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Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals: Circular Bioeconomy: Technologies for Biofuels and Biochemicals [Mīkstie vāki]

Edited by (Scientific Officer, Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India), Edited by , Edited by (Senior Scientist, Thermo-catalytic Processes Area, Bio), Edited by (Executive Director, Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability-India, Lucknow, India), Edited by
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 672 pages, height x width: 235x191 mm, weight: 1360 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Dec-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Elsevier - Health Sciences Division
  • ISBN-10: 0323898556
  • ISBN-13: 9780323898553
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Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals: Circular Bioeconomy: Technologies for Biofuels and BiochemicalsPalielināt
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 672 pages, height x width: 235x191 mm, weight: 1360 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Dec-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Elsevier - Health Sciences Division
  • ISBN-10: 0323898556
  • ISBN-13: 9780323898553
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780323898553.html
Keywords:

Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals: Circular Bioeconomy: Technologies for Biofuels and Biochemicals provides comprehensive information on strategies and approaches that facilitate the integration of technologies for the production of bio-based fuels, chemicals and other value-added products from wastes with waste biorefinery concepts and green strategies. The book also covers lifecycle assessment and techno-economic analyses of integrated biorefineries within a circular bioeconomy framework. As there has been continual research on new designs in production and consumerist approaches as we move towards sustainable development by scientists of various disciplines, law makers, environmental activists and industrialists, this book provides the latest details.

Resources consumption and environment degradation necessitates a transition of our linear economy towards sustainable social and technical systems. As fossil resources are only projected to fulfill the needs of the population for the next couple of centuries, new tactics and standards must be created to ensure future success.

  • Covers recent developments and perspectives on biofuels and chemicals production
  • Provides the latest on the integration of technologies and processes for biofuels and chemicals production
  • Paves a way forward roadmap to achieve Sustainable Development Goals
  • Covers recent developments in lifecycle assessment and techno economic analysis using a waste biorefinery approach
List of contributors
xv
Preface xxi
1 Integrated technologies for the production of biofuels
1 Sustainable biorefineries for circular bioeconomy
3(26)
Aysegul Inam
Tugcc Mutaf
Irem Deniz
1.1 Introduction
3(2)
1.2 Circular bioeconomy within the framework of sustainability
5(1)
1.3 Biorefinery concept for the production of biofuels and bio-based chemicals
6(5)
1.3.1 Strategies of sustainable biorefineries
7(2)
1.3.2 Potential renewable resources for circular loop evaluation
9(2)
1.4 Biorefinery methodologies
11(5)
1.4.1 Biochemical transformation
11(2)
1.4.2 Thermo-chemical transformation
13(2)
1.4.3 Physicochemical transformation
15(1)
1.5 Valorization of resources into biofuels and bio-based chemicals
16(4)
1.5.1 Biofuels
17(3)
1.5.2 Bio-based chemicals
20(1)
1.6 Improvement of the biorefinery aspect: integration and cascading of technologies
20(3)
1.6.1 Supply chain management
21(1)
1.6.2 Metabolic engineering approaches
22(1)
1.6.3 Industry 4.0 and big data analytics
22(1)
1.6.4 Bioinformatics
22(1)
1.7 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
23(1)
1.8 Conclusions
24(5)
References
25(4)
2 Sustainable technologies for biodiesel production from microbial lipids
29(38)
Ashutosh Kumar Pandcy
Ranjna Sifohi
Vivck Kumar Gaur
Kririka Pandcy
Aswathy Udayan
Pooja Sharma
Sridhar Pilli
Sang-Hyoun Kim
Ashok Pandcy
2.1 Introduction
29(2)
2.2 Sources of microbial lipids
31(3)
2.3 Substrates for microbial biomass and lipids production
34(3)
