| Preface and Acknowledgments |
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xix | |
| About the Authors |
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xxi | |
| Introduction |
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xxiii | |
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1 | (30) |
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Finding Nouns, Verbs, and Subjects |
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1 | (3) |
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Using verbs to find subjects |
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Multiple subjects and verbs in a sentence |
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You as an understood subject |
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4 | (5) |
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Singular vs. plural verbs |
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Finding subjects before phrases beginning with of |
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With or, either/or, and neither/nor |
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One singular and one plural subject |
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With interrupting expressions |
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With distances, period's of time, sums of money, etc. |
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With portion words such as a lot, a majority, percent, some, all |
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With collective nouns such as group, family, staff |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (6) |
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As the subject of the sentence |
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When who refers to a personal pronoun |
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Subject and verb agreement with who, that, and which |
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Subject and verb agreement with anyone, someone, each, etc. |
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Its vs. it's; who's vs. whose |
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Reflexives: the -self pronouns |
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Consistency with singular pronouns |
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Pronouns linked with nouns by and |
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Possessive adjectives vs. possessive pronouns |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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Agreement with the verb in the dependent clause |
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Dependent clause as the subject of the verb following the clause |
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18 | (1) |
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Who, that, and which with people, groups, and things |
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That with essential clauses |
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Which with nonessential clauses |
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When which can be used with essential clauses |
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19 | (3) |
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Adjectives modifying nouns and pronouns |
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Adverbs modifying verbs, adjectives, and adverbs |
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Sense verbs: taste, smell, look, feel, etc. |
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Well as an adjective when referring to health |
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Comparisons, such as -ex vs. -est and more vs. most |
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This, that, these, and those |
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22 | (3) |
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Ending a sentence with a preposition |
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Avoiding extra prepositions |
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As, as if, as though, the way |
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Different from vs. different than |
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25 | (6) |
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Concrete vs. vague language |
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Overuse of there is, there are, it is, it was, etc. |
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31 | (38) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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With abbreviations at the end of a sentence |
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Replacing periods with question marks and exclamation points |
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32 | (7) |
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To separate three or more items |
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With two independent clauses |
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Run-on sentences or comma splices |
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Joined by connectors such as and, or, but, etc. |
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When the subject does not appear in front of the second verb |
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Starting a sentence with a dependent clause vs. an independent clause |
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With nonessential words, clauses, and phrases |
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With sufficiently identified noun |
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To set off interrupting expressions |
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To introduce or interrupt quotations |
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To separate statements from questions |
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To separate contrasting parts of a sentence |
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With certain introductory words |
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When followed by a series of items |
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When the series of items ends with etc. |
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39 | (2) |
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To replace a period in two closely linked sentences |
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With such words as namely, however, therefore, etc., when they |
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Introduce a complete sentence |
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To avoid confusion where commas already exist |
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With sentences that have multiple clauses |
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Capitalization following a semicolon |
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41 | (2) |
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To introduce a series of items |
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Except when a series of items directly follows a verb or preposition |
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With two independent clauses when the second explains the first |
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Capitalization following a colon |
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After the salutation in a business letter |
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43 | (3) |
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Use of double quotation marks |
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Capitalization with quotations |
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Commas introducing, interrupting, and ending quotations |
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Periods and commas ALWAYS inside quotation marks |
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Question marks and exclamation marks with quotation marks follow logic |
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With titles of magazines, books, plays, etc. |
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Use of single quotation marks for quotations within quotations |
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Spacing between single and double quotation marks |
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With nonstandard expressions |
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With technical terms and terms used in an unusual way |
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Avoiding single quotation marks |
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With quoted material of more than one paragraph |
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46 | (2) |
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Capitalization following a question mark |
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With sentences that are half statement and half question |
