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Cambridge Companion to Business and Human Rights Law [Mīkstie vāki]

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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 550 pages, height x width x depth: 230x150x37 mm, weight: 990 g, Worked examples or Exercises
  • Sērija : Cambridge Companions to Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 09-Sep-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 1108820727
  • ISBN-13: 9781108820721
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Cambridge Companion to Business and Human Rights LawPalielināt
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 550 pages, height x width x depth: 230x150x37 mm, weight: 990 g, Worked examples or Exercises
  • Sērija : Cambridge Companions to Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 09-Sep-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 1108820727
  • ISBN-13: 9781108820721
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781108820721.html
Keywords:
How can businesses operate profitably and sustainably while ensuring that they are applying human rights? It is possible to apply human rights while at the same time decreasing cost and making human rights contribute to profits. Yet business efforts alone are insufficient, and states must possess sufficient regulatory power to work together with businesses and investors – not only to improve human rights but also to foster development more broadly. This textbook, the first of its kind, explores all aspects of the links between business operations and human rights. Its twenty-five chapters guide readers systematically through all the particular features of this intersection, integrating legal and business approaches. Thematic sections cover conceptual and regulatory frameworks, remedies and dispute resolution, and practical enforcement tools. Ideal for courses in business, law, policy and international development, the book is also essential reading for managers in large corporations.

This textbook takes a unique approach to the linkages between business operations and human rights. Accessible to lawyers and non-lawyers, each chapter shows in what manner business operations (including investment) impact human rights and how businesses can implement human rights while being profitable and sustainable.

Papildus informācija

An innovative textbook setting out a systematic approach to business and human rights.
List of Figures and Tables xviii
List of Contributors xix
Preface xxix
Table of Cases xxxi
List of Abbreviations xxxvi
1 Business and Human Rights: Foundations and Linkages 1(21)
Ilias Bantekas
1.1 Introduction
1(2)
1.2 Business and Human Rights from the Perspective of Corporate Law
3(11)
1.2.1 The Limited International Legal Personality of MNCs
4(2)
1.2.2 Intra-shareholding Implications of MNCs
6(3)
1.2.3 Weak Laws in Developing Countries
9(2)
1.2.4 Absence of Extraterritorial Regulation by Home States
11(3)
1.3 Business and Human Rights from the Perspective of Foreign Investment Law
14(4)
1.4 Business and Human Rights from the Perspective of Global Economic Integration
18(3)
1.5 Conclusion
21(1)
2 Reconciling International Human Rights with International Trade 22(19)
Francesco Seatzu
2.1 Introduction
22(2)
2.2 Traditional Approaches towards the Relationship between IHRL and WTO Law
24(8)
2.2.1 Human Rights against the Law of WTO
24(3)
2.2.2 Human Rights through the Law of WTO
27(2)
2.2.3 Free Trade As a Human Right
29(3)
2.3 The Rise of SDGs and Their Potential Impact on the WTO-Human Rights Relationship
32(3)
2.4 The Principle of Mutual Supportiveness and Its Possible Impact on the WTO-Human Rights Relationship
35(2)
2.5 Combining the SDGs and the Principle of Mutual Supportiveness to Address the Human Rights-WTO Tension
37(4)
3 Neoliberalism, State-Capitalism and European Ordo-Liberalism: Why Power Politics and 'Constitutional Failures' Undermine Economic Law and Human Rights 41(24)
Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann
3.1 Introduction
41(2)
3.2 Market Failures, Governance Failures and Global Emergencies
43(2)
3.3 Mainstreaming Human Rights into Multilevel Economic Regulation?
45(5)
3.4 The Psychology of International Law: Need for Constitutional Constraints
50(2)
3.5 Neoliberal 'Capture' of Trade and Investment Regulation
52(3)
3.6 The Rise of State-Capitalism Distorting International Markets
55(2)
3.7 Multilevel Judicial 'Common Law Approaches' Protecting Rule-of-Law
57(3)
3.8 Ordoliberal European Economic Constitutionalism
60(5)
4 Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility 65(21)
John Paterson
4.1 Introduction
65(1)
4.2 To Whom Do Corporations Owe Duties?
66(2)
4.3 The Economic Understanding of the Company
68(4)
4.4 Company Law
72(2)
4.5 Best Practice Approaches to Corporate Governance
74(4)
4.6 A Rule-Based Approach to Corporate Governance
78(2)
