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Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Children and Adolescents [Hardback]

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  • Formāts: Hardback, 288 pages, height x width: 279x216 mm, weight: 1043 g, 5 Halftones, black and white; 38 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Oct-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Human Kinetics
  • ISBN-10: 1492544477
  • ISBN-13: 9781492544470
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Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Children and AdolescentsPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 288 pages, height x width: 279x216 mm, weight: 1043 g, 5 Halftones, black and white; 38 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Oct-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Human Kinetics
  • ISBN-10: 1492544477
  • ISBN-13: 9781492544470
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781492544470.html
Keywords:
Exercise testing plays an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and assessment of heart disease and lung disease in children and adolescents. In Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Children and Adolescents, leading expert Thomas W. Rowland, backed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the North American Society for Pediatric Exercise Medicine (NASPEM), compiles the latest evidence-based research to provide guidance for clinical exercise physiologists, cardiologists, pulmonologists, and students of exercise physiology who conduct exercise stress testing for young patients.

The core objective of the book is to clarify the differences between clinical exercise testing for children and testing for adults. Because of obvious differences between the two populations, test protocols must be modified based on the patient's age, size, level of physical fitness, body composition, intellectual and emotional maturity, and state of cardiac and pulmonary health.

Part I provides an introduction to pediatric exercise testing. Part II examines exercise testing methodologies and discusses blood pressure, cardiac output, electrocardiography, oxygen uptake, and pulmonary function. Part III focuses on specific clinical issues addressed by exercise testing, guiding readers through protocols for diagnosis, evaluation, and exercise testing. Part IV explores testing in special populations and focuses on topics such as childhood obesity, neuromuscular disease, and intellectual disabilities.

Where applicable, sample forms and checklists provide practitioners with practical materials to use during exercise testing. Sidebars offer readers insight into considerations such as the presence of parents during testing and adjustments of cardiac measures for youth body dimensions.