2.3.1 Glycerol
34(1)
2.3.2 Lignocellulosic and agricultural biomass
34(2)
2.3.3 Municipal sludge
36(1)
2.3.4 Dairy industry waste
36(1)
2.3.5 Paper industry waste
37(1)
2.4 Bioprocesses for the production of biomass
37(1)
2.5 Lipid recovery from wet biomass
38(5)
2.5.1 Method of solvent extraction
39(1)
2.5.2 Expeller pressing
40(1)
2.5.3 Bead beating
40(1)
2.5.4 Ultrasonication-assisted extraction
41(1)
2.5.5 Microwave-assisted extraction
41(1)
2.5.6 Homogenization
42(1)
2.5.7 Electroporation or electropermeabilization
42(1)
2.5.8 Osmotic pressure method
43(1)
2.6 Catalysts for biodiesel production from microbial lipids
43(4)
2.6.1 Alkaline catalysts
44(1)
2.6.2 Acid catalyst
45(1)
2.6.3 Other catalysts
45(1)
2.6.4 Magnetic catalysts
46(1)
2.6.5 Enzymes
46(1)
2.7 Esterification/transesterification
47(6)
2.7.1 Isolation/separation of biodiesel
48(3)
2.7.2 Analysis and determination
51(2)
2.8 Life-cycle analysis for biodiesel from microbial lipids
53(2)
2.8.1 Energy balance
54(1)
2.8.2 Water footprint
54(1)
2.8.3 Evaporation rate
54(1)
2.8.4 Carbon dioxide emissions
54(1)
2.9 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
55(1)
2.10 Conclusions
55(12)
References
55(12)
3 Integrated thermochemical and biochemical processes for the production of biofuels and biochemicals
67(40)
Tharaka Rama Krishna C. Doddapancni
Fiaz Ahmad
Kaspar Valgepea
Timo Kikas
3.1 Introduction
67(2)
3.2 Biomass conversion processes
69(1)
3.3 Integrating thermochemical and biochemical processes
70(17)
3.3.1 Integrating pyrolysis with biochemical conversion processes
71(5)
3.3.2 Integrating hydrothermal liquefaction with microbial processes
76(6)
3.3.3 Biochar applications in biochemical processes
82(2)
3.3.4 Integrating biomass gasification with fermentation-syngas fermentation
84(3)
3.4 Economic feasibility and commercialization
87(4)
3.4.1 Integrating pyrolysis with fermentation and anaerobic digestion
88(1)
3.4.2 Integrating hydrothermal liquefaction with anaerobic digestion
88(1)
3.4.3 Syngas fermentation
89(1)
3.4.4 Economic feasibility of integrating thermochemical and biochemical processes
90(1)
3.5 Challenges and opportunities
91(1)
3.6 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
92(2)
3.7 Conclusions
94(13)
Acknowledgment
94(1)
References
94(13)
4 Integrated technologies for extractives recovery, fractionation, and bioethanol production from lignocellulose
107(34)
Francieli Colussi
Michele Michelin
Daniel G. Gomes
Cristina M.R. Rocha
Aloia Romani
Lucilia Domingucs
Jose A. Tcixcira
4.1 Introduction
107(2)
4.2 Advances in extractives recovery
109(4)
4.2.1 Extractives
109(1)
4.2.2 Recovery and fractioning methodologies
110(2)
4.2.3 Solvents
112(1)
4.3 Biomass fractionation
113(6)
4.3.1 Autohydrolysis
113(3)
4.3.2 Steam explosion
116(1)
4.3.3 Ionic liquids
117(1)
4.3.4 Deep eutectic solvents
118(1)
4.4 Challenges in cellulosic bioethanol production
119(5)
4.4.1 Raw material recalcitrance and pretreatment inhibitors
120(1)
4.4.2 Process constraints
121(1)
4.4.3 Cost of cellulolytic enzymes
121(2)
4.4.4 Integral sugars utilization
123(1)
4.4.5 Utilization of fermentation organisms with increased robustness
123(1)
4.5 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
124(5)
4.5.1 European framework for circular bioeconomy
124(1)
4.5.2 Circular bioeconomy concept
125(4)
4.6 Conclusions
129(12)
Acknowledgments
129(1)
References
129(12)
5 Integrated technologies for biohydrogen production
141(22)
Zhiping Zhang
Danping Jiang
Huan Zhang
Haorui Zhang
Quanguo Zhang
5.1 Introduction
141(2)
5.2 Biological regulation technology in the process of biohydrogen production
143(7)
5.2.1 Selection and preparation of sustainable raw materials
143(3)
5.2.2 Screening of highly efficient hydrogen-producing bacteria
146(1)
5.2.3 Addition of trace elements and metal ions
146(2)
5.2.4 Initial pH
148(1)
5.2.5 Strain inoculation
149(1)
5.2.6 Substrate concentration
149(1)
5.3 Nonbiological regulation technology in the process of biohydrogen production
150(3)
5.3.1 Configuration of reactor
150(1)
5.3.2 Hydraulic retention time
151(1)
5.3.3 Rheological behavior
151(1)
5.3.4 Light intensity
152(1)
5.3.5 Mixing speed
152(1)
5.3.6 Light-heat-mass transfer properties
152(1)
5.4 Environmental and economy benefits associated with biohydrogen
153(1)
5.5 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