4.7 The Limits of Corporate Governance?
80(1)
4.8 Corporate Social Responsibility
81(2)
4.9 The Role of Accounting
83(1)
4.10 Conclusion
84(2)
5 The Role of Business in International Development and the Attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals 86(29)
Katerina Akestoridi
5.1 Introduction
86(3)
5.2 A Brief History of the International Development Paradigm
89(6)
5.3 Business and Sustainable Development: From Passive Involvement to Development Actors
95(7)
5.4 The UNGPs and the SDGs As Mutually Reinforcing Frameworks
102(11)
5.4.1 Case Study 1: Anti-child Labour Policy in the Textile Industry
108(2)
5.4.2 Case Study 2: Telecommunications MNE Vodafone
110(3)
5.5 Conclusion
113(2)
6 The Business Case for Human Rights: Irrelevant or Indispensable? 115(30)
Dorothee Baumann-Pauly
Lilach Trabelsi
6.1 Introduction: The Business Case for Human Rights to Address the Implementation Challenge
115(4)
6.2 New Expectations Regarding the Purpose of the Corporation
119(6)
6.2.1 The Role of Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives in the Business Case for Human Rights
119(2)
6.2.2 Towards Sustainable Business Models that Respect Human Rights
121(4)
6.3 Making Human Rights Business-Compatible: Case Illustrations of New Business Models in Two Industries
125(17)
6.3.1 Human Rights in the Garment Supply Chain: The Case of Decathlon
127(7)
6.3.2 Human Rights in the Mining Context: The Case of Trafigura
134(8)
6.4 Conclusion: Alternative Business Models to Address Human Rights Issues through Core Business Operations
142(3)
7 The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and Its Predecessors: Progress at a Snail's Pace? 145(28)
Surya Deva
7.1 Introduction
145(2)
7.2 Business and Human Rights at the UN
147(10)
7.2.1 The 1990 Draft Code
149(2)
7.2.2 The UN Global Compact
151(4)
7.2.3 The Draft UN Norms
155(2)
7.3 UN Guiding Principles
157(12)
7.3.1 Development Process
157(2)
7.3.2 The Three Pillars
159(5)
7.3.3 Good Beginning, But Not Free from Limitations
164(3)
7.3.4 Uptake and Implementation
167(2)
7.4 Comparing the UNGPs with Its Predecessors
169(2)
7.5 Conclusion
171(2)
8 The Regulatory Framework of Multinational Enterprises 173(22)
Peter Muchlinski
8.1 Introduction
173(2)
8.2 The Organisational Complexity of MNEs and GVCs
175(2)
8.2.1 Organisational Building Blocks for MNEs
175(1)
8.2.2 Organisational Building Blocks for GVCs
176(1)
8.3 Issues of Jurisdiction
177(2)
8.4 Modalities of Regulation
179(3)
8.5 MNE Group Liability for Human Rights Violations
182(5)
8.6 GVC Liability for Human Rights Violations
187(2)
8.7 Towards a General Human Rights Duty of Care for Businesses?
189(4)
8.8 Concluding Remarks
193(2)
9 The UN Global Compact and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Their Enforcement Mechanisms 195(20)
Andreas Rasche
9.1 Introduction
195(1)
9.2 Theoretical Background
196(3)
9.3 The United Nations Global Compact
199(8)
9.3.1 History and Basic Idea
199(3)
9.3.2 The UNGC's Human Rights Principles
202(1)
9.3.3 Enforcement of the UNGC
203(4)
9.4 The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
207(6)
9.4.1 History and Basic Idea
207(2)
9.4.2 Human Rights Obligations under the OECD Guidelines
209(2)
9.4.3 Enforcement of the Guidelines
211(2)
9.5 Conclusion
213(2)
10 Taxation and Business: The Human Rights Dimension of Corporate Tax Practices 215(19)
Reuven Avi-Yonah
10.1 Introduction: Human Rights and Taxation
215(3)
10.2 International Tax Competition and the Taxation of Capital
218(5)
10.3 Tax Competition and Developing Countries
223(4)
