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E-grāmata: Bromley's Family Law

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Gillian Douglas (Professor of Law Emerita, King's College London), Emma Hitchings (Professor of Family Law, University of Bristol), Nigel Lowe (QC (Hon), Emeritus Professor of Law, Cardiff University), Rachel Taylor (Associate Professor of Law, University of Oxford and Fellow in Law, Exeter)

Formāts: 1008 pages
Izdošanas datums: 31-May-2021
Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
Valoda: eng
ISBN-13: 9780192576224

Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

Family law

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Formāts: 1008 pages
Izdošanas datums: 31-May-2021
Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
Valoda: eng
ISBN-13: 9780192576224

Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

Family law

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Relied on by generations of students and practitioners alike, Bromley's Family Law remains the definitive guide to the subject.

Updated by experts in the area, Nigel Lowe, Gillian Douglas, Emma Hitchings, and Rachel Taylor provide an accurate and detailed yet highly readable account of family law. The text presents a broad and comprehensive treatment of the key issues relating to adult and child law in a clear and distilled manner. Regular headings break up the text and allow easy navigation and quick reference for both students new to the subject and those in practice.

The new edition has been fully edited and updated to take account of the latest case law and legislation, while also reflecting new debates and emerging issues in the area.

Digital formats and resources

The twelfth edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats.

The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks

Recenzijas

Adjectives such as 'accessible' and 'readable' spring to mind when describing this book. It lends itself to being dipped into. Authoritative without being didactic, Bromley's is a perennial favourite. * Tony Roe, Law Society Gazette * Well researched...critical analysis of legal principles with the use of critical perspectives * Dr. Maureen Mapp, Birmingham Law School *

Table of statutes

xxii

Table of cases

xlviii

1 Introduction

(29)

A The nature and scope of family law

(3)

1 The meaning of 'family'

(2)

2 The functions of family law

(1)

B Trends in family law

(13)

1 Equalisation of legal position of men and women

(2)

2 Shift in emphasis from past fault to future needs

(1)

3 Shift of attention from adults to children

(1)

4 Growing recognition of cohabitation

(2)

5 Greater recognition of same-sex relationships

(1)

6 Greater focus on autonomy and individualism

(2)

7 Private ordering and the withdrawal of legal aid

(4)

8 Multi-disciplinary and specialist approaches to family problems

(1)

C The family justice system

(4)

1 The development of the family court 'system'

(1)

2 Pressure for a family court and the Family Justice Review

(1)

3 The single family court

(1)

4 Privacy and transparency in family proceedings

(2)

D The internationalisation of family law

(9)

1 UNCRC

(1)

2 ECHR

(3)

3 Other conventions and international instruments of influence

(4)

2 Forming Intimate Enduring Adult Relationships

(53)

A Introduction

(1)

B Marriage

(4)

1 The right to marry

(2)

2 The nature of marriage

(1)

3 Definition of marriage

(1)

C The recognition of same-sex relationships and the creation of civil partnerships

(4)

1 The introduction of civil partnerships

(1)

2 The Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013

(1)

3 The extension of civil partnerships to opposite-sex couples

(2)

D Agreements to marry or form a civil partnership

(1)

E Entry into marriage

(14)

1 Capacity to marry

(5)

2 Formalities of marriage

(8)

F Presumption of marriage

(2)

G Civil partnership

(2)

1 Entry into civil partnership

(1)

2 Conversion of civil partnership into marriage-and vice versa?

(1)

H Determining the validity or nullity of a marriage or civil partnership

(17)

1 Introduction

(1)

2 Declaration as to marital status

(1)

3 Nullity of marriage order (formerly decree)

(16)

I Establishing the validity of a civil partnership

(1)

1 Annulment of a civil partnership

(1)

2 Void civil partnerships

(1)

3 Voidable civil partnerships

(1)

J Cohabiting relationships

(8)

1 Introduction

(1)

2 Defining cohabitation

(5)

3 A general definition?

(2)

3 The Personal And Property Consequences Of Marriage, Civil Partnership And Cohabitation

(25)

A Introduction

(4)

1 The doctrine of unity

(1)

2 The concept of consortium

(2)

B Personal consequences

(8)

1 Identity-use of surname

(1)

2 Sexual intercourse

(1)

3 Financial support

(1)

4 Private law obligations

(3)

5 Public law consequences

(3)

C Property consequences

(13)

1 Historical introduction

(3)

2 The modern law

(7)

3 Reform proposals

105

(3)