154(1)
5.6 Conclusions
155(8)
Acknowledgment
155(1)
References
155(8)
2 Integrated technologies for the production of chemicals and other value-added products
6 Integrated bio-based processes for the production of industrially important chemicals
163(26)
Maria Paul Alphy
Palanisamy Athiyaman Balakumaran
Ravccndran Sindhu
Ashok Pandcy
Paramcswaran Binod
6.1 Introduction
163(1)
6.2 Importance of bio-based processes
164(1)
6.3 Common processing routes
165(3)
6.3.1 Pretreatment
166(1)
6.3.2 Catalytic process
166(1)
6.3.3 Extraction and purification
167(1)
6.4 Sugars as feedstock
168(1)
6.5 Industrially important chemicals
168(10)
6.5.1 Diols
169(2)
6.5.2 Sugar alcohols
171(2)
6.5.3 Succinic acid
173(1)
6.5.4 Lactic acid
174(1)
6.5.5 Levulinic acid
175(1)
6.5.6 Furfural
176(1)
6.5.7 Hydroxymethyl furfural derivatives
176(1)
6.5.8 Furandicarboxylic acid
177(1)
6.6 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
178(1)
6.7 Conclusions
179(10)
Acknowldgment
180(1)
References
180(9)
7 Integrated processing of soybean in a circular bioeconomy
189(28)
Susan Grace Karp
Luciana Porto dc Souza Vandenhcrghc
Maria Giovana Binder Pagnoncclli
Zulma Sarmiento Vasquez
Walter Jose Martinez-Burgos
Fernanda Prado
Leonardo Wcdderholf Herrmann
Luiz Alberto Junior Letti
Fernanda Mezzalira
Carlos Ricardo Soccol
7.1 Introduction
189(1)
7.2 Industrial processing of soybean and main soy-derived products
190(1)
7.3 Other commercial products obtained from soybean
191(2)
7.4 Environmental aspects in the soybean production chain
193(3)
7.4.1 Land use
194(1)
7.4.2 Greenhouse gases
194(1)
7.4.3 Water
195(1)
7.4.4 Pesticides and genetically modified soybean
195(1)
7.5 Socioeconomic aspects in the soybean production chain
196(2)
7.6 Valorization of soybean residues
198(9)
7.6.1 Soybean hulls
198(5)
7.6.2 Soybean molasses
203(2)
7.6.3 Soybean hulls and soybean molasses: technological development and patent landscape
205(2)
7.7 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
207(1)
7.8 Conclusions
208(9)
Acknowledgment
209(1)
References
209(8)
8 Integrated technologies for the production of antioxidant compounds and prebiotic oligosaccharides from lignocellulosic biomass
217(28)
Paripok Phitsuwan
8.1 Introduction
217(1)
8.2 Biomass availability and current biomass processing technology
218(8)
8.2.1 Plant biomass and its availability
218(1)
8.2.2 Biomass composition and structure
219(2)
8.2.3 Current biomass pretreatment processes
221(5)
8.3 Separation of biomass components using ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
226(6)
8.3.1 Ionic liquid pretreatment
226(2)
8.3.2 Deep eutectic solvent pretreatment
228(4)
8.4 Conversion of hemicellulose and lignin to value-added chemicals
232(5)
8.4.1 Conversion of hemicellulosic component to prebiotic xylooligosaccharides
233(2)
8.4.2 Conversion of lignin into antioxidants and antimicrobial agents
235(2)
8.5 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
237(1)
8.6 Conclusions
238(7)
Acknowledgments
238(1)
References
239(6)
9 Integration of technologies for bio-based materials preparation
245(18)
Zhiping Zhang
Chaoyang Lu
Yamcng Li
Quanguo Zhang
9.1 Introduction
245(2)
9.2 Common types of bio-based materials
247(4)
9.2.1 Biological plastics
247(1)
9.2.2 Wood-plastic composites
248(3)
9.2.3 Functional materials
251(1)
9.2.4 Bio-based platform compounds
251(1)
9.3 Key technologies of bio-based material preparation
251(4)
9.3.1 Biotransformation
251(2)
9.3.2 Chemical synthesis modification
253(1)
9.3.3 Resinification
253(1)
9.3.4 Composite molding
254(1)
9.4 Application of bio-based materials
255(2)
9.5 The necessity of technology integration
257(1)
9.6 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
258(1)
9.7 Conclusions
259(4)
Acknowledgment
260(1)
References
260(3)
10 Sustainable technologies for damaged grains utilisation
263(12)
Ranjna Sirohi
Mohammad Ishfaq Bhat
Shikhangi Singh
Vaibhav Verma
Ashutosh Kumar Pandey
Ayush Kant
Vivek Kumar Gaur
Ayon Tarafdar
Akanksha Singh
Ashok Pandey
10.1 Introduction
263(1)
10.2 Food grains: current global scenario
264(3)
10.3 Damaged food grains
267(2)
10.4 Sustainable technologies for the utilization of damaged grains
269(3)
10.5 Perspective for circular bioeconomy
272(1)
10.6 Conclusions
272(3)
References
273(2)
11 Sustainable technologies for the production of sophorolipids from renewable wastes
