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Biochar from Biomass and Waste: Fundamentals and Applications [Mīkstie vāki]

Edited by , Edited by , Edited by , Edited by (Full Professor and Director, Korea Biochar Research Center, Korea University

Chair and Program Director, Sustainable Waste Management Program, Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU)

Co-President, International ESG A)
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 462 pages, height x width: 235x191 mm, weight: 880 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Nov-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc
  • ISBN-10: 012811729X
  • ISBN-13: 9780128117293
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  • Cena: 124,93 €
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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 462 pages, height x width: 235x191 mm, weight: 880 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Nov-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc
  • ISBN-10: 012811729X
  • ISBN-13: 9780128117293
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

Biochar from Biomass and Waste: Fundamentals and Applications provides the fundamentals of biochar, such as its basic concepts, production technology and characterization methods, also including comprehensive examples for readers. This book includes information on state-of-art biochar application technologies in the fields of agriculture, energy and environmental sciences with step-by-step case studies. Biochar has received worldwide interests in the past decade because it encompasses high priority research areas, including bioenergy production, global warming mitigation and sustainable agriculture.

  • Offers comprehensive coverage of biochar production, characterization and modification methods
  • Provides global case studies covering a wide range of application fields, including environmental, agricultural, syngas and bio-oil
  • Covers the sustainability and future of biochar
List of Contributors
xi
PART I BIOCHAR PRODUCTION
1 Production and Formation of Biochar
Jechan Lee
Ajit K. Sarmah
Eilhann E. Kwon
1.1 Introduction
3(2)
1.2 Raw Materials of Biochar
5(1)
1.3 Processes for Biochar Production
6(5)
1.4 Mechanism of the Formation of Biochar
11(2)
1.5 Conclusions
13(1)
References
13(8)
PART II BIOCHAR CHARACTERIZATION
2 Physical Characteristics of Biochars and Their Effects on Soil Physical Properties
Shih-Hao Jien
2.1 Introduction
21(1)
2.2 Biochar Structure and Microstructure
22(4)
2.3 Soil Physical Properties of Biochar-Amended Soils
26(6)
2.4 Future Research
32(1)
References
33(4)
3 Elemental and Spectroscopic Characterization of Low-Temperature (350° C) Lignocellulosic- and Manure-Based Designer Biochars and Their Use as Soil Amendments
J.M. Novak
Mark G. Johnson
Disclaimer
37(1)
3.1 Introduction
37(1)
3.2 Biochar Definition
38(1)
3.3 Biochar Feedstocks
38(1)
3.4 Biochar Products
39(1)
3.5 General Characteristics of Biochars
40(1)
3.6 Low-Temperature Pyrolyzed Designer Biochars
41(13)
3.7 Comparison of Low versus High Temperature-Produced Biochars as a Soil Amendment
54(1)
3.8 Conclusions
55(1)
References
55(3)
Further Reading
58(1)
4 Modeling the Surface Chemistry of Biochars
Md. Samrat Alam
Daniel S. Alessi
4.1 Introduction
59(1)
4.2 Surface Complexation Modeling
60(3)
4.3 Spectroscopic and Calorimetric Approaches
63(2)
4.4 State of Biochar Surface Chemistry Modeling
65(2)
4.5 Outlook
67(1)
References
68(7)
PART III APPLICATIONS
5 Biochar for Mine-land Reclamation
James A. Ippolito
Liqiang Cui
J.M. Novak
Mark G. Johnson
Disclaimer
75(1)
5.1 Introduction
75(12)
5.2 Conclusions
87(1)
References
88(2)
Further Reading
90(1)
6 Potential of Biochar for Managing Metal Contaminated Areas, in Synergy With Phytomanagement or Other Management Options
Filip M.G. Tack
Caleb E. Egene
6.1 Introduction
91(2)
6.2 Metals and Metalloids in Soil
93(1)
