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E-grāmata: Chemical Grouting And Soil Stabilization, Revised And Expanded

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(Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA)
  • Formāts: 584 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 18-Apr-2003
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781135541606
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Chemical Grouting And Soil Stabilization, Revised And ExpandedPalielināt
  • Formāts: 584 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 18-Apr-2003
  • Izdevniecība: CRC Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781135541606
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Following shifting trends from remedial to preventive uses of grouting practices, this third edition covers all aspects of chemical grouting methods and applications. This reference highlights new ground improvement techniques as well as recent innovations in soil modification and stabilization procedures. It considers commercial alternatives to ground improvement, their relative advantages and disadvantages, and the engineering applications to which these methods are suited. Revised and expanded, this new edition assesses the role of new grouting techniques in the containment of hazardous waste and introduces numerous problems to illustrate concepts and facilitate instruction.
Preface to the Third Edition iii
Preface to the Second Edition v
Preface to the First Edition vii
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction
1(14)
General
1(1)
Modification and Stabilization
2(1)
Soil and Rock Sampling
3(4)
Degree of Representation
7(2)
Safety Factors
9(2)
Permanence
11(1)
Failure Criteria
12(1)
Summary
13(1)
General References
13(1)
Problems
13(2)
Soil and Rock Properties
15(28)
Introduction
15(1)
Void Ratio and Porosity
16(1)
Density and Relative Density
17(4)
Permeability
21(3)
Shear Strength
24(5)
Consolidation Characteristics
29(3)
Stress Transmission
32(2)
Soil and Rock Classification
34(2)
Rock Properties
36(3)
Summary
39(2)
References
41(1)
Problems
41(2)
Compaction
43(26)
Density Measurements
43(2)
Shallow Compaction
45(3)
Deep Compaction
48(5)
Deep Dynamic Compaction
53(8)
Preloading
61(5)
Blasting
66(1)
Summary
66(1)
References
67(1)
Problems
67(2)
Water Removal and Wellpointing
69(12)
Sumps
69(1)
Drainage Ditches
69(3)
Wellpoints
72(2)
Deep Wells
74(3)
Electro-Osmosis
77(2)
Summary
79(1)
References
79(1)
Problems
80(1)
Ground Freezing
81(8)
General
81(1)
Refrigeration Systems
81(2)
Shallow Applications
83(3)
Deep Applications
86(1)
Permanence
87(1)
Summary
87(1)
References
88(1)
Problems
88(1)
Piling, Nailing, and Mixing
89(10)
Piling
89(1)
Soil Nailing
90(1)
Reinforced Fill
91(1)
Shallow Soil Mixing
91(2)
Deep Soil Mixing
93(3)
Summary
96(1)
References
97(1)
Problems
98(1)
Slurry Walls and Trenches
99(8)
General
99(1)
Principles
99(1)
Design and Construction
100(3)
Summary
103(2)
References
105(1)
Problems
105(2)
Biostabilization
107(6)
Plantings
107(1)
Microbial Stabilization
108(2)
Summary
110(2)
References
112(1)
Problems
112(1)
Grouting with Cement
113(22)
Grout Materials
113(1)
Portland Cement
114(4)
Microfine Cements
118(2)
Jet Grouting
120(3)
Compaction Grouting
123(2)
Grouting for Dams
125(4)
Summary
129(2)
References
131(1)
Problems
132(3)
Chemical Grouts
135(30)
General
135(1)
History
136(4)
Field Problems Amenable to Grouting
140(4)
Grout Properties
144(18)
The Ideal Chemical Grout
162(1)
Summary
163(1)
References
163(1)
Problems
163(2)
Commercial Chemical Grouts
165(78)
Introduction
165(1)
Grouting Materials
166(70)
New Products
236(1)
Comments and Summary
237(3)
References
240(2)
Problems
242(1)
Grouting Theory
243(8)
Introduction
243(1)
Basic Considerations
243(1)
Stability of Interface
244(1)
Flow Through Soil Voids
245(1)
Effect of Pumping Rate on Grout Flow
246(1)
Effect of Pumping Pressure on Grout Flow
247(2)
Fracturing
249(1)
Summary
250(1)
References
250(1)
Problems
250(1)
Grouting Technology
251(40)
Introduction
251(1)