275(20)
Vivek Kumar Gaur
Ranjna Sirohi
Ashutosh Kumar Pandey
Sunita Varjani
Ashok Pandey
11.1 Introduction
275(1)
11.2 Nature and structure of sophorolipids
276(2)
11.3 Microorganisms involved in the production of sophorolipids
278(3)
11.4 Production of sophorolipids from wastes
281(4)
11.4.1 Food waste
282(2)
11.4.2 Oily wastes
284(1)
11.4.3 Wastewater
285(1)
11.5 Scaling-up of sophorolipids production
285(2)
11.6 Industrial applications of sophorolipids
287(1)
11.7 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
288(1)
11.8 Conclusions
289(6)
Acknowledgment
289(1)
References
289(6)
12 Sustainable chemical and biological technologies for the production of enantiopure added-value molecules in biorefineries
295(42)
Stella Parmaki
Frederico C. Ferrcira
Teresa Estcvcs
Carlos A.M. Afonso
Michalis Koutinas
12.1 Introduction
295(5)
12.2 Biological production of enantiopure molecules
300(6)
12.2.1 Microbial production of pure enantiomers via chiral and racemic approaches
300(1)
12.2.2 Enzymes applied for production of enantiopure molecules
300(3)
12.2.3 Fermentation methods for the production of pure enantiomers
303(3)
12.3 Chemical production of enantiopure molecules
306(6)
12.3.1 Asymmetric synthesis
306(2)
12.3.2 Chiral resolution by diastereomeric recrystallization and inclusion complexes
308(2)
12.3.3 Alternative chiral resolutions
310(2)
12.4 Critical evaluation of biological and chemical approaches for the production of enantiopure molecules
312(4)
12.5 Integrated production of enantiopure D-(+)-sparteine from food wastewater-an illustrative example
316(5)
12.5.1 Alkaloid compounds as renewable feedstocks for production of added-value commodities
316(1)
12.5.2 Lupin bean processing industries wastewater
317(1)
12.5.3 Integrated valorization process of lupin beans wastewater
318(3)
12.6 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
321(3)
12.7 Conclusions
324(13)
References
324(9)
Further reading
333(4)
13 Sustainable production and applications of biochar in circular bioeconomy
337(26)
Donglc Cheng
Huu Hao Ngo
Wcnshan Guo
Ashok Pandcy
Sunita Varjani
13.1 Introduction
337(1)
13.2 Assessment of circular bioeconomy for producing biochar
338(8)
13.2.1 Biochar production for biowaste management
338(4)
13.2.2 Characteristics of biochar
342(3)
13.2.3 Economic assessment of biochar production
345(1)
13.3 Assessment of circular bioeconomy for the applications of biochar
346(8)
13.3.1 Biochar application in water remediation
346(4)
13.3.2 Application of biochar in agricultural soils
350(4)
13.4 Perspectives for bioeconomy
354(1)
13.5 Conclusions
354(9)
References
355(8)
14 Sustainability of biofertilizers and other allied products from genetically modified microorganisms
363(32)
Charles Oluwaseun Adctunji
Osikcmekha Anthony Anani
Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan
Ruth Ebunoluwa Bodunrindc
Osarcnkhoc O. Osemwegic
Benjamin Ewa Uhi
14.1 Introduction
363(2)
14.2 Improvement of beneficial bacterial strains by gene technology
365(8)
14.3 Application of genetic engineering for improvement of beneficial actinomycetes
373(1)
14.4 Mechanism of action involved by the strains toward promoting plant growth and development
374(1)
14.5 Application of genetic engineering for improvement of Cyanobacteria
375(2)
14.6 Application of genetic engineering for improved tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress and plant pathogens and pests
377(3)
14.7 DNA- and RNA-based techniques for the detection of the impact of the genetically modified microorganism on indigenous microbial community
380(4)
14.7.1 Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA)
380(1)
14.7.2 Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)
381(1)
14.7.3 Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)
381(1)
14.7.4 Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP)
382(1)
14.7.5 Application of genetic engineering for enhancement of beneficial strains such as cyanobacteria
382(1)
14.7.6 Application of genetic engineering for enhancement of beneficial strains such as Actinomycetes
383(1)
14.8 Processes for biofertilizer manufacturing
384(1)
14.9 Limitations, challenges, and efficacy of biofertilizers
384(1)
14.10 Comparison between biofertilizers produced by genetically modified organisms and conventional fertilizers
384(1)