6.3 Biochar as a Soil Amendment for Risk-Based Land Management
94(3)
6.4 Properties of Biochar in Relation to Trace Element Sorption
97(1)
6.5 Effects of Adding Biochar to Soil
98(3)
6.6 Management Options
101(3)
6.7 Field Experience to Date
104(1)
6.8 Conclusions
105(1)
References
105(8)
7 Biochar and Its Composites for Metal(loid) Removal From Aqueous Solutions
Lukastrakal
Martina Vitkova
Barbora Hudcova
Luke Beesley
Michael Komarek
7.1 Metal Sorption on Various Biochars
113(9)
7.2 Biochar Modifications
122(13)
7.3 Engineering Implications of Biochar and Its Modifications
135(1)
Acknowledgments
136(1)
References
136(5)
Further Reading
141(2)
8 Biochar for Anionic Contaminants Removal From Water
Xiaodian Li
Cheng Zhao
Ming Zhang
8.1 Anionic Contaminants in Watcr/Wastewater
143(2)
8.2 Sorption Properties of Biochar
145(7)
8.3 Biochar Sorption of Anionic Contaminants
152(3)
8.4 Factors Influencing the Sorption of Anionic Contaminants
155(2)
8.5 Conclusions and Perspectives
157(1)
References
158(3)
9 Biochar for Soil Water Conservation and Salinization Control in Arid Desert Regions
Xiaodong Yang
Arshad Ali
9.1 Arid Desert Ecosystem
161(1)
9.2 Methods for Water Conservation and Salinization Control in Arid Desert Regions
162(1)
9.3 Application of Biochar to Soils
163(4)
9.4 Other Advantages of Biochar Application in Arid Desert Regions
167(1)
9.5 Conclusions
167(1)
References
167(2)
10 Biochars and Biochar Composites: Low-Cost Adsorbents for Environmental Remediation
Rizwan Tareq
Nahida Akter
Md. Shafiul Azam
10.1 Introduction
169(1)
10.2 Common Adsorbent Materials
170(2)
10.3 Biochar as Adsorbent
172(3)
10.4 Biochar for Adsorption of Organic Molecules
175(7)
10.5 Biochar for Adsorption of Inorganic Species
182(7)
10.6 Modified Biochar as Adsorbent
189(9)
10.7 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives
198(2)
References
200(11)
11 Biochar for Sustainable Agriculture: Nutrient Dynamics, Soil Enzymes, and Crop Growth
Chathuri Peiris
Sameera R. Gunatilake
Jayani J. Wewalwela
Meththika Vithanage
11.1 Introduction
211(1)
11.2 Evolution of Sustainahle Agriculture
212(1)
11.3 Influence of Biochar on Soil Nutrient Dynamics
213(4)
11.4 Influence of Biochar on Soil Enzymes
217(3)
11.5 Effect of Biochar on Crop Growth
220(1)
11.6 Conclusions
220(1)
References
221(4)
12 Biochar Is a Potential Source of Silicon Fertilizer: An Overview
Muhammad Rizwan
Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
Shafaqat Ali
Tahir Abbas
Arosha Maqbool
Arooj Bashir
12.1 Introduction
225(1)
12.2 Silicon
226(3)
12.3 Biochar
229(4)
12.4 Biochar Is a Potential Source of Bioavailable Si
233(1)
12.5 Conclusion and Perspectives
234(1)
Acknowledgments
234(1)
References
234(5)
13 Sludge-Derived Biochar and Its Application in Soil Fixation
Weihua Zhang
Daniel C.W. Tsang
13.1 Sewage Sludge Production and Disposal in China
239(1)
13.2 Pyrolysis of Sewage Sludge and the Environmental Safety of Heavy Metals in Sludge-Derived Biochars
240(5)
13.3 Adsorption of Contaminants in Sludge-Derived Biochars
245(3)
13.4 Metal Stabilization in Soils by Sludge-Derived Biochars
248(1)
13.5 Ageing of Sludge-Derived Biochars in the Environment
249(1)
13.6 Conclusions
250(1)
References
250(3)
Further Reading
253(3)
14 Biochar as an (Im)mobilizing Agent for the Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils
Sabry M. Shaheen
Ali El-Naggar
Jianxu Wang
Noha E.E. Hassan
Nabeel Khan Niazi
Hailong Wang
Daniel C.W. Tsang
Yong sik Ok
Nanthi Bolan
Jorg Rinklebe
14.1 Introduction
256(1)
14.2 Biochar as an Immobilizing Agent for Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils
257(10)
14.3 Biochar as a Mobilizing Agent for Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils: Mobilization Mechanisms
267(3)
14.4 Conclusions
270(1)
Acknowledgments
270(1)
References
271(4)
15 Hydrothermal Carbonization for Hydrochar Production and Its Application
Shicheng Zhang
Xiangdong Zhu
Shaojie Zhou
