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E-grāmata: Brain Mapping: The Disorders: The Disorders

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Edited by (Functional Imaging Laboratory, Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK), Edited by (University of California, Los Angeles, U.S.A.), Edited by (University of California, Los Angeles, U.S.A.)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Sērija : Brain Mapping: The Trilogy
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-May-2000
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780080528267
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Brain Mapping: The Disorders: The DisordersPalielināt
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Sērija : Brain Mapping: The Trilogy
  • Izdošanas datums: 24-May-2000
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780080528267
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Specialists from around the world describe the use of brain mapping technologies in evaluating patients with neurological, neurosurgical, and psychiatric disorders. Arranged by disorder, the 26 highly illustrated studies examine background and technical issues; neurological, pediatric, and psychiatric disorders; and therapeutics and the recovery of function. Among the examples of specific techniques to evaluate patients with specific disorders are functional imaging studies of aphasia, magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis, and functional neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia. This is the third volume of four devoted to brain mapping. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Brain Mapping: The Disorders is the first comprehensive text to describe the uses of the latest brain mapping technologies in the evaluation of patients with neurological, neurosurgical and psychiatric disorders. With contributions from the leading figures in the field, this heavily illustrated text is organized by disorders of brain systems, with specific examples of how one should use current neuroimaging techniques to evaluate patients with specific cerebral disorders. Comprehensive in scope, the text discusses patient evaluations using the wide range of modern magnetic resonance imaging techniques, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, optical intrinsic signal imaging, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The third in this brain mapping series, Brain Mapping: The Disorders, is the ultimate text for anyone interested in the use of brain mapping techniques to study patients with disorders of the central nervous system.

Key Features
* Provides a comprehensive, in-depth view of the current brain mapping techniques as they are used in the evaluation of patients with cerebral disorders
* Heavily illustrated to provide actual examples of the use of the specific techniques
* Includes contributions from the leaders in the field ensure authoritative and up-to-date material
* Completes the trilogy of three brain mapping texts dealing, respectively, with the methods, the applications of these methods in the normal brain and in patients with neurological, neurosurgical, and psychiatric disorders

Brain Mapping: The Disorders is the first comprehensive text to describe the uses of the latest brain mapping technologies in the evaluation of patients with neurological, neurosurgical and psychiatric disorders. With contributions from the leading figures in the field, this heavily illustrated text is organized by disorders of brain systems, with specific examples of how one should use current neuroimaging techniques to evaluate patients with specific cerebral disorders. Comprehensive in scope, the text discusses patient evaluations using the wide range of modern magnetic resonance imaging techniques, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, optical intrinsic signal imaging, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The third in this brain mapping series, Brain Mapping: The Disorders, is the ultimate text for anyone interested in the use of brain mapping techniques to study patients with disorders of the central nervous system.

Key Features
* Provides a comprehensive, in-depth view of the current brain mapping techniques as they are used in the evaluation of patients with cerebral disorders
* Heavily illustrated to provide actual examples of the use of the specific techniques
* Includes contributions from the leaders in the field ensure authoritative and up-to-date material
* Completes the trilogy of three brain mapping texts dealing, respectively, with the methods, the applications of these methods in the normal brain and in patients with neurological, neurosurgical, and psychiatric disorders

Recenzijas

"a delightfully readable and reasonably comprehensive review of the vast array of investigations seeking to map mind and brain. The figures are magnificent, both in their beauty and their effectiveness in conveying key concepts. ...will remain an important resource regarding the history of the field and the issues that must be faced in designing and interpreting brain mapping experiments. ...Brain Mapping: The Disorders provides an extraordinary guide to the use of functional imaging and atlases in clinical diagnosis, management, and research. ...provides the reader with a uniquely expansive perspective on brain mapping. The authors span many nations and several disciplines; the result is a sweeping view of the field." --ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY (April 2001)