14.11 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
385(1)
14.12 Conclusions
385(10)
References
386(7)
Further reading
393(2)
15 Innovative protein and enzyme engineering processes for the production of biomass hydrolyzing enzymes
395(24)
Aparna Satapathy
Jay Kant Yadav
15.1 Introduction
395(1)
15.2 Biofuels and fossil fuels
395(3)
15.2.1 Global market and production cost
396(1)
15.2.2 Needs for alternative sources of energy
396(1)
15.2.3 Significance of biofuels
397(1)
15.2.4 Uses of biofuels
397(1)
15.3 Biodiesel conversion technologies
398(1)
15.4 Biomass for biofuels production
398(2)
15.4.1 Chemical nature of biomass
399(1)
15.4.2 Lignocellulose
400(1)
15.4.3 Starch
400(1)
15.5 Biomass to biofuels conversion technologies
400(1)
15.6 Enzymes for biomass conversion
400(4)
15.6.1 Chemical versus enzymatic biomass conversion
401(1)
15.6.2 Biomass converting enzymes
402(2)
15.7 Improvement in the enzymes for efficient biomass conversion
404(2)
15.7.1 Wild versus recombinant enzymes: limitations associated with native enzymes
404(1)
15.7.2 Engineering approach for biofuels production
405(1)
15.7.3 Role of protein/enzyme engineering in biofuels production
405(1)
15.8 Modern approaches to protein engineering
406(6)
15.8.1 Rational design
407(1)
15.8.2 Directed evolution
408(3)
15.8.3 Protein Engineering for Improvement of pH Stability
411(1)
15.8.4 Structure-based strategies to improve enzymatic activity
411(1)
15.9 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
412(1)
15.9.1 Social, economic, and environmental impact of bioenergy
412(1)
15.9.2 Role of bioenergy in promoting circular bioeconomy
413(1)
15.9.3 Future scope and challenges
413(1)
15.10 Conclusions
413(6)
Reference
414(5)
16 Circular bioeconomy for biodiesel industry: Upgradation of waste glycerol to value-added products
419(20)
Shyamali Sarma
Vikash Kumar Dubcy
Vijayanand S. Moholkar
16.1 Introduction
419(1)
16.2 Current scenario of biodiesel industry
420(1)
16.3 Integrated approaches of biodiesel industry
421(2)
16.3.1 Classification based on feedstocks
421(1)
16.3.2 Classification based on products: Biodiesel biorefineries can further be classified based on the types of product outputs
422(1)
16.4 Glycerol: a major by-product
423(7)
16.4.1 Current scenario of glycerol
424(1)
16.4.2 Bioconversion of glycerol into value-added products
424(4)
16.4.3 Chemical conversion of glycerol
428(2)
16.5 Strategies for intensification of product yield
430(2)
16.5.1 Medium and process optimization
430(1)
16.5.2 Metabolic flux analysis
430(1)
16.5.3 Application of ultrasonication in fermentation
431(1)
16.5.4 Genetic engineering
432(1)
16.6 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
432(1)
16.7 Conclusions
433(6)
References
435(4)
17 Integrated processes for production of pharmaceutical products from agro-wastes
439(24)
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
Olughemi Tope Olaniyan
Osikcmckha Anthony Anani
Ruth Ebunoluwa Bodunrindc
Osarenkhoe O. Osemwegie
Benjamin Ewa Uhi
17.1 Introduction
439(2)
17.2 Merits and demerits of agro-industrial waste-based biorefineries
441(3)
17.3 Reduction of waste generation during biorefinery processes
444(2)
17.4 Biorefinery concept
446(3)
17.4.1 Implementation of biorefinery
448(1)
17.5 Plant waste-based biorefinery
449(2)
17.6 Techno-economic, environmental, and social assessment of biorefineries
451(1)
17.7 Production of pharmaceutical products from a biorefinery
452(1)
17.8 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
453(1)
17.9 Conclusions
454(9)
References
455(8)
18 Sustainable production of succinic acid by utilization of agricultural wastes
463(18)
Huma Fatima
Shivani Chaturvcdi
Jasncet Grewal
Sunil K. Khare
18.1 Introduction
463(1)
18.2 Platform chemicals
464(8)
18.2.1 Succinic acid as a platform chemical
465(2)
18.2.2 Succinic acid producing microorganisms and feedstocks
467(4)
18.2.3 Pretreatment methods
471(1)
18.3 Succinic acid production by metabolic engineered strains
472(3)
18.3.1 Metabolic pathways
472(1)
18.3.2 Strategies for metabolic engineering of microorganisms
473(2)
18.4 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
475(1)
18.5 Conclusions
476(5)
Acknowledgments
476(1)
References
477(4)
19 Circular bioeconomy for stress-resilient fisheries and aquaculture
481(36)
W.S. Lakra
K.K. Krishnani
19.1 Introduction