4 The Family Home

108

(37)

A Introduction

108

(1)

B Ownership

109

(23)

1 The background to the current law

109

(2)

2 The current law

111

(21)

C Occupation

132

(5)

1 Home rights

132

(3)

2 Other forms of protected occupation

135

(2)

D Reform

137

(8)

1 Sharing ownership

137

(1)

2 Providing a discretionary remedial regime

138

(7)

5 Protection From Domestic Abuse

145

(51)

A Introduction

145

(7)

1 The definition of domestic abuse

145

(1)

2 The scale of domestic abuse

146

(2)

3 Government strategy over time

148

(3)

4 Gender-based abuse as a breach of human rights

151

(1)

B Protection afforded by the criminal law

152

(9)

1 The criminal justice system

152

(3)

2 The Protection from Harassment Act 1997

155

(5)

3 The Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme

160

(1)

4 Offence of controlling or coercive behaviour

160

(1)

C Civil law remedies

161

(28)

1 The Family Law Act 1996 Part IV

162

(16)

2 Protection from Harassment Act 1997

178

(1)

3 Injunctions in other civil proceedings

179

(1)

4 Forced marriage protection orders

180

(4)

5 Female genital mutilation

184

(2)

6 Domestic violence protection notices and orders

186

(1)

7 Stalking protection orders

187

(2)

D Looking to the future: the domestic abuse bill

189

(5)

1 Statutory definition of domestic abuse

189

(1)

2 The Domestic Abuse Commissioner

190

(1)

3 Domestic Abuse Protection Notices and Orders (DAPNs and DAPOs)

190

(3)

4 Protecting victims and witnesses in court

193

(1)

5 Additional reforms

194

(1)

E Concluding thoughts

194

(2)

6 Divorce And Dissolution

196

(30)

A Introduction

196

(3)

1 Divorce before 1857

197

(1)

2 The Matrimonial Causes Act 1857

197

(1)

3 Extension of the grounds for divorce

198

(1)

4 The Divorce Reform Act 1969

198

(1)

B The Matrimonial Causes Act 1973

199

(13)

1 The former substantive law

199

(10)

2 The procedure for obtaining a divorce

209

(2)

3 Reconciliation

211

(1)

C The path to reform

212

(7)

1 The Law Commission's proposals

213

(2)

2 Divorce under the Family Law Act 1996

215

(1)

3 Lessons from the Family Law Act 1996

216

(1)

4 Achieving reform

217

(2)

D The Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020

219

(4)

1 Irretrievable breakdown remains sole ground for divorce

220

(1)

2 Joint applications

221

(1)

3 Conditional and final orders

221

(1)

4 26 week timeframe

221

(2)

E Dissolution of civil partnership

223

(1)

F Judicial separation and separation orders

224

(2)

7 Child Support

226

(31)

A Introduction

226

(1)

B Parents' duty to maintain children

227

(1)

C Maintenance under the Child Support Act 1991

227

(16)

1 Background

227

(3)

2 The key features of the child support scheme

230

(3)

3 Application for a maintenance calculation

233

(1)

4 Making the child support calculation

234

(2)

5 Variations

236

(3)

6 Termination and alteration of calculations

239

(1)

7 Appeals

239

(1)

8 Collection and enforcement

239

(4)

D The residual jurisdiction of the courts

243

(11)

1 Where there is no jurisdiction under the Child Support Act

243

(1)

2 Orders instead of or in addition to child support

244

(10)

E Private agreements

254

(1)

F Evaluation

255

(2)

8 Financial Remedies: The Court's Powers

257

(24)

A Introduction

257

(6)

1 The settlement culture

258

(1)

2 The court's powers

259

(2)

3 Application for orders

261

(1)

4 Financial remedies procedure

262

(1)

B Orders that may be made

263

(16)

1 Maintenance pending suit and legal services orders

263

(2)

2 Periodical payments

265

(1)

3 Lump sum payments

266

(2)

4 Orders in relation to pensions

268

(3)

5 Orders in relation to property

271

(5)

6 Marriage or relevant settlements

276

(1)

7 Costs and the legal aid statutory charge

277

(2)

8 The limits of the court's powers

279

(1)

C Financial provision after divorce etc or dissolution: comparable provisions under the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 and Civil Partnership Act 2004

279

(2)

9 Financial Remedies: Principles And Assessment

281

(69)

A Introduction

281

(14)

1 The objective of the jurisdiction

281

(1)