"Brain Mapping: The Disorders is one of the most impressive arguments for the potential utility of functional imaging in clinical neuroscience that I am aware of...A broad range of readers with an interest in neurological or psychiatric disease will find much to engage them in this large book." --P.M. Matthews, University Department of Clinical Neurology, The Radcliffe Infirmary, in BRAIN (2001)

Papildus informācija

Key Features * Provides a comprehensive, in-depth view of the current brain mapping techniques as they are used in the evaluation of patients with cerebral disorders * Heavily illustrated to provide actual examples of the use of the specific techniques * Includes contributions from the leaders in the field ensure authoritative and up-to-date material * Completes the trilogy of three brain mapping texts dealing, respectively, with the methods, the applications of these methods in the normal brain and in patients with neurological, neurosurgical, and psychiatric disorders
Contributors xi Foreword xv Preface xvii Acknowledgments xix I Background and Technical Issues The Study of Human Disease with Brain Mapping Methods John C. Mazziotta Richard S. J. Frackowiak Diagnostic Methods 6(13) Surgical Strategies 19(1) Atlases 20(4) Plasticity 24(2) References 26(7) Experimental Design and Statistical Issues Karl J. Friston Introduction 33(1) Functional Specialization and Integration 34(2) Spatial Realignment and Anatomical Normalization 36(1) Statistical Parametric Mapping and Functional Specialization 37(5) Experimental Design 42(3) Designing fMRI Experiments: A Signal-Processing Perspective 45(3) Epoch-and Event-Related Studies 48(3) Inferences about Subjects and Populations 51(2) Effective Connectivity and Functional Integration 53(1) Specialization, Integration, and the Lesion-Deficit Model 54(6) References 56(4) Preoperative Brain Mapping John C. Mazziotta Lesion Localization and Characterization 60(7) Targeting 67(3) Cortical Mapping 70(2) Surgical Planning 72(5) References 73(4) Intraoperative Brain Mapping Arthur W. Toga George A. Ojemann Jeffrey G. Ojemann Andrew F. Cannestra Introduction 77(1) Electrical Stimulation Mapping (ESM) 78(5) Relation between ESM and Functional Imaging 83(1) Electrophysiological Correlates of Cognition Derived Intraoperatively 83(1) Optical Imaging Intraoperatively 84(7) Intraoperative Structural Maps 91(9) Summary 100(7) References 100(7) Intraoperative Visualization Ron Kikinis Neerav R. Mehta Arya Nabavi Emmanouel Chatzidakis Simon Warfield David Gering Neil Weisenfeld Richard S. Pergolizzi, Jr. Richard B. Schwartz Nobuhiko Hata William Wells III Eric Grimson Peter McL. Black Ferenc A. Jolesz Background and Introduction 107(1) Surgical Planning 108(8) Intraoperative MRI 116(10) Concluding Remarks 126(5) References 127(4) Disease-Specific Brain Atlases Paul M. Thompson Michael S. Mega Arthur W. Toga Challenges in Population-Based Brain Mapping 131(3) Types of Brain Atlases 134(3) Analyzing Brain Data 137(1) Individualized Brain Atlases 138(5) Model-Driven Deformable Atlases 143(3) Probabilistic Atlases 146(4) Atlas-Based Pathology Detection 150(5) Cortical Modeling 155(2) Cortical Averaging 157(7) Brain Averaging 164(4) Dynamic (4D) Brain Atlases 168(1) Conclusion 168(13) References 170(11) II Neurological Disorders Functional Imaging Studies of Aphasia Cathy J. Price Neurological and Neuropsychological Models of Language 181(3) Neuroimaging Studies of Aphasic Patients 184(2) Examples of How Neuroimaging Experiments on Aphasic Patients Have Contributed to Normal and Abnormal Models of Language 186(10) Conclusions 196(6) References 198(4) The Functional Neuroimaging of Memory Disorders P. C. Fletcher Functional and Structural Studies: Major