10.4 What Can Be Done about Tax Competition?
227(4)
10.5 Conclusion
231(3)
11 Corporate Accountability for the Natural Environment and Climate Change 234(26)
Damilola S. Olawuyi
11.1 Introduction
234(3)
11.2 Corporate Responsibility for Human Rights Violations Relating to the Environment: Drivers and Contours
237(7)
11.3 Corporate Responsibility and Accountability for Environmental Harm: Scope and Content
244(10)
11.3.1 Participation
244(3)
11.3.2 Accountability
247(1)
11.3.3 Non-discrimination and Equality
248(2)
11.3.4 Empowerment and Access to Information
250(1)
11.3.5 Legality and Access to Remedies
251(3)
11.4 Implementing a Rights-Based Corporate Risk Management Framework: Minding the Gaps
254(4)
11.5 Conclusion
258(2)
12 Corporate Accountability for Corruption and the Business Case for Transparency 260(23)
Philip M. Nichols
12.1 Introduction
260(1)
12.2 What Is Corruption?
260(2)
12.3 Two Illustrative Cases
262(4)
12.3.1 Vioxx
262(2)
12.3.2 Walmart
264(2)
12.4 Corruption Inflicts Significant Damage on Society
266(4)
12.5 Legal and Administrative Accountability
270(3)
12.5.1 International and Local Law
270(2)
12.5.2 Administrative Rules and Processes
272(1)
12.6 The Business Case against Corruption
273(5)
12.6.1 Direct and Indirect Costs
274(2)
12.6.2 Corruption Inhibits Relationships
276(2)
12.7 Management of Corruption
278(3)
12.7.1 Risk Assessment
278(2)
12.7.2 Positive Ethical Culture
280(1)
12.8 Conclusion
281(2)
13 Disability, Business and Human Rights 283(25)
Michael Ashley Stein
13.1 Introduction
283(3)
13.2 International Legal Obligations and Goals
286(7)
13.2.1 International Soft Laws
287(1)
13.2.2 International Instruments
287(4)
13.2.3 Domestic Laws and Policies
291(1)
13.2.4 MNCs
292(1)
13.3 Employing Workers with Disabilities
293(8)
13.3.1 Labour Markets
293(5)
13.3.2 Cost and Productivity
298(3)
13.3.3 State Impacts on Costs and Benefits
301(1)
13.4 Beyond Employment
301(5)
13.4.1 Accessibility
302(1)
13.4.2 Customers and Communities
302(1)
13.4.3 Data and Accountability
303(2)
13.4.4 Culture and Inclusion
305(1)
13.5 Conclusion
306(2)
14 Gender, Business and Human Rights 308(22)
Jessica Lynn Corsi
14.1 Introduction
308(1)
14.2 Defining Key Terms and Explaining Theoretical Frameworks
309(9)
14.2.1 Business and Human Rights
309(2)
14.2.2 Gender
311(1)
14.2.3 Why Focus on Gender?
312(2)
14.2.4 Gender Mainstreaming
314(3)
14.2.5 Intersectionality
317(1)
14.3 Gender, Business and Human Rights in Context: Extractive Industries
318(1)
14.4 Applicable Law and Standards Regarding Gender, Business and Human Rights
319(9)
14.4.1 The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
321(5)
14.4.2 The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
326(2)
14.5 Conclusion
328(2)
15 The Business Sector and the Rights to Work and Just and Favourable Conditions of Work 330(29)
Marija Jovanovic
15.1 Introduction
330(2)
15.2 The Rights to Work and Just and Favourable Conditions of Work in International Human Rights Law
332(7)
15.2.1 The Scope of the Rights to Work and Just and Favourable Conditions of Work and Their Mutual Relationship
333(3)
15.2.2 Obligations, Enforcement, Remedies: State As the Ultimate Guarantor of the Rights to Work and Just and Favourable Conditions of Work
336(3)
15.3 The Scope of Business' Obligations to Secure the Rights to Work and Just and Favourable Conditions of Work
339(16)
15.3.1 Labour Exploitation in Global Food Supply Chains
341(2)
15.3.2 The Responsibility of the Business Sector in Securing Labour Rights in Global Supply Chains
343(12)
15.4 Conclusion
355(4)
16 Responsible Lending: Export Credit Agencies As Drivers of Human Rights 359(21)
Aline Darbellay
16.1 Introduction
359(1)
16.2 International Standards in the Export Credit Industry
360(6)
16.3 National and Supranational Laws Related to Export Finance and Human Rights
366(4)