2 Fairness

282

(6)

3 Treating the welfare of any child of the family as the first consideration

288

(1)

4 Placing greater emphasis on the parties becoming self-sufficient

289

(5)

5 The current approach

294

(1)

B Factors to be taken into account when assessing what orders should be made for a spouse

295

(24)

1 Income, earning capacity, property and resources

295

(10)

2 Needs, obligations and responsibilities

305

(4)

3 Standard of living

309

(1)

4 Age and duration of marriage

309

(3)

5 Disability

312

(1)

6 Contribution

312

(3)

7 Conduct

315

(3)

8 Loss of benefit

318

(1)

C Private ordering: agreements between the parties

319

(14)

1 Pre- and post-nuptial agreements

319

(8)

2 Separation and maintenance agreements

327

(2)

3 Consent orders

329

(4)

D Appeals and variations

333

(8)

1 Appeals

333

(4)

2 Variation of orders

337

(4)

E Reform

341

(9)

1 Marital property agreements

343

(2)

2 Needs and non-matrimonial property

345

(2)

3 Wider questions

347

(3)

10 The Legal Position Of Children

350

(38)

A Introduction

350

(1)

B The meaning of 'child'

350

(1)

C The meaning of 'child of the family'

351

(1)

D The child's status

352

(7)

1 Introduction

352

(1)

2 The concept of legitimacy

353

(3)

3 Declarations of status

356

(1)

4 The significance of the child's status

356

(2)

5 Should reference be made to legitimacy and illegitimacy?

358

(1)

E The changing nature of the parent-child relationship

359

(19)

1 Introduction

359

(1)

2 The initial strength of the father's position

360

(3)

3 The strengthening of the mother's position

363

(2)

4 The increasing recognition of the child's position

365

(13)

F Children's rights

378

(10)

1 International recognition of children's rights

378

(4)

2 Domestic recognition of children's rights

382

(6)

11 Parents And Guardians

388

(48)

A Introduction

388

(1)

B Legal parenthood

388

(39)

1 Who are the legal parents of a child?

389

(1)

2 Who is the legal mother?

389

(3)

3 Who is the legal father?

392

(5)

4 Female parenthood

397

(1)

5 Overall summary and commentary

398

(3)

6 Establishing or contesting parenthood

401

(10)

7 Declarations of parentage

411

(1)

8 Registration of births

412

(1)

9 Discovering genetic parentage

413

(2)

10 The legal significance of parenthood

415

(1)

11 Surrogacy agreements

416

(3)

12 Parental orders

419

(8)

C Guardianship

427

(9)

1 The position before the Children Act 1989

427

(1)

2 The current law

428

(6)

3 Distinguishing guardianship from other relationships

434

(2)

12 What Is Parental Responsibility?

436

(35)

A Introduction

436

(3)

1 International acceptance of the concept of parental responsibility

436

(1)

2 Contexts in which parental responsibility is relevant

437

(2)

B The meaning and function of 'parental responsibility'

439

(32)

1 The need to define parental responsibility

439

(1)

2 Can there be a meaningful general definition?

440

(2)

3 Further preliminary observations

442

(1)

4 What parental responsibility comprises

443

(24)

5 Liability for children's acts

467

(2)

6 Liability for interference with parents' and children's rights

469

(2)

13 Who Has Parental Responsibility?

471

(27)

A Introduction

471

(1)

B The allocation of parental responsibility at the child's birth

471

(2)

1 Mothers and fathers in a marriage or civil partnership

471

(1)

2 Female spouses and civil partners

472

(1)

3 Unmarried mothers and fathers

472

(1)

4 Unmarried mothers and female partners

472

(1)

5 Gender change

472

(1)

C Acquisition of parental responsibility subsequent to the child's birth

473

(19)

1 Acquisition of parental responsibility by unmarried fathers

473

(14)

2 Acquisition of parental responsibility by female parents who are neither married to nor in civil partnership with the mother

487

(1)

3 Acquisition of parental responsibility by step-parents

488

(2)

4 Acquisition of parental responsibility by other individuals

490

(1)

5 Acquisition of parental responsibility by local authorities

491

(1)

D In respect of whom is there responsibility?

