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E-grāmata: Between Reason and Revelation: Twin Wisdoms Reconciled

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I.B.Tauris in association with the Institute of Ismaili Studies

This is the first English translation of the final philosophical work of the great eleventh-century Ismaili thinker, poet, and Fatimid emissary, N sir-i Khusraw. Appointed from Cairo by command of the Fatimid Imam-caliph al-Mustansir to serve first as a d?'?, and then as the hujjat, for the entire region of Khur s n, he maintained his allegiance both to his mission and his Imam-caliph for the rest of his life, even when threatened and driven into exile. Written during his exile in Badakhsh n in the year 1070, N sir-i Khusraw here develops a powerful presentation of both Aristotelian philosophy and Ismaili exegesis, or ta'w l, and strives to show that they are ultimately in harmony. The work is presented as a learned commentary on a long philosophical poem, written in the previous century and sent to N sir by the am r of Badakhsh n, 'Al? b. al-Asad, who copied the poem out in his own hand from memory and asked the poet-philosopher to explicate it. In doing so, N sir ranges over a huge span of topics from logic and language to the nature of the physical world, from the spheres of the highest heavens to the plants and animals of the earthly realm, and, most importantly, hidden spiritual realities: the esoteric (b tin) as well as the exoteric (z hir) realms. He thus discusses the nature of God, the creation of human beings, and the mysteries concealed in the physical world, itself a reflection of a higher, transcendent realm.

Between Reason and Revelation: Twin Wisdoms Reconciled is an annotated translation of the Persian text prepared by Henry Corbin and Mohammed Mu'?n based on the single surviving manuscript of the work, now in the Süleymaniye Mosque Library in Istanbul. It is a work of great philosophical and spiritual insight, which is also a pioneering attempt to tackle difficult intellectual problems in the Persian language; it is at once lucid and lyrical, precise and speculative. N sirs influence has been immense as both a poet and a thinker, and the Kit b-i J mi' al-hikmatayn is his crowning work.
Illustrations
xi
Abbreviations xii
Introduction 1(22)
Translation of Kitab-i Jami' al-hikmatayn: The Book of Twin Wisdoms Reconciled
Exordium
19(4)
1 The Reason for the Composition of this Book; its Title
23(12)
2 The Qasida of Ahmad b. Hasan al-Jurjani
35(6)
3 On the Proof of the Creator's Existence with a Discussion of His Oneness, in Several Discourses
41(32)
a On the Creator's Existence
41(10)
b The Doctrine of the Dialectical Theologians of the Karramites on Tawhid
51(5)
c The Doctrine of the Theologians of the Mu'tazilite School on Tawhid
56(11)
d The Doctrine of the Metaphysical Philosophers on Tawhid
67(6)
4 Aristotle's Teaching on the Four Parts of Speech
73(8)
5 On Form, Property, Definition, and Description
81(14)
6 The Definition of `I'
95(6)
7 On the Body, on the Soul, on the Intelligence
101(2)
8 On the Seven Lights
103(6)
9 On Eternity, Truth, Pleasure, Life as it Passes, Perfection, and Occultation
109(8)
10 On Universal Nature
117(10)
11 On Angel, Pari, Demon
127(8)
12 A Commentary on `One'
135(6)
13 Of Species and Genus
141(6)
14 On Happiness and Unhappiness. And on Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
147(8)
15 Properties of Minerals, Animals, and Places
155(12)
16 On Language, Discourse, and Speech
167(4)
17 On Pre-Eternity, Duration, Eternity, and Eternity without End
171(4)
18 On the Moon's Properties
175(8)
19 On the Necessity of Human Education
183(6)
20 About ibda' (Origination)
189(16)
21 On the Emergence of the Species from the Individual
205(10)
22 On Intellect and Knowledge
215(4)
23 On the Difference between the Perceiver and the Act of Perception
219(4)
24 On the Creation of Heaven and Earth
223(8)
25 On the Circle, the Chicken, and the Egg
231(4)
26 On the Whole and the Part
235(4)
27 On Saturn, Seed of Spring
239(4)
28 On the Houses of the Sun and the Moon
243(14)
29 On the Influence of Auspicious and Ominous Stars on the Soul and the Body
257(4)
30 On Spiritual Father and Mother
261(4)
31 On Questions without Answers about the Properties of the Elements
265(6)
32 On the Poet's Resolve to Reply to his own Questions
271(4)
33 That the Learned Man is Alive, the Ignorant Man Dead
275(2)
34 Conclusion of the Book
277(4)
Bibliography 281(5)
Index 286
Eric Ormsby is Professor and Senior Research Associate at The Institute of Ismaili Studies, London. He was previously Director of Libraries at McGill University in Montreal, and Professor, and later Director, of McGill's Institute of Islamic Studies, from 1986 until 2005. He is the author of several books, most recently Ghazali: The Revival of Islam (Oxford, 2007), and many articles on Islamic philosophy, theology, and mysticism. From 1975 to 1983, he served as Curator of Islamic Manuscripts at Princeton University and co-authored (with Rudolf Mach) the Handlist of Arabic Manuscripts (New Series) in the Princeton University Library (Princeton, 1987). He is also a frequent contributor of essays and reviews on literature, history, and philosophy, as well as Islamic thought, to such publications as The New York Times Book Review, the Times Literary Supplement, and the New Criterion, among others.