481(1)
19.2 Eco-designing of environmental protective and energy-efficient aquaculture production systems
482(16)
19.2.1 Zero-water exchange aquaculture production systems
483(1)
19.2.2 Recirculating aquaculture systems
484(1)
19.2.3 Integrated multitrophic aquaculture
485(1)
19.2.4 Bioaugmentation/green-water culture system
486(2)
19.2.5 Microalgae-fed aquaculture
488(4)
19.2.6 Aquaponics
492(2)
19.2.7 Biofloc-based aqua-farming
494(2)
19.2.8 Integrated agri-aquaculture
496(2)
19.3 Valorization by turning inorganic and organic wastes generated from capture fisheries, aquaculture production and processing industries into resources/valuable products
498(10)
19.3.1 Composting
499(1)
19.3.2 Feed ingredients
500(1)
19.3.3 Nanostructured materials
500(1)
19.3.4 Bioprospecting
501(6)
19.3.5 Biofuels
507(1)
19.4 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
508(1)
19.5 Conclusions
508(9)
References
508(9)
20 Algae as sustainable food in space missions
517(24)
Vandana Vinayak
20.1 Introduction
517(3)
20.2 History
520(2)
20.3 Algal food in space missions
522(3)
20.4 Algal bioreactors in space missions
525(2)
20.5 Nutraceutical properties of Haematococcus pluvialis and diatoms
527(3)
20.5.1 Astaxanthin from H. pluvialis
527(2)
20.5.2 Fucoxanthin from diatoms
529(1)
20.6 Biomass of Haematococcus pluvialis and diatom as food supplements for astronauts
530(1)
20.7 Recycling of exhaled gases and wastewater for algal growth
530(2)
20.8 Challenges for culturing live algal cultures in space missions
532(2)
20.9 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
534(1)
20.10 Conclusions
535(6)
Acknowledgments
535(1)
References
535(6)
21 Techno-economic evaluation and life-cycle assessment of integrated biorefineries within a circular bioeconomy concept
541(16)
Sofia Maria Ioannidou
Christos Galanopoulos
Dimitrios Ladakis
Apostolis Koutinas
21.1 Introduction
541(1)
21.2 Design of supply chain network
542(2)
21.2.1 Modeling tools for supply chain network
543(1)
21.2.2 State-of-the-art in supply chain network
544(1)
21.3 Techno-economic and life-cycle costing evaluation of integrated biorefineries
544(3)
21.3.1 Methodological framework of techno-economic evaluation
545(1)
21.3.2 Externalities: definition and cost estimation
546(1)
21.4 Life-cycle assessment of integrated biorefineries
547(2)
21.5 End-of-life approaches for recycling of used bio-based products
549(2)
21.5.1 End-of-life options
549(2)
21.6 State-of-the-art results in techno-economic and environmental assessment of integrated biorefineries
551(1)
21.7 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
551(2)
21.8 Conclusions
553(4)
References
553(4)
22 Circular bioeconomy approaches for sustainability and carbon mitigation in microalgal biorefinery
557(42)
Dillirani Nagarajan
Duu-Jong Lcc
Jo-Shu Chang
22.1 Introduction
557(2)
22.2 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy-microalgae as the third-generation feedstock for sustainable biorefineries
559(8)
22.2.1 Sustainability
560(2)
22.2.2 Carbon mitigation-waste valorization in a circular bioeconomy
562(2)
22.2.3 Wastewater treatment-resource efficiency in a circular bioeconomy
564(3)
22.3 Microalgal biorefineries
567(9)
22.3.1 The microalgal biomass
567(5)
22.3.2 Choice of the microalgal strain
572(1)
22.3.3 Microalgal biomass cultivation and harvesting
573(2)
22.3.4 Pretreatment of microalgal biomass for further processing
575(1)
22.3.5 Conversion of microalgal biomass into valuable products
575(1)
22.4 Valuable products in a microalgal biorefinery
576(6)
22.4.1 Biofuels
576(1)
22.4.2 Food and feed
576(2)
22.4.3 Pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals
578(1)
22.4.4 Biofertilizers
579(1)
22.4.5 Biochar
579(1)
22.4.6 Emerging applications for microalgae
580(2)
22.5 Conclusions and perspectives
582(17)
Acknowledgments
582(1)
References
582(17)
23 Waste-to-energy technologies for sustainability: life-cycle assessment and economic analysis
599(14)
Asam Ahmed
Wangliang Li
Sunita Varjani
Siming You
23.1 Introduction
599(1)
23.2 Governmental policies and regulations
600(1)
23.3 Contribution of waste-to-energy toward sustainability
601(1)
23.4 Waste management
601(1)
23.5 Waste-to-energy technologies
602(2)
23.5.1 Incineration
602(1)
23.5.2 Pyrolysis
603(1)
23.5.3 Gasification
603(1)
23.5.4 Anaerobic digestion
604(1)
