National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Modernizing Probable Maximum Precipitat
For more than 75 years, high-hazard structures in the U.S., including dams and nuclear power plants, have been engineered to withstand floods resulting from the most unlikely but possible precipitation, termed Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP). F...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Modernizing Probable Maximum Precipitat
For more than 75 years, high-hazard structures in the U.S., including dams and nuclear power plants, have been engineered to withstand floods resulting from the most unlikely but possible precipitation, termed Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP). F...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Polar Research Board, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate
Sediments, ice, corals, and trees are just some of the natural storehouses of information that help tell the complicated history of Earths climate. Paleoclimate researchers use these proxies, in combination with numerical models, to gain understa...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Space Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Futu
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and other U.S. science research agencies operate a fleet of research aircraft and other airborne platforms that offer diverse capabilities. To inform NASAs future investments in airborne plat...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Policy and Global Affairs, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Committee on Science, Technology, and Law, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on De...
Climate change is creating impacts that are widespread and severe for individuals, communities, economies, and ecosystems around the world. While efforts to reduce emissions and adapt to climate impacts are the first line of defense, researchers ar...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee for the Review of the BOEM "Air Quality Modeling in the Gulf of Mexico" Study
Emissions associated with oil and gas exploration, development, and production on the Gulf waters can result in increased levels of air pollutants that contribute to a range of air quality impacts in the Gulf of Mexico Region (GOMR). Criteria air p...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Lauren Everett
Improved observations of the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) and its interactions with the ocean, land, and ice surfaces have great potential to advance science on a number of fronts, from improving forecasts of severe storms and air quality to cons...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee to Review the Draft Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report
The second State of the Climate Cycle Report (SOCCR2) aims to elucidate the fundamental physical, chemical, and biological aspects of the carbon cycle and to discuss the challenges of accounting for all major carbon stocks and flows for the North...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee to Review the Draft Climate Science Special Report
The United States Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) is moving towards a sustained assessment process that allows for more fluid and consistent integration of scientific knowledge into the mandated quadrennial National Climate Assessment. As pa...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on the Future of Atmospheric Chemistry Research
Our world is changing at an accelerating rate. The global human population has grown from 6.1 billion to 7.1 billion in the last 15 years and is projected to reach 11.2 billion by the end of the century. The distribution of humans across the globe h...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on the Evaluation of the Landscape
The United States tradition of conserving fish, wildlife, habitats, and cultural resources dates to the mid-19th century. States have long sought to manage fish and wildlife species within their borders, whereas many early federal conservation effo...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change Attribution
As climate has warmed over recent years, a new pattern of more frequent and more intense weather events has unfolded across the globe. Climate models simulate such changes in extreme events, and some of the reasons for the changes are well understoo...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Frontiers in Decadal Climate Variability: A Workshop-;
Many factors contribute to variability in Earths climate on a range of timescales, from seasons to decades. Natural climate variability arises from two different sources: (1) internal variability from interactions among components of the climate sy...Lasīt vairāk
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Developing a U.S. Research Agenda to Advance Subseason
As the nations economic activities, security concerns, and stewardship of natural resources become increasingly complex and globally interrelated, they become ever more sensitive to adverse impacts from weather, climate, and other natural phenomena...Lasīt vairāk
National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Geoengineering Climate: Technical Evaluation and Discussion of Impacts
The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emis...Lasīt vairāk
National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Geoengineering Climate: Technical Evaluation and Discussion of Impacts
The signals are everywhere that our planet is experiencing significant climate change. It is clear that we need to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from our atmosphere if we want to avoid greatly increased risk of da...Lasīt vairāk
National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Polar Research Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Linkages Between Arctic Sea Ice Loss and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns: A Workshop-;
The Arctic has been undergoing significant changes in recent years. Average temperatures are rising twice as fast as they are elsewhere in the world. The extent and thickness of sea ice is rapidly declining. Such changes may have an impact on atmosp...Lasīt vairāk
National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Understanding and Monitoring Abrupt Climate Change and Its Impacts
Climate is changing, forced out of the range of the past million years by levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases not seen in the Earths atmosphere for a very, very long time. This book looks at the issue of abrupt climate change and it...Lasīt vairāk
National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Evaluating NOAA's Plan to Mitigate the Loss of Total Solar Irradiance Measurements from Space
Solar irradiance is a vital source of energy input for the Earths climate system and its variability has the potential to mitigate or exacerbate a human-created climate. This report evaluates NOAAs plan for mitigating the gap in total solar irradi...Lasīt vairāk
This report is from the National Research Councils Committee on a National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling, Board on Atmospheric Studies and Climate, and the Division on Earth and Life Studies. The report outlines a national strategy for adv...Lasīt vairāk
National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on Population, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Atmospheric Studies and Climate-
Scientific evidence shows that most glaciers in South Asias Hindu Kush Himalayan region are retreating, but the consequences for the regions water supply are unclear, this report finds. The Hindu Kush Himalayan region is the location of several of...Lasīt vairāk
