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E-grāmata: Carrier Modulation in Graphene and Its Applications

Edited by (Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, India)
  • Formāts: 226 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Nov-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Jenny Stanford Publishing
  • ISBN-13: 9781000368239
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Carrier Modulation in Graphene and Its ApplicationsPalielināt
  • Formāts: 226 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Nov-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Jenny Stanford Publishing
  • ISBN-13: 9781000368239
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This book focuses on different methods of performing carrier modulation in graphene and the application of this doped graphene in diodes, field effect transistors, solar cells, transparent conducting electrodes, and supercapcitors.



Graphene has many unique properties that have generated tremendous interest in the scientific community and make it suitable for several applications. The tuning of graphene’s Fermi level by the modulation of its charge carriers is an important factor in determining the successful operation of electronic/optoelectronic devices.
This book focuses on different methods of performing carrier modulation in graphene and the application of doped graphene in diodes, field-effect transistors, solar cells, transparent conducting electrodes, and supercapacitors. It discusses the current status of the research and development in graphene and will be helpful for readers who want to know about graphene and its applications and also other 2D nanomaterials.

Preface xi
1 Introduction and Properties of Graphene Nanosheets
1(34)
Rajiv Kumar Pandey
Aran Kumar Singh
Rajiv Prakash
Chuan-Pu Liu
1.1 Introduction
2(2)
1.2 Discovery of Graphene and Existence of 2D Materials
4(1)
1.3 Band Structure of Graphene
5(3)
1.4 Versatile Properties of Graphene
8(18)
1.4.1 Charge Transport Investigation of Graphene
9(1)
1.4.1.1 Modulation of charge carrier density via gate voltage
9(2)
1.4.1.2 Quantum Hall effect
11(2)
1.4.1.3 Klein tunneling and band gap opening
13(2)
1.4.2 Optical Property: Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene
15(2)
1.4.3 Chemical Properties of Graphene
17(1)
1.4.4 Covalent Functionalization of Graphene
18(2)
1.4.5 Non-covalent Functionalization of Graphene
20(2)
1.4.6 Mechanical Properties of Graphene
22(1)
1.4.6.1 Elastic properties and intrinsic strength
22(1)
1.4.7 Thermal Properties of Graphene
23(2)
1.4.8 Transparency of Graphene
25(1)
1.5 Conclusions
26(9)
2 Synthesis of Two-Dimensional (2D) Graphene
35(48)
Neha Jain
Praveen K. Litoriya
Khalid Bin Masood
Sanjay Pathak
Arun Kumar Singh
Jai Singh
2.1 Introduction
36(1)
2.2 Crystal Structure
36(3)
2.3 Synthesis of Graphene
39(35)
2.3.1 Top-Down Methods
39(2)
2.3.1.1 Chemical vapor deposition
41(2)
2.3.1.2 Epitaxial growth
43(1)
2.3.1.3 Mechanical compression
44(2)
2.3.1.4 Exfoliation method
46(2)
2.3.1.5 Nanolithography
48(3)
2.3.2 Bottom-Up Approach
51(1)
2.3.2.1 Organic ligand-assisted growth
51(1)
2.3.2.2 Ions and molecules assisted synthesis
52(2)
2.3.2.3 Template-assisted growth
54(4)
2.3.2.4 Polyol method
58(4)
2.3.2.5 Seeded growth
62(5)
2.3.2.6 Photochemical synthesis
67(2)
2.3.2.7 Hydro-/solvothermal methods
69(3)
2.3.2.8 Biological synthesis
72(2)
2.4 Conclusion and Perspective
74(9)
3 Potential Applications of Graphene
83(46)
Shaista Andleeb
Arun Kumar Singh
3.1 Introduction
83(1)
3.2 Applications of Graphene
84(38)
3.2.1 Electronics Devices
85(1)
3.2.1.1 Diodes
85(6)
3.2.1.2 Transistors
91(3)
3.2.1.3 Photodetector
94(5)
3.2.2 Transparent Conducting Electrodes
99(1)
3.2.2.1 Flexible and stretchable electronics
99(3)
3.2.2.2 Solar cell
102(4)
3.2.3 Sensors
106(1)
3.2.3.1 Gas sensor
106(5)
3.2.3.2 Biosensor
111(4)
3.2.4 Supercapacitors and Fuel Cells
115(4)
3.2.5 Graphene Quantum Dots and Nanocomposites
119(3)
3.3 Conclusion and Prospective
122(7)
4 Carrier Modulation in Graphene
129(38)
Shaista Andleeb
Arun Kumar Singh
4.1 Introduction
129(2)
4.2 Doping Approaches on Nanostructure Devices
131(3)
4.3 Charge Carrier Modulation in Graphene
134(26)
4.3.1 Electrostatic Field Tuning
135(2)
4.3.2 Heteroatom Doping
137(3)
4.3.3 Chemical Doping
140(9)
4.3.3.1 Self-assembled monolayer (SAM)
149(2)
4.3.3.2 Absorption of gas molecules
151(4)
4.3.3.3 Nanoparticles doping on graphene
155(2)
4.3.4 Electrochemical Doping
157(3)
4.4 Conclusion and Prospective
160(7)
5 Applications of Doped Graphene
167(40)
Shaista Andleeb
Arun Kumar Singh
5.1 Introduction
167(1)
5.2 Some Applications of Doped Graphene
168(30)
5.2.1 Supercapacitor
168(5)
5.2.2 Field-Effect Transistors
173(6)
5.2.3 Fuel Cell
179(1)
5.2.4 Transparent Conducting Electrodes
180(1)
5.2.4.1 Light emitting diodes
181(2)
5.2.4.2 Flexible and stretchable electrodes
183(1)
5.2.5 Solar Cell
184(4)
5.2.6 Sensors
188(1)
5.2.6.1 Electrochemical sensors
188(2)
5.2.6.2 Gas sensor
190(4)
5.2.7 Graphene Quantum Dots
194(4)
5.3 Conclusion and Perspective
198(9)
Index 207
Arun Kumar Singh is Associate Professor at the Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, India. He received his MSc in Physics from Banaras Hindu University (BHU), India, and PhD from the School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India. After his PhD, he began postdoctoral research work at the Graphene Research Institute, Sejong University, South Korea. In 2013, he got Indias most prestigious research INSPIRE Faculty award from the Department of Science and Technology, India, and many other fellowships and awards from scientific societies. He worked as Assistant Professor (INSPIRE faculty) at the Department of Physics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, India. Dr. Singh has authored and co-authored more than 75 articles in international journals and conferences in the areas of materials science and physics. He is also a life member of many scientific societies and a reviewer for several international scientific journals. His research work focuses on the fabrication and characterizations of organic semiconductors/2D nanomaterials/hybrid materials for electronics device applications.
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