16.4 Case Studies
370(8)
16.4.1 Mozambique Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Project
370(4)
16.4.2 Porto de Sergipe I Power Project
374(4)
16.5 Conclusion
378(2)
17 Business and Human Rights Approaches to Intellectual Property 380(26)
Molly K. Land
Lea Nesselhauf
17.1 Introduction
380(1)
17.2 Historical and Legal Context
380(7)
17.2.1 The Human Rights Impact of IP
381(3)
17.2.2 International Enclosure of National Flexibilities
384(3)
17.3 Business Responsibilities in the Context of IP
387(6)
17.3.1 State Obligation to Protect
387(1)
17.3.2 Corporate Responsibility to Respect
388(3)
17.3.3 Responsibility to Fulfil
391(1)
17.3.4 Accountability and Remedy
392(1)
17.4 Case Studies
393(10)
17.4.1 Patents on Pharmaceuticals
393(3)
17.4.2 Access to Accessible Format Copyrighted Works
396(3)
17.4.3 Indigenous Knowledge
399(4)
17.5 Conclusion
403(3)
18 The Role of Human Rights in Investment Law and Arbitration: State Obligations, Corporate Responsibility and Community Empowerment 406(22)
Silvia Steininger
18.1 The Three Roles of Human Rights in the Investment Regime
406(3)
18.2 Human Rights As Obligations of States Parties
409(6)
18.2.1 The Obligation of States to Regulate Foreign Investment
409(3)
18.2.2 Human Rights Obligations of States in Arbitral Practice
412(3)
18.3 The Double-Edged Nature of Human Rights vis-a-vis Foreign Investors
415(7)
18.3.1 Investor Rights As Defence against State Interference
415(3)
18.3.2 The Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights
418(4)
18.4 Human Rights as Tools to Address Structural Imbalances of Affected Communities
422(4)
18.4.1 The Invisibility of Affected Communities in Investment Law and Arbitration
422(1)
18.4.2 Participation via Amicus Curiae
423(3)
18.5 Conclusion: Human Rights and the Future of ISDS
426(2)
19 The Use of International Arbitration Tribunals for Business and Human Rights Disputes 428(27)
Judith Levine
Sarah Castles
19.1 Introduction
428(1)
19.2 The Theoretical Framework of Access to Remedy under the UNGPs
429(4)
19.2.1 State-Based Judicial Mechanisms
430(2)
19.2.2 State-Based Non-Judicial and Non-State- Based Grievance Mechanisms
432(1)
19.3 Arbitration of BHR Disputes
433(2)
19.4 Modifying Arbitration to Render It More Appropriate for BHR Disputes
435(3)
19.5 The Practical Dimensions of Using Arbitration to Resolve BHR Disputes
438(10)
19.5.1 The Bangladesh Accord Arbitrations
438(6)
19.5.2 The Hague Rules
444(4)
19.6 Industries in Which BHR Tribunals Could Resolve Future Disputes
448(4)
19.6.1 Fast Fashion
448(1)
19.6.2 Mega-Sporting Events
449(2)
19.6.3 Rights and Wrongs at Sea
451(1)
19.7 Conclusions for the Future of BHR Arbitration
452(3)
20 Innovative Contractual Remedies with Indigenous Peoples 455(26)
Kinnari Bhatt
20.1 Introduction
455(2)
20.2 Mapping the Legal Terrain and Authority for Indigenous-Investor Contracts
457(11)
20.2.1 Historical Treatment of Indigenous Peoples' Land Rights under International Law
460(5)
20.2.2 The Business and Human Rights Connection
465(3)
20.3 Legal Elements of Indigenous Investor Agreement- Making
468(11)
20.3.1 Australia
468(6)
20.3.2 Russia
474(3)
20.3.3 Mongolia
477(2)
20.4 Conclusion
479(2)
21 The Role of Ethics in Corporate Human Rights Impact Assessments 481(21)
Ilias Bantekas
21.1 Introduction
481(6)
21.2 Auditor Ethics in Human Rights Impact Assessments
487(5)
21.3 Ethical Considerations in World Bank Policies on Indigenous Persons
492(8)
21.3.1 Ethical Issues Not Considered by the World Bank
498(2)
21.4 Conclusion
500(2)
22 Addressing Human Rights Impacts in Sustainability Reporting 502(29)
Chiara Ferracioli
Julien Parkhomenko
22.1 Introduction
502(1)
22.2 The Theoretical Framework
503(6)
22.2.1 The Policy Imperative
503(6)
22.3 Drafting a Sustainability Report
509(10)
22.3.1 Drivers of Sustainability Reporting
509(2)
22.3.2 Reporting Frameworks
