator's Basic Terminology |
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xiii | |
Preliminary Remarks Linguistics and Metalinguistics |
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xvii | |
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Chapter 1 Translation Units |
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What are translation units and what is their purpose? |
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1 | (1) |
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Lexical translation units |
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2 | (2) |
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Grammatical translation units |
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4 | (1) |
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Extended translation units |
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5 | (1) |
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Delineation of translation units |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (7) |
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Chapter 2 Words in Context |
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Polysemy: Words and their semantic range |
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15 | (2) |
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Literal vs. figurative meaning |
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17 | (1) |
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Standard language vs. language of specialty Gender problems |
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18 | (1) |
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Dictionaries and thesauri |
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19 | (2) |
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Computer translation and the problem of polysemy Exercises |
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21 | (6) |
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Chapter 3 Deceptive Cognates |
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27 | (1) |
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Cognates and deceptive cognates Partial faux amis |
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28 | (2) |
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Unrelated similar looking words List of common deceptive cognates |
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30 | (6) |
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36 | (5) |
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Chapter 4 Translation Techniques |
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Main problems in translation: What strategies do translators have at their disposal? |
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41 | (1) |
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The various translation techniques |
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42 | (3) |
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What is a borrowing and what is its purpose? |
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45 | (1) |
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Examples of linguistic deficiencies |
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46 | (2) |
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French and English: a history of mutual borrowing Lexical fields of borrowing |
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48 | (2) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (4) |
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57 | (1) |
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Semantic and structural calques |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (2) |
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Calque vs. borrowing Exercises |
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61 | (4) |
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Chapter 7 Literal Translation and Structural Obstacles to Literal translation |
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What is a literal translation? |
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65 | (2) |
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Structural obstacles to literal translation |
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67 | (2) |
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Differences in word order |
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69 | (2) |
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Gallicisms and anglicisms |
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71 | (1) |
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Special problems with verb tenses |
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72 | (3) |
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Problems with French pronominal verbs |
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75 | (2) |
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77 | (6) |
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83 | (1) |
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Some examples of necessary transpositions |
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84 | (1) |
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Examples of optional transpositions |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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Transpositions with postpositional adverbs |
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86 | (1) |
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Sampler of transpositions across various grammatical categories Cross transposition |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (8) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (5) |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (2) |
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Necessary and optional modulations |
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Modulation with transposition |
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107 | (2) |
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109 | (8) |
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117 | (1) |
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Exclamations and reflex formulas |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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Greetings and letter closings |
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120 | (1) |
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Slang and slang expressions |
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121 | (1) |
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Official signs and warnings |
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122 | (2) |
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References to a common socio-cultural heritage |
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124 | (9) |
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133 | (1) |
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Linguistic deficiency and compensation |
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134 | (1) |
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Adaptation in traditions, usages and institutions |
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135 | (7) |
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142 | (5) |
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Chapter 12 Applying Translators' Techniques to Literary Texts |
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147 | (4) |
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151 | (3) |
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154 | (4) |
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158 | (4) |
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162 | (5) |
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Chapter 13 Translating Titles |
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167 | (2) |
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Translation techniques applied to the translation of titles |
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169 | (4) |
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173 | (6) |
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Chapter 14 Guidelines for the Translation of Literary Prose |
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Sticking to the text vs. demonstrating originality |
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179 | (2) |
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What are the basic guidelines to follow for a successful literary translation? |
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181 | (3) |
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Text samples, guiding notes and suggested translations |
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184 | (19) |
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Chapter 15 Guidelines for the Translation of Dialogues and Plays |
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Problems specific to the translation of dialogues and plays |
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203 | (1) |
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Equivalence as the preferred translation technique for dialogues |
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204 | (1) |
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Use of a specific vocabulary |
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205 | (2) |
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Text samples, guiding notes and suggested translations |
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207 | (18) |
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Chapter 16 Guidelines for the Translation of Poetry |
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Poetry translation: a difficult but creative enterprise |
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225 | (1) |
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Is poetry translation the reserved domain of poets? |
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The different levels of poetry translation |
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226 | (1) |
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How to proceed with the translation of a poem |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (2) |
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Poem samples and suggested translations |
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231 | (6) |
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Chapter 17 Guidelines for the Translation of Non-Literary Texts |
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237 | (1) |
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Non-literary and specialty languages |
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238 | (1) |
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Taking liberties with sentence structure |
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239 | (2) |
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Improving on the original |
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241 | (1) |
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Conventions in newspapers and magazines |
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242 | (2) |
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Cultural references in newspapers and magazines |
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244 | (2) |
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Sample of newspaper and magazine articles, guiding notes and suggested translations |
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246 | (19) |
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Chapter 18 Guidelines for the Translation of Ads |
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Ads and cultural references |
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265 | (2) |
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Advice for the translation of ads |
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267 | (2) |
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A sampler of ad translations |
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269 | (6) |
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Appendix The Translator's Tools |
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Dictionaries, specialized dictionaries, websites, books on translation studies |
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275 | (14) |
Index |
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289 | |