492

(1)

E Duration of parental responsibility

493

(1)

F Sharing parental responsibility for a child

494

(1)

G Effect of third parties acquiring parental responsibility

495

(1)

H Delegation of parental responsibility

496

(1)

I Caring for a child without having parental responsibility

496

(2)

14 The Welfare Principle

498

(41)

A Introduction

498

(1)

B The paramountcy of the child's welfare

498

(29)

1 The meaning of 'welfare'

499

(15)

2 The meaning of 'paramount'

514

(13)

C Criticisms of the welfare principle

527

(2)

D The importance of an ongoing relationship with both parents after family separation

529

(2)

1 Background

529

(1)

2 The section 1(2a) presumption

529

(1)

3 Impact of the presumption

530

(1)

E Delay prima facie prejudicial to the child's welfare

531

(3)

F Orders to be made only where better than no order

534

(5)

1 Introduction and background

534

(1)

2 When section 1(5) applies

534

(1)

3 Applying section 1(5)

535

(2)

4 Form of order

537

(1)

5 The interrelationship of the paramountcy principle and section 1(5)

537

(1)

6 The interrelationship of human rights and section 1(5)

538

(1)

15 Children's Participation In Family Proceedings

539

(31)

A Introduction

539

(1)

B The obligation to have regard to the child's views

540

(5)

1 Domestic law

540

(2)

2 International obligations

542

(3)

C How children's views are investigated

545

(12)

1 Cafcass

546

(1)

2 Welfare reports

547

(5)

3 The role of the children's guardian

552

(5)

D The child's direct participation in proceedings

557

(7)

1 Private law proceedings

557

(6)

2 Public law proceedings

563

(1)

E Children as litigants

564

(2)

1 Initiating proceedings

564

(1)

2 Independent representation

564

(2)

F The need for and requirements of a child friendly family justice system

566

(4)

1 Messages from research

566

(2)

2 Conclusions: improving the representation of children in the family justice system

568

(2)

16 Private Law Proceedings Concerning Children

570

(56)

A Introduction

570

(4)

1 The original scheme of part ii

570

(1)

2 Changes made by the Children and Adoption Act 2006

571

(1)

3 Changes made by the Children and Families Act 2014

571

(3)

B Section 8 orders

574

(47)

1 The powers

574

(22)

2 General restrictions on making section 8 orders

596

(1)

3 Who may apply for section 8 orders?

597

(7)

4 Effect of child arrangements orders

604

(14)

5 When section 8 orders can be made

618

(1)

6 The enforcement powers

619

(2)

7 Varying and discharging orders

621

(1)

C Other powers

621

(3)

1 Family assistance orders

621

(3)

2 Section 37 directions

624

(1)

D Some final remarks

624

(2)

17 Public Law Proceedings Concerning Children

626

(37)

A Introduction

626

(6)

1 Some basic dilemmas

626

(1)

2 The general role of the courts and local authorities

627

(1)

3 An overview of the development of local authority powers

628

(2)

4 The current law: some key underlying principles

630

(2)

B Local authority support for children and families

632

(18)

1 General duty to children in need

632

(2)

2 Accommodating children in need

634

(9)

3 Secure accommodation

643

(7)

C Investigation of child abuse

650

(13)

1 A general duty of investigation under s 47

650

(1)

2 Co-operating with other agencies to discharge investigative duties

651

(2)

3 Short-term protection

653

(10)

18 Care And Supervision

663

(55)

A Introduction

663

(1)

1 The pre-proceedings procedure

664

(1)

B Initiating proceedings

664

(2)

1 Applicants

665

(1)

2 In respect of whom applications may be made

665

(1)

3 Parties

665

(1)

4 The court's tasks

665

(1)

C The threshold criteria

666

(25)

1 Some preliminary observations

666

(2)

2 The criteria

668

(23)

D The welfare stage

691

(2)

1 Having regard to past events

691

(1)

2 Having regard to the future-care plans

692

(1)

E Tackling delay in care proceedings

693

(1)

F Court orders

694

(14)

1 Introduction

694

(1)

2 Section 8 orders

695

(1)

3 Supervision orders

696

(4)

4 Care orders

700

(4)

5 Interim orders

704

(4)

G Discharge of care orders and discharge and variation of supervision orders

708

(2)

1 Discharge of a care order

708

(2)

2 Discharge and variation of supervision orders

710

(1)

H The position of children in care

710

(8)

1 Contact

710

(5)

2 Local authority duties towards 'looked after children'

715

(1)

3 Some concluding remarks

716

(2)

19 Adoption And Special Guardianship

718

(52)

A Introduction

718

(5)

1 The nature of adoption and background to the legislation

718

(1)

2 A comparison of adoption with other legal relationships and orders

719

(1)