511(2)
22.3.3 Key Concepts
513(2)
22.3.4 Phases of Sustainability Reporting
515(4)
22.4 Human Rights Reporting in Practice
519(10)
22.4.1 Challenges and Gaps
520(3)
22.4.2 Best Practices
523(6)
22.5 Conclusion
529(2)
23 Leveraging the Consumer-Led Movement to Strengthen Sustainable Business: Opportunities, Limitations and the Role of Companies to Empower Consumers 531(29)
Anna Triponel
23.1 Introduction
531(3)
23.2 Limitations in Prioritising Sustainably Sourced Products through Purchasing Decisions
534(5)
23.2.1 Consumer Studies Highlight That Consumers - and Younger Consumers in Particular - Would Prefer to Buy Sustainably Sourced Products
534(2)
23.2.2 Consumers' Desire for Sustainable Products Does Not Translate at the Point of Purchase
536(3)
23.3 The Effect of Consumer Mobilisation on Tarnishing Company Reputations
539(7)
23.3.1 Positive Impacts of Consumer-Coordinated Activism
540(4)
23.3.2 Limitations on the Ability of Consumer Campaigns to Lead to Meaningful Changes for Companies' Approach to Sustainability at Scale
544(2)
23.4 Companies' Instrumental Role in Leveraging the Consumer-Led Movement towards Sustainable Business
546(12)
23.4.1 The Importance of Transparency about Product Ingredients, Raw Materials, Origin and Manufacturing Practices, as Well as Challenges and Lessons Learned
547(3)
23.4.2 Harnessing the Potential for Advertising, Marketing and Branding to Push Consumers towards Sustainable Choices and a More Just Society
550(4)
23.4.3 Progressive Companies Are Enabling Their Consumers to Proactively Reduce Negative Impacts through Their Purchases
554(4)
23.5 Conclusion
558(2)
24 The Structural Complexity of Multinational Corporations and the Effect on Managing Human Rights Risks in the Supply Chain 560(23)
Tam Nguyen
24.1 Introduction
560(2)
24.2 Rethinking Responsible Supply Chain Management
562(5)
24.3 Responsible Supply Chain Management and the Decision-Making Process
567(5)
24.4 The Conundrum of Responsible Supply Chain Management in the Developing World
572(3)
24.5 Considerations
575(5)
24.6 Conclusion
580(3)
25 Towards a UN Business and Human Rights Treaty 583(28)
Dias Bantekas
25.1 Introduction
583(4)
25.2 Preventive Due Diligence Obligations
587(3)
25.3 Liability of MNCs
590(4)
25.4 Jurisdiction for Victims' Rights
594(4)
25.5 Victimhood under the BHR Treaty
598(3)
25.6 Institutional Arrangements
601(6)
25.6.1 The Committee
601(3)
25.6.2 Assembly of States Parties
604(1)
25.6.3 Fund for Victims
605(1)
25.6.4 National Implementation Mechanisms
606(1)
25.7 The 2020 Version of the BHR Treaty
607(3)
25.8 Conclusion
610(1)
Index 611
Ilias Bantekas is Professor of Transnational Law at Hamad bin Khalifa University (Qatar Foundation), College of Law and Adjunct Professor in the Edmund E. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. He serves as consultant to several international organisations and is regularly appointed arbitrator in international commercial disputes. He has written close to 170 articles and 17 books, including International Human Rights Law and Practice, Third Edition (with L. Oette, 2020) and Introduction to International Arbitration (2015). Michael Ashley Stein is the co-founder and Executive Director of the Harvard Law School Project on Disability, and a Visiting Professor at Harvard Law School since 2005. He teaches at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government and Harvard Medical School, holds an Extraordinary Professorship at the University of Pretoria Faculty of Law's Centre for Human Rights, and is a visiting professor at the Free University of Amsterdam Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences' Athena Institute. His authoritative and path-breaking scholarship has been published worldwide by leading journals and academic presses, and has been supported by numerous fellowships and awards.