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48 | (2) |
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For clarification and asides |
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Punctuation inside and outside parentheses |
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Comma placement with parentheses |
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50 | (6) |
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Possession with singular nouns |
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Possession with common nouns ending in s |
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Possession with proper nouns ending in s |
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Possession by inanimate objects |
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Plural possession with regular nouns |
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No apostrophe with plural regular nouns |
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Plural possession with irregular nouns |
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Plural possession with names ending in s |
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No apostrophe with plural names |
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Possession with singular compound nouns |
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To show joint or separate possession |
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With initials, capital letters, and numbers used as nouns |
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Apostrophes vs. single quotation marks |
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56 | (7) |
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With spans of time, distance, or other quantities |
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With units, abbreviations, or symbols |
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With spelled-out fractions |
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Proper nouns of more than one word as compound adjectives |
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Hyphens with prefixes and suffixes |
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Prefixes with proper nouns or proper adjectives |
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Prefixes with double vowels |
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With self-, ex-, and all- |
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Suffixes not usually hyphenated |
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Suffixes and double letters |
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Using discretion and a dictionary |
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63 | (2) |
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Em dashes and subject agreement |
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In place of other punctuation |
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With open compound adjectives |
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65 | (1) |
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Definition and three-dot method |
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With omitted words or sentences |
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To express hesitation, changes of mood, etc. |
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66 | (1) |
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To show emotion, emphasis, or surprise |
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Replacing periods and mid-sentence commas |
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Avoidance in formal business writing |
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66 | (3) |
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In formal writing use hyphen or the word or |
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69 | (10) |
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First word of a document and after a period |
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Proper nouns and adjectives derived from proper nouns |
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Reference list of capitalized categories |
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Reference list of lowercase categories |
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Thorny aspects of capitalization |
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Geographic regions vs. points of the compass |
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City, town, county, etc., before a proper name |
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First word of a quotation |
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Midsentence independent clauses or questions |
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Course titles vs. academic subjects |
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Lowercase the national anthem |
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Titles of books, plays, films, songs, etc. |
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79 | (6) |
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Using figures vs. spelling out numbers |
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Numbers beginning a sentence |
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Hyphenating compound numbers |
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Figures of four or more digits |
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Writing out numbers of three or more digits |
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Use lowercase when spelling out |
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Using apostrophes with incomplete numerals |
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Avoiding apostrophe + s with complete numerals |
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5 Confusing Words and Homonyms |
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85 | (70) |
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Their vs. there vs. they're |
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Hundreds more words and homonyms that perplex and confound |
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155 | (38) |
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155 | (18) |
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Finding Nouns, Verbs, and Subjects Quiz 1 |
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157 | (1) |
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Finding Nouns, Verbs, and Subjects Quiz 2 |
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157 | (1) |
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Subject and Verb Agreement Quiz 1 |
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158 | (1) |
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Subject and Verb Agreement Quiz 2 |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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Who, Whom, Whoever, Whomever Quiz 1 |
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162 | (1) |
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Who, Whom, Whoever, Whomever Quiz 2 |
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163 | (1) |
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Who, Whom, That, Which Quiz 1 |
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163 | (1) |
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Who, Whom, That, Which Quiz 2 |
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164 | (1) |
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Adjectives and Adverbs Quiz 1 |
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164 | (1) |
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Adjectives and Adverbs Quiz 2 |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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Their vs. There vs. They're Quiz 1 |
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170 | (1) |
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Their vs. There vs. They're Quiz 2 |
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170 | (1) |
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More Confusing Words and Homonyms Quiz 1 |
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171 | (1) |
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More Confusing Words and Homonyms Quiz 2 |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (2) |
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Punctuation, Capitalization, and Writing Numbers Pretest |
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175 | (14) |
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Commas and Periods Quiz 1 |
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177 | (1) |
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Commas and Periods Quiz 2 |
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178 | (1) |
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Semicolons and Colons Quiz 1 |
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179 | (1) |
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Semicolons and Colons Quiz 2 |