3 The changing pattern of adoption

719

(2)

4 Responsibility for placing children for adoption

721

(2)

B General principles when reaching decisions about adoption

723

(3)

1 The weighting of the child's welfare

723

(3)

C Placement for adoption

726

(5)

1 Introduction

726

(1)

2 The placement scheme under the 2002 Act

726

(5)

D The making of adoption orders

731

(18)

1 Who may be adopted

731

(1)

2 Who may apply for adoption

731

(6)

3 Consent to the making of an order

737

(4)

4 Dispensing with consent

741

(8)

E Adoption and contact

749

(2)

1 Introduction

749

(1)

2 The position under the 2002 Act

750

(1)

F Post-adoption support

751

(1)

G The effects of an adoption order

752

(5)

1 Complete and permanent transfer of legal parentage

752

(2)

2 The child's change of status

754

(1)

3 Consequences of the change of status and transfer of parentage

755

(2)

H International control of intercountry adoption

757

(5)

1 Introduction

757

(1)

2 The 1993 Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption

758

(4)

I Special guardianship

762

(8)

1 Introduction

762

(1)

2 The power to make special guardianship orders

762

(2)

3 Principles upon which orders are made

764

(1)

4 Powers when making a special guardianship order

764

(1)

5 The effects of special guardianship orders

765

(1)

6 Duration of order

766

(1)

7 Special guardianship support services

766

(1)

8 Special guardianship in practice

767

(3)

20 The High Court's Inherent Powers In Respect Of Children

770

(28)

A Introduction

770

(1)

B The inherent jurisdiction

771

(9)

1 Jurisdiction and procedure

771

(1)

2 The court's powers

771

(5)

3 Local authority use of the inherent jurisdiction

776

(2)

4 Private law use of the jurisdiction

778

(2)

C Wardship

780

(17)

1 Historical development

780

(1)

2 Characteristics of the wardship jurisdiction

781

(2)

3 Who can be warded

783

(2)

4 The discretion to exercise jurisdiction

785

(1)

5 Who can apply to ward a child?

786

(1)

6 Respondents

786

(1)

7 Duration of wardship

787

(1)

8 The court's powers

787

(2)

9 The principles on which the court acts

789

(1)

10 The use of the jurisdiction

789

(8)

D Commentary

797

(1)

21 The 1996 Hague Convention On The Protection Of Children

798

(15)

A General introduction

798

(1)

B Introduction to the 1996 Convention

799

(14)

1 The aim of the Convention

799

(1)

2 Scope of the Convention

800

(1)

3 The jurisdictional rules

801

(6)

4 Applicable law

807

(2)

5 Recognition and enforcement

809

(1)

6 Co-operation

810

(2)

7 Commentary

812

(1)

22 International Parental Child Abduction

813

(62)

A Introduction

813

(1)

B Preventing children from being abducted out of the United Kingdom

814

(2)

1 Criminal sanctions

814

(1)

2 Court prohibitions against removal

815

(1)

C Dealing with children taken to or brought from another part of the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Jersey

816

(2)

1 Introduction

816

(1)

2 The Family Law Act 1986

816

(2)

D Dealing with children abducted to or brought from a 'non-convention country' outside the United Kingdom

818

(4)

1 Dealing with children abducted to a 'non-Convention state'

818

(1)

2 Dealing with children abducted from a 'non-Convention state'

819

(3)

E Dealing with children abducted to or brought from a 'Convention country'

822

(53)

1 The relevant international instruments

822

(1)

2 The 1980 Hague Abduction Convention

823

(44)

3 The 1980 European Custody Convention

867

(5)

4 Evaluating the use and effect of the 1980 Conventions

872

(3)

Index

875

Nigel Lowe is Emeritus Professor of Law at Cardiff University. He is a child law specialist with a particular expertise on adoption, wardship and the inherent jurisdiction and on international aspects of child law.

Gillian Douglas is Professor of Law Emerita at King's College London. Her work explores the relationship between family law and social change across the whole of the family life course, from the creation of families, through family obligation and relationship breakdown, to inheritance law.

Emma Hitchings is a Professor of Family Law at the University of Bristol Law School. Her research interests within the family law field include financial remedies on relationship breakdown and the family justice system.

Rachel Taylor is an Associate Professor of Law at the University of Oxford and Fellow in Law at Exeter College, Oxford. Her research interests concern the protection and implementation of children's rights.

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Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/97801925762246e.html

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E-grāmata: Bromley's Family Law

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