Conceptual Differences 202(2) Exploring Memory Impairment with PET and fMRI: Conceptual Difficulties 204(2) Overcoming the Difficulties: Making Functional Neuroimaging Useful to the Study of Memory Impairment 206(8) Summary 214(4) References 214(4) Brain Mapping in Dementia Michael S. Mega Paul M. Thompson Arthur W. Toga Jeffrey L. Cummings Structural Imaging 218(8) Functional Imaging 226(6) Summary 232(9) References 234(7) Movement Disorders: Parkinsons Disease D. Eidelberg C. Edwards M. Mentis V. Dhawan J. R. Moeller Introduction 241(1) Dopamine System Imaging in Parkinsonism 242(3) Functional Brain Imaging in the Resting State 245(4) Brain Activation Studies: Motor Execution and Learning 249(1) Functional Brain Imaging in the Assessment of Therapeutic Interventions 250(7) Conclusion 257(6) References 257(6) Movement Disorders: Other Hypokinetic Disorders David J. Brooks Multiple-System Atrophy 263(5) Progressive Supranuclear Palsy 268(7) Corticobasal Degeneration 275(3) Dopa-Responsive Dystonia 278(1) Akinetic-Rigid Huntingtons Disease 279(2) Conclusions 281(4) References 281(4) Functional Imaging in Hyperkinetic Disorders Guy Sawle Tremor 285(2) Dystonia 287(3) Tics 290(2) Chorea 292(2) Tardive Dyskinesia 294(1) Restless Legs Syndrome 295(4) References 295(4) Functional Imaging in Vascular Disorders J. C. Baron G. Marchal Brief Overview of Methods Employed 299(1) Normal Physiology and Basic Pathophysiology of Brain Perfusion and Metabolism 300(3) Long-Standing Arterial Obstruction: Mapping Hemodynamic Failure 303(1) Acute Ischemic Stroke: Mapping the Core, the Penumbra, and the Reperfused Tissue 303(5) Remote Metabolic Effects of Stroke 308(3) Receptor Studies in Vascular Disorders 311(6) References 312(5) The Epilepsies John S. Duncan Introduction 317(1) Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Cerebral Blood Flow and Glucose Metabolism 318(5) Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Specific Ligands 323(7) Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography 330(4) Functional MRI 334(2) Diffusion-Weighted MRI 336(1) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 336(6) Electrophysiological Imaging 342(15) References 343(14) MRI in Multiple Sclerosis Guojun Zhao David K. B. Li Donald Paty Imaging in the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis 357(7) MRI in Natural History Studies of Multiple Sclerosis 364(8) Clinical Correlations with MRI Findings 372(2) MRI-Pathological Correlation 374(1) Application of MRI in Monitoring of Clinical Trials 375(4) Evaluation of in Vivo Pathology with Newer MR Techniques 379(2) Summary 381(7) References 381(7) Structural and Functional Imaging of Cerebral Neoplasia Jeffry R. Alger Timothy F. Cloughesy Introduction 388(1) The Clinical Challenges 388(15) Recent Neuroimaging Progress Related to Intracranial Neoplasms 403(8) Summary and a Look into the Crystal Ball 411(6) References 412(5) Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Cerebellum Sid Gilman Mary Heumann Larry Junck Introduction 417(1) Friedreichs Ataxia 418(3) The Hereditary Cerebellar Degenerations 421(11) The Sporadic Cerebellar Degenerations 432(28) References 447(13) III Pediatric Disorders Dyslexia and Related Learning Disorders: Recent Advances from Brain Imaging Studies Michel Habib Jean-Francois Demonet Brain Mechanisms in Dyslexia: An Overview, with Special Emphasis on Morphological Brain Imaging 460(5) Event-Related Potentials and Developmental Language Disorders 465(1) Functional Brain Imaging in Dyslexia 466(12) Conclusion 478(7) References 479(6) IV Psychiatric Disorders Depression Helen S. Mayberg Introduction 485(1) Depression in Neurological Disease 486(5) Idiopathic Depression 491(6) Parallel Studies of Normal