Hua Shang
Jiewen Luo
Daniel C.W. Tsang
15.1 Introduction
275(1)
15.2 Production of Hydrochar
275(5)
15.3 Properties of Hydrochar
280(1)
15.4 Environmental Impact of Hydrochar
281(3)
15.5 Modification and Application of Hydrochar
284(5)
Acknowledgments
289(1)
References
289(6)
16 Waste-Derived Biochar for CO2 Sequestration
Shou-Heng Liu
16.1 Introduction
295(1)
16.2 Technologies for CO2 Capture
296(1)
16.3 Adsorption
297(1)
16.4 Waste-Derived Biochars for CO2 Adsorbents
298(4)
16.5 Conclusions
302(1)
References
303(2)
17 The Use of Biochar-Coated Lime Plaster Pellets for Indoor Carbon Dioxide Sequestration
Harn Wei Kua
Su Yun Gladys Choo
17.1 Introduction
305(1)
17.2 Materials and Methods
306(5)
17.3 Experimental Results
311(3)
17.4 Discussions
314(2)
References
316(1)
Further Reading
317(2)
18 Novel Application of Biochar in Storm water Harvesting
Daniel C.W. Tsang
Iris K.M. Yu
Xinni Xiong
18.1 Introduction
319(1)
18.2 Stormwater Harvesting
320(4)
18.3 Biochar as a Novel Stormwater Remediation Agent
324(3)
18.4 Removal Efficiencies in Biochar-Based Systems
327(7)
18.5 Surface Modification for Improving Removal
334(1)
18.6 Roles of Biochar Aging
335(1)
18.7 Case Study---Hong Kong
336(5)
18.8 Conclusions
341(1)
Acknowledgment
341(1)
References
341(5)
Further Reading
346(3)
19 Potential Toxic Compounds in Biochar: Knowledge Gaps Between Biochar Research and Safety
Hao Zheng
Bingjie Liu
Guocheng Liu
Zhaohui Cai
Chenchen Zhang
19.1 Introduction
349(2)
19.2 Organic Pollutants in Biochar
351(19)
19.3 Heavy Metals in Biochar
370(4)
19.4 Persistent Free Radicals in Biochar
374(2)
19.5 Possible Ways to Mitigate the Contamination of Biochar
376(1)
19.6 Conclusion and Recommendation
377(1)
References
378(7)
20 On the Carbon Abatement Potential and Economic Viability of Biochar Production Systems: Cost-Benefit and Life Cycle Assessment
Siming You
Xiaonan Wang
20.1 Introduction
385(2)
20.2 Methods of Environmental and Economic Analysis
387(6)
20.3 Thermochemical Processes
393(4)
20.4 Carbon Abatement---Life Cycle Assessment
397(2)
20.5 Economic Feasibility---Cost-Benefit Analysis
399(4)
20.6 Uncertainties and Directions
403(1)
References
404(5)
21 Redox-Mediated Biochar-Contaminant Interactions in Soil
Yilu Xu
Yubo Yan
Nadeeka L. Obadamudalige
Yong Sik Ok
Nanthj Bolan
Qiao Li
21.1 Redox Characteristics of Biochar
409(2)
21.2 Redox-Mediated Biochar-Contaminant Interactions in Soil
411(1)
21.3 Heavy Metal(loid) Contaminants
411(2)
21.4 Nutrient Contaminants
413(1)
21.5 Organic Contaminants
414(2)
21.6 Redox Reactions in Relation to Mobility and Bioavailability
416(1)
21.7 Conclusions
417(1)
References
417(6)
PART IV FUTURE PROSPECTS
22 Future Biochar Research Directions
J.M. Novak
E. Moore
K.A. Spokas
K. Hall
A. Williams
22.1 Introduction
423(1)
22.2 Intensification of Farming and Projected Soil Degradation
424(1)
22.3 Pyrolysis and Biochar Properties
424(1)
22.4 Biochar Usage in Saline Soils and Sand Dune Restoration
425(2)
22.5 Electrical Properties of Charcoal/Biochar
427(4)
22.6 Conclusions
431(1)
References
432(5)
Index 437
Dr. Ok is a full professor and global research director of Korea University, Seoul, Korea. He has published over 900 research papers and books, 92 of which have been ranked as Web of Science ESI top papers (90 have been selected as Highly Cited Papers” (HCPs), and two as Hot Papers”). He has been a Web of Science Highly Cited Researcher (HCR) since 2018 in Cross Field, Environment and Ecology, and Engineering. In 2019, he became the first Korean to be selected as an HCR in the field of Environment and Ecology. Again in 2021, he became the first Korean HCR in two fields: Environment and Ecology, and Engineering. He is working at the vanguard of global efforts to develop sustainable waste management strategies and technologies to address the rising crisis in electronic and plastic waste, and pollution of soil and air with particulate matter.