Point Injections
251(7)
Injections Along a Grout Hole
258(3)
Short Gel Times
261(2)
Theory of Short Gel Times
263(6)
Factors Related to the Use of Short Gel Times
269(4)
Uniform Penetration in Stratified Deposits
273(9)
Grout Curtains
282(6)
Summary
288(1)
References
289(1)
Problems
289(2)
Field Equipment
291(24)
Introduction
291(1)
The Batch Pumping System
292(1)
Two-Tank Single-Pump Systems
293(1)
Equal Volume Systems
294(1)
Metering Systems
295(5)
Other Chemical Grout Pumps
300(2)
Components and Materials of Construction
302(3)
Packers
305(2)
Grout Pipes
307(3)
Instrumentation
310(2)
Summary
312(1)
References
312(1)
Problems
313(2)
Field Procedures and Tests
315(18)
Introduction
315(1)
Determination of Groutability
315(1)
Field Pumping Tests
316(1)
Field Permeability Tests
317(5)
Use of Tracers
322(2)
Additives
324(1)
Pumping Rate
325(1)
Pumping Pressure
326(2)
Grouting in Pipes and Holes---Manifolding
328(1)
Use of Short Gel Times
329(1)
Summary
330(1)
References
331(1)
Problems
332(1)
Grouting to Shut off Seepage
333(26)
Introduction
333(1)
Types of Seepage Problems
334(3)
Laboratory Studies
337(7)
Field Work
344(12)
Summary
356(1)
References
357(1)
Problems
357(2)
Grout Curtains
359(30)
Introduction
359(1)
Selection of Grout
359(3)
Grout Curtain Patterns
362(1)
Design of a Grout Curtain
363(5)
Construction of a Grout Curtain
368(7)
Rocky Reach Dam
375(2)
Small Grout Curtains
377(10)
Summary
387(1)
References
387(1)
Problems
388(1)
Grouting for Strength
389(26)
Introduction
389(1)
Strength of Grouted Soils
389(3)
Grouting for Stability
392(21)
Summary
413(1)
References
413(1)
Problems
413(2)
Grouting in Tunnels and Shafts
415(30)
Introduction
415(1)
Shallow Tunnels
415(3)
European Practice
418(6)
Recent Developments in Tunnel Grouting Practice
424(7)
Grout Patterns
431(1)
Seikan Tunnel
432(4)
Shaft Grouting
436(5)
Summary
441(2)
References
443(1)
Bibliography
443(1)
Problems
444(1)
Special Applications of Chemical Grouts
445(14)
Introduction
445(1)
Sewer Line Rehabilitation
445(5)
Sampling of Sands, In Situ Density
450(4)
Sealing Piezometers
454(1)
Controlling Cement
454(2)
Sealing Sheet--Pile Interlocks
456(1)
Summary
457(1)
References
458(1)
Specifications, Supervision, and Inspection
459(24)
Introduction
459(1)
Specifications for Chemical Grouting
459(15)
Supervision of Grouting
474(1)
Inspection of Grouting
475(2)
Reasons for Unsuccessful Jobs
477(2)
Summary
479(2)
References
481(2)
Containment of Hazardous Wastes
483(16)
General
483(1)
Early Disposal Methods
484(1)
Detecting Pollution
485(1)
Radioactive Wastes
486(3)
Oil Spills
489(1)
Bioremediation
490(1)
Deep Well Injection
490(1)
Barrier Walls
491(4)
Treatment Methods
495(1)
Summary
496(1)
References
497(1)
Problems
498(1)
Appendix A: Glossary of Selected Terms 499(10)
Appendix B: Computer Program for Optimal Grout Hole Spacing for a Chemical Grout Curtain 509(4)
Appendix C: Suggested Test Method for Determining Strength of Grouted Soils for Design Purposes 513(4)
Appendix D: Tunnel Design Criteria 517(8)
Appendix E: Field Research with Sodium Silicate 525(20)
Appendix F: Ground Improvement 545(8)
Index 553


Reuben H. Karol is a Consulting Engineer in chemical grouting and Professor Emeritus of Civil Engineering at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey. Mr. Karol has a long-standing relationship with Rutgers University (1940- 1943, 1946- 1951, 1967-present) and currently teaches ground improvement courses. Previously, Mr. Karol was Director of the Engineering Chemicals Research Center for the American Cyanamid Company (1956-1967) and was President of Karol Warner, Inc. (1951-1984). Mr. Karol is the author of three books and over 20 papers, and holds six patents. A member of the American Society of Civil Engineers and the American Society for Testing Materials, he served as Chair of their Grouting Committees (1976- 1986). Mr. Karol received the B.S (1947) and M.S. (1949) degrees in civil engineering from Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
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