This book serves as a means of focusing and unifying approaches to performing pediatric exercise testing in order to lay the foundation for new and innovative approaches to exercise testing in the health care of children and adolescents.
Preface ix
Notice and Disclaimer xi
Part I Introduction 1(20)
Chapter 1 Clinical Applicability of the Pediatric Exercise Test
3(10)
Thomas W. Rowland
Development of Pediatric Exercise Testing
4(3)
Unique Features of Exercise Testing in Children
7(1)
Normative Values
8(1)
Adjusting Values for Body Size
8(1)
Tyranny of "Maximal" Testing
9(1)
Safety of Clinical Exercise Testing
10(1)
Conclusion
11(2)
Chapter 2 Conducting the Pediatric Exercise Test
13(8)
Amy Lynne Taylor
Pediatric Exercise Laboratory Environment and Equipment
13(1)
Optimizing Safety
14(2)
Preparing the Child for an Exercise Test
16(1)
Test Communication
17(2)
Conclusion
19(2)
Part II Exercise Testing Methodology 21(118)
Chapter 3 Exercise Testing Protocols
23(18)
Richard J. Sabath III
David A. White
Kelli M. Teson
Exercise Testing Modality
24(1)
Protocol Design
25(1)
Treadmill Protocols
26(2)
Cycle Ergometer Protocols
28(4)
Multistage Versus Ramp Protocols
32(3)
Six-Minute Walk Test
35(1)
Maximal Test Criteria
36(1)
Scope of Pediatric Exercise Testing
37(1)
Conclusion
38(3)
Chapter 4 Normal Cardiovascular Responses to Progressive Exercise
41(10)
Thomas W. Rowland
Reductionist's Disclaimer
41(1)
Historical Context
42(1)
Empirical Evidence
43(3)
Synthesis
46(1)
Physiological Basis of Cardiovascular Fitness
47(2)
Conclusion
49(2)
Chapter 5 Exercise Electrocardiography
51(14)
Thomas W. Rowland
Effects of Exercise on the Cardiac Conduction System
52(2)
ECG Setup and Monitoring
54(1)
Measuring Heart Rate
55(2)
Identifying Heart Block
57(1)
Detecting Arrhythmias
58(2)
Detecting Ischemia
60(2)
Evaluation of Prolonged QT Interval
62(1)
Risk Stratification With Ventricular Pre-Excitation
63(1)
Conclusion
63(2)
Chapter 6 Blood Pressure Response to Dynamic Exercise
65(14)
Bruce Alpert
Ranjit Philip
Basic Physiology of Exercise Blood Pressure
65(1)
Technical Aspects of Blood Pressure Measurement
66(1)
Normal Blood Pressure Response to Dynamic Exercise in Healthy Children
67(5)
When to Terminate Exercise Testing Based on Blood Pressure Response
72(1)
Prognostic Value of Exercise BP Testing
72(1)
Special Conditions
73(4)
Interpretation of Results
77(1)
Conclusion
77(2)
Chapter 7 Maximal Oxygen Uptake
79(16)
Ali M. McManus
Neil Armstrong
Physiological Responses to Aerobic Exercise
80(3)
Measuring Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Children
83(4)
Developmental Patterns in Maximal Oxygen Uptake
87(4)
Normal Values
91(2)
Conclusion
93(2)
Chapter 8 Other Measures of Aerobic Fitness
95(12)
Robert P. Garofano
Peak Workload
95(2)
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold
97(4)
Submaximal Testing Protocols
101(1)
Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope
102(2)
Conclusion
104(3)
Chapter 9 Cardiac Output Measurement Techniques
107(12)
Darren E.R. Warburton
Shannon S.D. Bredin
Invasive Versus Noninvasive Techniques
107(1)
Direct Fick Method
108(2)
Dye-Dilution Method
110(1)
Thermodilution Method
111(1)
Lithium Dilution Method
111(1)
Foreign Gas Rebreathing Techniques
112(3)
Doppler Echocardiography
115(1)
Impedance Cardiography
116(1)
Arterial Pulse Contour Method
117(1)
Conclusion
118(1)
Chapter 10 Assessing Myocardial Function
119(8)
Thomas W. Rowland
Systolic Time Intervals
120(1)
Radionuclide Exercise Testing
120(1)
Pattern of Stroke Volume Response
120(1)
Oxygen Pulse
121(1)
Doppler Echocardiographic Techniques During Exercise
122(2)
Stress Echocardiography
124(1)
Conclusion
125(2)
Chapter 11 Pulmonary Function
127(12)
Patricia A. Nixon
Protocols
127(1)
Pulmonary Function at Rest and During Exercise
127(9)
Asthma
136(1)
Cystic Fibrosis
137(1)
Conclusion
138(1)
Part III Exertion-Based Applications 139(50)
Chapter 12 Congenital and Acquired Heart Disease
141(16)
Michael G. McBride
Stephen M. Paridon
Factors Affecting Exercise Performance
141(1)
Exercise Testing
142(1)
Simple Two-Ventricle Defects
143(3)
Obstructive Lesions
146(2)
Complex Two-Ventricle Defects
148(3)
Single-Ventricle Physiology
151(2)
Primary Arrhythmias and Channelopathies
153(1)
Acquired Heart Disease and Cardiomyopathies
153(3)
Conclusion
156(1)
Chapter 13 Exercise-Induced Dyspnea
157(10)
Steven R. Boas
Differential Diagnosis
157(5)
Evaluation
162(2)
Exercise Testing
164(2)
Conclusion
166(1)
Chapter 14 Chest Pain With Exercise
167(8)
Julie Brothers
Differential Diagnosis
167(3)
Evaluation
170(2)
Exercise Testing
172(1)
Conclusion
173(2)
Chapter 15 Presyncope and Syncope With Exercise
175(8)
Julie Brothers
Differential Diagnosis
175(4)
Evaluation
179(1)
Exercise Testing
180(2)
Conclusion
182(1)
Chapter 16 Exercise Fatigue
183(6)
Thomas W. Rowland
Differential Diagnosis
183(3)
Evaluation
186(2)
Exercise Testing
188(1)
Conclusion
188(1)
Part IV Testing Special Populations 189(32)
Chapter 17 Pectus Excavatum
191(4)
Thomas W. Rowland
Physiological Implications
191(2)
Surgical Results
193(1)
Cardiopulmonary Testing
193(1)
Conclusion
194(1)
Chapter 18 Obesity
195(10)
Laura Banks
Brian W. McCrindle
Quantifying Childhood Obesity
195(3)
Physiological Adaptations
198(1)
Effects of Obesity on Physiologic Measures
198(4)
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Modifications
202(1)
Conclusion
203(2)
Chapter 19 Intellectual Disability
205(10)
Bo Fernhall
Tracy Baynard
Physiological Implications
206(2)
Exercise Testing
208(5)
Conclusion
213(2)
Chapter 20 Neuromuscular Disease
215(6)
Olaf Verschuren
Janke de Groot
Tim Takken
Cerebral Palsy
215(1)
Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy
216(3)
Conclusion
219(2)
References 221(42)
Index 263(11)
About the Editors 274(1)
About the Contributors 275
Thomas W. Rowland, MD, is a pediatric cardiologist at Baystate Medical Center in Springfield, Massachusetts, and a professor of pediatrics at Tufts University School of Medicine. A graduate of the University of Michigan Medical School, Rowland is board certified in pediatrics and pediatric cardiology by the American Board of Pediatrics. Rowland, who has had more than 150 journal articles published, is the author of four books: Biologic Regulation of Physical Activity; Children's Exercise Physiology, Second Edition; Tennisology: Inside the Science of Serves, Nerves, and On-Court Dominance; and The Athlete's Clock. He has served as editor of the journal Pediatric Exercise Science and as president of the North American Society for Pediatric Exercise Medicine (NASPEM) and was on the board of trustees of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). He is past president of the New England chapter of the ACSM and received the Honor Award from that organization in 1993. Rowland is a competitive tennis player and distance runner. He and his wife, Margot, reside in Longmeadow, Massachusetts. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), founded in 1954, is the largest sports medicine and exercise science organization in the world. With more than 50,000 members and certified professionals worldwide, ACSM is dedicated to improving health through science, education, and medicine. ACSM members work in a wide range of medical specialties, allied health professions, and scientific disciplines. Members are committed to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of sport-related injuries and the advancement of the science of exercise. The ACSM promotes and integrates scientific research, education, and practical applications of sports medicine and exercise science to maintain and enhance physical performance, fitness, health, and quality of life. The North American Society for Pediatric Exercise Medicine (NASPEM), founded in 1985, is a professional organization whose membership is composed of medical doctors, researchers, educators, and students interested in pediatric exercise. NASPEM is dedicated to the mission of promoting exercise science, physical activity, and fitness in the health and medical care of children and adolescents. That mission is accomplished in part through scientific meetings, a scholarly journal (Pediatric Exercise Science), collaborative research, student aid in the form of grants and awards, and a training program database.