23.6 Analysis methods
604(3)
23.6.1 Economic analysis
604(2)
23.6.2 Life cycle assessment
606(1)
23.7 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
607(2)
23.8 Conclusions
609(4)
References
609(4)
24 Integrated approach for technology transfer awareness of traditional knowledge for upliftment of circular bioeconomy
613(7)
Madhuree Kumari
Shipra Pandey
Ved Prakash Giri
Priyanka Chauhan
Nishtha Mishra
Pratihha Verma
Ashutosh Tripathi
Satycndra Pratap Singh
Ramakant Bajpai
Aradhana Mishra
24.1 Introduction
613(2)
24.2 Traditional knowledge in the upliftment of circular bioeconomy across the globe
615(1)
24.3 Traditional knowledge in agriculture and food security
615(5)
24.3.1 Importance of traditional knowledge in agriculture and circular bioeconomy
615(3)
24.3.2 Case studies across the globe
618(1)
24.3.3 Traditional knowledge in food waste management
619(1)
24.3.4 Traditional knowledge in food packaging
619(1)
24.4 Traditional knowledge in medicines
620(1)
24 4.1 Case studies across the globe
620(3)
24.5 Traditional knowledge of biomass and biofuels
621(2)
24.5.1 Biomass as a source of energy
621(1)
24.5.2 Case studies across the globe
622(1)
24 5.3 Case studies in India
623(14)
24.6 Traditional knowledge in aquaculture
624(3)
24.6.1 Case studies of traditional knowledge in India
624(1)
24.6.2 Case studies across the globe
625(2)
24.7 Traditional knowledge in biofiber
627(1)
24.7.1 Case studies across the globe
627(1)
24.8 Perspectives for circular bioeconomy
627(2)
24.8.1 Sustainable development
627(1)
24.8.2 Cascading use of biomass (reuse, recover, and recycle)
628(1)
24.8.3 Control of carbon footprint and emission of greenhouse gases
628(1)
24.8.4 Knowledge management and benefit sharing
628(1)
24.8.5 Conservation of biodiversity and genetic resources
629(1)
24.9 Lessons learnt and challenges ahead
629(1)
24.10 The existing policies and amendments for the integration of traditional knowledge in circular bioeconomy
629(1)
24.11 Conclusions
630(7)
Acknowledgments
631(1)
References
631(6)
Index 637
Dr. Sunita Varjani is Scientific Officer at Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. Her major areas of research are Industrial and Environmental Microbiology/Biotechnology. She has worked as visiting scientist at EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland. Dr. Varjani has authored more than 110 publications, including research and review papers, books and book chapters. She has won several awards, including Young Scientist Awards from Association of Microbiologists of India, International Society for Energy, Environment and Sustainability and AFRO-ASIAN Congress on Microbes for Human and Environmental Health, New Delhi; Top Reviewer Award - 2017, Bioresource Technology, Elsevier and Best Paper Awards in national and international conferences in 2008, 2012, 2013 and 2018. She is member of editorial board of Journal of Energy and Environmental Sustainability and has served as guest editor of special issues of Bioresource Technology, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, ASCE- Journal of Environmental Engineering and others. She is Management Council Member of the BRSI (www.brsi.in). Prof. Ashok Pandey is currently Executive Director, Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability-India, Lucknow. His major research and technological development interests are industrial and environmental biotechnology and energy biosciences, focusing on biomass to biofuels and chemicals, waste to wealth and energy, etc.

Dr Thallada Bhaskar, Senior Scientist, is currently heading the Thermo-catalytic Processes Area, Bio-Fuels Division (BFD) at CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, India. He received Ph D for his work at CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT) from Osmania University, Hyderabad in the year 1999. He carried out Postdoctoral Research at Okayama University, Okayama, Japan after which he joined as Research Assistant Professor and taught catalysis, chemical kinetics and thermodynamics for ~7 years. He has about 90 publications in journals of international repute, contributed 10 book chapters to renowned publishers (ACS, Elsevier, Woodhead Publishing, CRC Press etc) and 11 patents to his in his field of expertise in addition to 250 national and international symposia presentations.