Dr. Ok has also served in a number of positions worldwide including, as an honorary professor at the University of Queensland (Australia), a visiting professor at Tsinghua University (China), an adjunct professor at the University of Wuppertal (Germany), and a guest professor at Ghent University (Belgium). He maintains a worldwide professional network by serving as a Co-Editor-in-Chief of Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, an Editor of Environmental Pollution, a member of the editorial advisory board of Environmental Science & Technology, and an editorial board member of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Chemical Engineering Journal, and Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, and several other top journals.

He currently serves as the Director of the Sustainable Waste Management Program for the Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU) and the Co-President of the International ESG Association. Moreover, he has served on the Scientific Organizing Committee of P4G Nature Forum: Climate Change and Biodiversity, and Nature Forum: Plastics and Sustainability. Dr. Ok has also served as the chairman of numerous major conferences such as Engineering Sustainable Development series (ESD series), organized by the APRU and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE). In 2021, Dr. Ok hosted the first Nature conference among South Korean universities in Seoul on waste management and valorization for a sustainable future together with Chief Editors of Nature Sustainability (Dr. Monica Contestabile), Nature Electronics (Dr. Owain Vaughan), and Nature Nanotechnology (Dr. Fabio Pulizzi). Prof. Ok will host the first Nature Forum on Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) for Global Sustainability: the E” Pillar for Sustainable Business. Daniel C.W. Tsang is a Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and Pao Yue-Kong Chair Professor at the State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization of Zhejiang University in China. He was a Professor and MSc Programme Leader at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, a Visiting Professor at the University of Queensland in Australia and Chulalongkorn University in Thailand, a Visiting Scholar at Stanford University in the US, an IMETE Scholar at Ghent University in Belgium, and a postdoctoral fellow at Imperial College London in the UK. With over 20 years of R&D experience, he has published more than 600 articles in top-tier journals and has been recognized among Stanford Universitys Top 2% Scientists and Clarivates Highly Cited Researchers in the fields of Engineering and Environment & Ecology. His team is dedicated to developing green technologies for long-term decarbonization and promoting resource circularity and sustainable development. He serves as the Editor-in-Chief of npj Materials Sustainability (Springer Nature), Chairman of the Hong Kong Waste Management Association (2023-2025), and Chairman of the Waste Management Subcommittee of the Advisory Council on the Environment (2023 & 2024) of the Hong Kong SAR Government. Dr Nanthi Bolan completed his PhD in Soil Science and Plant Nutrition at the University of Western Australia, and is currently working as a Professor of Environmental Science at the University of Newcastle. His teaching and research interests include contaminant assessment and remediation, nutrient and carbon cycling, pollutants interactions in soils, greenhouse gas emission, soil remediation, and waste management. Nanthi is a Fellow of American Soil Science Society, American Society of Agronomy and New Zealand Soil Science Society, and was awarded the Communicator of the Year award by the New Zealand Institute of Agricultural Sciences. He has supervised more than 40 postgraduate students and was awarded the Massey University Research Medal for excellence in postgraduate students supervision. He has published more than 300 journal papers, and edited 4 books, and was awarded the M.L. Leamy Award in recognition of the most meritorious contribution to soil science.