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E-grāmata: Building an Intuitive Multimodal Interface for a Smart Home: Hunting the SNARK

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This book describes an innovative approach to the interaction between humans and a smart environment; an attempt to get a smart home to understand intuitive, multi-modal, human-centred communication. State of the art smart homes, like other “smart” technology, tend to demand that the human user must adapt herself to the needs of the system. The hunt for a truly user-centred, truly intuitive system has long proven to be beyond the grasp of current technology.When humans speak with one another, we are multimodal. Our speech is supplemented with gestures, which serve as a parallel stream of information, reinforcing the meaning of our words.Drawing on well-established protocols in engineering and psychology, and with no small amount of inspiration from a particular nonsense poem, we have successfully concluded that hunt. This book describes the efforts, undertaken over several years, to design, implement, and test a model of interaction that allows untrained individuals to intuitively control a complex series of networked and embedded systems. The theoretical concepts are supported by a series of experimental studies, showing the advantages of the novel approach, and pointing towards future work that would facilitate the deployment of this concept in the real world.
1 "... A Lesson in Natural History": Introduction to the Smart Home
1(6)
1.1 Smart Environments
2(1)
1.2 The Smart Home
2(2)
1.3 Casa Vecchia: Making an "Old House" Smart
4(3)
References
5(2)
2 "... If I Had but the Time and You Had but the Brain...": Computer-Centered Computing
7(10)
2.1 Human-Computer Interaction
8(1)
2.2 A Gesture of Goodwill
9(2)
2.3 Speech and Sound
11(6)
References
14(3)
3 "Just the Place for a Snark!": An Introduction to Calm Technology
17(4)
3.1 Calm Technology: "... As Refreshing as Taking a Walk in the Woods"
17(1)
3.2 Understanding Calm
18(1)
3.3 Is "Calm" Necessary?
18(3)
References
19(2)
4 "What I Tell You Three Times Is True": The S.N.A.R.K. Circuit
21(6)
4.1 A New Paradigm Part 1---The Bellman's Protocol
22(1)
4.2 A New Paradigm Part 2---The B.O.O.J.U.M.
22(1)
4.3 A New Paradigm Part 3---The S.N.A.R.K. Circuit
23(4)
References
24(3)
5 "Do All that You Know, and Try All that You Don't...": Models of Intuitive Interaction
27(10)
5.1 The Voice-Centered Method
28(4)
5.2 The Gesture-Centered Method
32(5)
5.2.1 Interaction Scenario
32(1)
5.2.2 The Three Gestures
33(2)
References
35(2)
6 "The Method Employed I Would Gladly Explain...": Set up, Location and Protocol
37(6)
6.1 Participants
37(1)
6.2 Familiarization
38(1)
6.3 Testing Protocol
39(1)
6.4 Technological Set up
40(3)
References
41(2)
7 "They Are Merely Conventional Signs...": Measuring Intuitive Interaction
43(6)
7.1 Intuitive Transition Between Devices
43(1)
7.2 Seamless Transfer Between Modalities
44(1)
7.3 Perception of the Home as a Single, Holistic Entity
45(1)
7.4 Data Extraction and Analysis
46(3)
References
47(2)
8 "How Do You Do?": Quantitative Results
49(6)
8.1 First Attempts: A High Standard of Failure
49(4)
8.2 Second and Third Attempts: Measuring Intuitiveness
53(2)
References
54(1)
9 "How Do You Feel?": Qualitative Results
55(6)
9.1 Likert Scales: Perception of the System
56(1)
9.2 The System Usability Scale
57(1)
9.3 Anthropological Methods and Our Conclusions
57(4)
9.3.1 Intuitive Transition Between Devices
58(1)
9.3.2 Seamless Transfer Between Modalities
58(1)
9.3.3 Seamless Transfer Between Modalities Within Methods
59(1)
9.3.4 Seamless Transfer Between Modalities Across Methods
59(1)
9.3.5 Perception of the Home as a Single Holistic Entity
60(1)
Reference
60(1)
10 "... But Much yet Remains to Be Said": A Discussion of Our Failings and Success
61(6)
10.1 Limitations
61(1)
10.2 King Midas' Ring
62(1)
10.3 Background Noise
62(2)
10.3.1 Reflections and Limitations
63(1)
10.4 The S.N.A.R.K. Was not Really a S.N.A.R.K.: Triple Redundancy
64(1)
10.5 Lack of Full Customization and Language Limitations
64(1)
10.6 Unfamiliar Territory
65(2)
References
65(2)
11 "Yet, Still, Ever After...": Future Work
67
11.1 "E un posto da Squili!"
67(2)
11.2 "The Moment One Looked in His Face"
69(2)
11.3 "And Seemed Almost Too Good to Be True"
71(2)
11.4 "... Bellowing on to the Last"
73(4)
11.5 "It Is Ages Ahead of the Fashion"
77
References
78