His 20 years of research experience cover various fields of science revolving around his expertise in heterogeneous catalysis thermo-chemical conversion of biomass, waste plastics and e-waste plastics into value added hydrocarbons. He has prepared several catalysts and thrown a light on the structure activity relationships of novel catalytic materials for hydrotreatment of fossil based crudes. His contributions to the field of sustainable hydrocarbons are in the form of process knowhow and catalyst developments. His patents and publications discuss crucial points encompassing wide areas of thermo-catalytic conversion like pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction for biomass (agricultural, forest residues and aquatic biomass) and plastic waste (industrial and e-waste) conversion. In addition he worked on developing micro-channel reactors for several chemical reactions and separation processes. His other interests include utilization of non-conventional energies for the sustainable production of hydrocarbons utilizing the polymeric wastes available which will make the thermo-chemical methods of conversion more energy efficient.

In view of his expertise, he is on the editorial board of 2 international peer reviewed journals and expert member of several committees. He received the Distinguished Researcher award from AIST (2013), Japan and Most Progressive Researcher award from FSRJ, Japan (2008). He is also the Fellow of Biotech Research Society of India and member of the Governing Council. He received the Raman Research Fellowship for the year 2013-14. He was also a JSPS Visiting Scientist to Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan during 2009. He has carried out several research projects with great success with national and international collaborators. He has organized several international symposia in India and abroad in this area and visited several countries to deliver invited/ plenary lectures. Dr.S.Venkata Mohan is working as Principal Scientist in CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad since 1998. He was a Visiting Professor at Kyoto University (2005) and Alexander von Humboldt (AvH) Fellow at Technical University of Munich, Germany (2001-02). His main research interests are in the domain of Environmental Bioengineering Specifically in the areas of Advance Waste Remediation, Aciodogenesis, Microbial Electrogenesis, Photosynthesis and Waste Biorefinery. He has authored more than 310 research articles, 36 chapters for books, edited 4 books and has 9 patents. His publication has more than 12,750 citations with an h-index of 62 (Google Scholar). He has guided 22 PhDs., 2 M.Phils and more than 100 M.Tech./B.Tech./M.Sc. students. Recently, Dr Mohan recently successfully demonstrated a pilot plant for biohydrogen production from waste for MNRE and waste fed biorefinery platform for CSIR. He carried out various industrial and consultancy projects in the area of environmental management. Dr Mohan is recipient of coveted Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (SSB) Prize for the year 2014 in Engineering Sciences from Government of India. He also received several awards and honours, which includes, Most outstanding Researcher in the field of Environmental Science in India- 2018 by Carrer360, as National Bioscience award-2012 by DBT, Government of India, SERB-IGCW-2017 for Biohydrogen Technology from DST-SERB, Environmental Engineering Design Award 2017 by the National Design and Research Forum (NDRF) of Institute of Engineers, India (2017), Prosper.net-Scopus Young Researcher Award in Sustainable Development -2010 under Energy Category by United Nations University and Elsevier, NASI-Scopus Young Scientist Award- 2010 in Earth, Oceanographic & Environmental Sciences by NASI and Elsevier, Nawab Zain Yar Jung Bahadur Memorial Prize-1994 by The Institution of Engineers (India), etc. Dr Mohan is an elected Fellow of National Academy of Engineering, Biotech Research Society of India, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh Akademy of Sciences, International Forum on Industrial Bioprocesses, Institution of Engineers, International Society for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, etc. Dr Mohan is National Editor for Science Portal (EVS), subject Editor for the Journal of Energy, Associate Editor for Frontiers in Environmental Science and Frontiers in Energy Research and is serving on the Editorial Board of several journals viz., Bioresource Technology, Advances in Energy Research, Carbon Resources Conversion, etc. Daniel C.W. Tsang is a Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and Pao Yue-Kong Chair Professor at the State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization of Zhejiang University in China. He was a Professor and MSc Programme Leader at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, a Visiting Professor at the University of Queensland in Australia and Chulalongkorn University in Thailand, a Visiting Scholar at Stanford University in the US, an IMETE Scholar at Ghent University in Belgium, and a postdoctoral fellow at Imperial College London in the UK. With over 20 years of R&D experience, he has published more than 600 articles in top-tier journals and has been recognized among Stanford Universitys Top 2% Scientists and Clarivates Highly Cited Researchers in the fields of Engineering and Environment & Ecology. His team is dedicated to developing green technologies for long-term decarbonization and promoting resource circularity and sustainable development. He serves as the Editor-in-Chief of npj Materials Sustainability (Springer Nature), Chairman of the Hong Kong Waste Management Association (2023-2025), and Chairman of the Waste Management Subcommittee of the Advisory Council on the Environment (2023 & 2024) of the Hong Kong SAR Government.