Sadness 497(1) Working Model of Depression 498(11) References 500(9) The Neurobiology of Anxiety and Anxiety-Related Disorders: A Functional Neuroimaging Perspective P. Chua R. J. Dolan Introduction 509(1) Conceptual Issues in Neurobiological Accounts of Anxiety 510(1) Fear and Emotional Processing in the Brain 511(1) Neuroimaging Studies of Fear Processing 512(1) Classical Conditioning as a Model of Fear Learning 512(2) Processing Learned Fear Responses with and without Awareness 514(1) Amygdala Interactions Related to Processing Aware and Nonaware Fear-Relevant Stimuli 515(1) Induction of Anxiety in Volunteer Subjects 516(1) Psychopathological Studies of Anxiety Disorders 517(1) A Neuroanatomical Model of Anxiety 518(1) Outstanding Issues in Understanding Mechanisms of Anxiety 519(1) A Model of Emotional Processing 519(1) Conclusions 520(3) References 520(3) Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Schizophrenia Sarah-J. Blakemore Chris D. Frith Introduction 523(2) Neuropathology 525(1) Structural Studies 525(3) Neuroreceptor Imaging of Antipsychotics Using PET 528(1) Cognitive Activation Studies 529(8) Imaging Symptoms 537(2) Obstacles to Functional Neuroimaging and Schizophrenia Studies 539(2) Conclusion 541(4) References 541(4) Addictive States Frank W. Telang Nora D. Volkow Introduction 545(1) Pharmacological Properties of Drugs of Abuse in the Human Brain 546(3) Imaging and Addictive Processes: Evaluation of the Addicted Subject 549(1) Studies with Abused Drugs 550(12) Conclusions 562(7) References 562(7) V Therapeutics and Recovery of Function Plasticity Mark Hallett Introduction 569(1) Methods 570(1) Peripheral Lesions 571(4) Spinal Cord Lesions 575(1) Brain Lesions 575(2) Activity/Learning 577(4) Blind, Cross-Modal Plasticity 581(1) Severe Sensory Neuropathy 582(1) Maladaptive Plasticity 582(6) References 584(4) Recovery of Neurological Function Francois Chollet Cornelius Weiller Evidence for Spontaneous Cerebral Reorganization during Recovery in Stroke Patients 588(2) Learning Processes and Recovery of Neurological Function 590(2) Pharmacological Approach to Recovery of Neurological Function: Neuromodulation of Brain Networks 592(7) References 594(5) Therapeutics: Pharmacologic William H. Theodore Introduction 599(1) Imaging Studies of the Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs 600(6) Drugs in Basal Ganglia and Movement Disorders 606(1) Cognitive Dysfunction and Dementia 606(1) Imaging Studies of ``Antipsychotic Drugs 607(2) Conclusion: The Possibility of Individualizing Therapy 609(4) References 609(4) Therapeutics: Surgical Robert S. Turner Thomas Henry Scott T. Grafton Introduction 613(2) Surgical Therapies for Parkinsons Disease 615(17) Surgical Therapies for Tremor 632(1) Surgical Therapies for Epilepsy 632(14) Summary 646(9) References 646(9) Index 655
Dr. Mazziotta is a Professor of Neurology, Radiological Sciences, and Pharmacology and the Pierson Lovelace Investigator at UCLA, as well as the Director of the UCLA Brain Mapping Program that he established in 1993. Dr. Mazziotta has published more than 190 research papers and five texts and has received numerous honor and achievement awards including the Oldendorf Award of the American Society of Neuroimaging, the S. Weir Mitchell Award of the American Academy of Neurology, and the Von Hevesy Prize from the International Society of Nuclear Medicine. Dr. Mazziotta has been chair of the Scientific Issues and Program Committee of the American Academy of Neurology. He is the President-Elect of the American Neuroimaging Society and is the President of the Brain Mapping Medical Research Organization. He is also Co-Editor-in-Chief of NeuroImage.
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