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180 | (1) |
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Question Marks and Quotation Marks Quiz 1 |
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181 | (1) |
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Question Marks and Quotation Marks Quiz 2 |
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181 | (1) |
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Parentheses and Brackets Quiz 1 |
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182 | (1) |
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Parentheses and Brackets Quiz 2 |
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182 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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Hyphens Between Words Quiz 1 |
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184 | (1) |
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Hyphens Between Words Quiz 2 |
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185 | (1) |
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Hyphens with Prefixes and Suffixes Quiz 1 |
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186 | (1) |
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Hyphens with Prefixes and Suffixes Quiz 2 |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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Punctuation, Capitalization, and Writing Numbers Mastery Test |
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189 | (4) |
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193 | (36) |
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193 | (18) |
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Finding Nouns, Verbs, and Subjects Quiz 1 Answers |
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195 | (1) |
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Finding Nouns, Verbs, and Subjects Quiz 2 Answers |
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195 | (1) |
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Subject and Verb Agreement Quiz 1 Answers |
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196 | (1) |
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Subject and Verb Agreement Quiz 2 Answers |
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196 | (1) |
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Irregular Verbs Quiz 1 Answers |
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197 | (1) |
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Irregular Verbs Quiz 2 Answers |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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Who, Whom, Whoever, Whomever Quiz 1 Answers |
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199 | (1) |
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Who, Whom, Whoever, Whomever Quiz 2 Answers |
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200 | (1) |
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Who, Whom, That, Which Quiz 1 Answers |
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201 | (1) |
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Who, Whom, That, Which Quiz 2 Answers |
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201 | (1) |
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Adjectives and Adverbs Quiz 1 Answers |
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202 | (1) |
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Adjectives and Adverbs Quiz 2 Answers |
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202 | (1) |
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Prepositions Quiz 1 Answers |
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203 | (1) |
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Prepositions Quiz 2 Answers |
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204 | (1) |
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Affect vs. Effect Quiz 1 Answers |
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204 | (1) |
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Affect vs. Effect Quiz 2 Answers |
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205 | (1) |
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Lay vs. Lie Quiz 1 Answers |
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205 | (1) |
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Lay vs. Lie Quiz 2 Answers |
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206 | (1) |
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Advice vs. Advise Quiz 1 Answers |
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206 | (1) |
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Advice vs. Advise Quiz 2 Answers |
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206 | (1) |
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Their vs. There vs. They're Quiz 1 Answers |
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207 | (1) |
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Their vs. There vs. They're Quiz 2 Answers |
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207 | (1) |
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More Confusing Words and Homonyms Quiz 1 Answers |
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208 | (1) |
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More Confusing Words and Homonyms Quiz 2 Answers |
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208 | (1) |
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Effective Writing Quiz 1 Answers |
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209 | (1) |
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Effective Writing Quiz 2 Answers |
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210 | (1) |
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Grammar Mastery Test Answers |
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211 | (2) |
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Punctuation, Capitalization, and Writing Numbers Pretest Answers |
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213 | (13) |
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Commas and Periods Quiz 1 Answers |
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215 | (1) |
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Commas and Periods Quiz 2 Answers |
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216 | (1) |
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Semicolons and Colons Quiz 1 Answers |
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216 | (1) |
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Semicolons and Colons Quiz 2 Answers |
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217 | (1) |
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Question Marks and Quotation Marks Quiz 1 Answers |
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218 | (1) |
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Question Marks and Quotation Marks Quiz 2 Answers |
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219 | (1) |
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Parentheses and Brackets Quiz 1 Answers |
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219 | (1) |
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Parentheses and Brackets Quiz 2 Answers |
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220 | (1) |
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Apostrophes Quiz 1 Answers |
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220 | (1) |
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Apostrophes Quiz 2 Answers |
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221 | (1) |
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Hyphens Between Words Quiz 1 Answers |
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222 | (1) |
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Hyphens Between Words Quiz 2 Answers |
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222 | (1) |
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Hyphens with Prefixes and Suffixes Quiz 1 Answers |
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223 | (1) |
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Hyphens with Prefixes and Suffixes Quiz 2 Answers |
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223 | (1) |
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Capitalization Quiz 1 Answers |
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224 | (1) |
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Capitalization Quiz 2 Answers |
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224 | (1) |
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Writing Numbers Quiz 1 Answers |
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225 | (1) |
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Writing Numbers Quiz 2 Answers |
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226 | (1) |
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Punctuation, Capitalization, and Writing Numbers Mastery Test Answers |
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226 | (3) |
| Index |
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229 | |
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām