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E-grāmata: Climate Change, Energy Use, and Sustainability: Diagnosis and Prescription after the Great East Japan Earthquake

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This book is an outcome of the symposium Towards Earth Friendly Use of Resources and Energy, organized by the Nagoya University Center of Excellence Program From Earth System Science to Basic and Clinical Environmental Studies and presents papers by four eminent researchers. 1) Syukuro Manabe, who was honored in 2008 by the Earth Hall of Fame Kyoto, together with Ms. Maathai and Ms. Brundtland, describes the mechanisms of extreme weather, drought, and flood that were caused by climate change due to CO2 emissions. 2) Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker, co-chair of the Club of Rome, describes Factor 4 and 5 concepts such as technological progress and redesigning socioeconomic systems, e.g. taxation, and stresses the importance of humanity. 3) Hans-Peter Dürr, ex-president of the Max Planck Physics Institute as a successor of Heisenberg, explains the mechanism of a living Earth sustained by accumulated energy resources provided by the sun. He clarifies a point on preserving the dynamic stability of minerals and life on Earth. 4) Shohei Yonemoto, a well-known political scientist focusing on sustainability, explains environmental politics and why the IPCC and UNFCCC framework were established based on precaution principles. He puts forward a new concept called futurology, which considers population and food problems from a Malthusian standpoint and incorporates them into issues such as climate change and natural disasters. This book is written and based on a very simple but concrete idea and provides the readers with a chance to consider the shape of future Earth.
Part I Special Presentations
1 Global Warming and Water Resources---From Basic Science to Environmental Studies
3(20)
Syukuro Manabe
1.1 Global Warming and Water Resources
3(2)
1.2 Is Global Warming Occurring?
5(1)
1.3 Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Land Model
6(5)
1.4 Global Warming Experiment
11(1)
1.5 Future Change in Water Availability
12(3)
1.6 Worsening Water Shortage
15(2)
Eco-Lab Talk (1) Encounter of Scientific Curiosity and Social Mission: Curiosity-Driven and Mission-Oriented Research
16(1)
1.7 A Pioneer Who Continues to Research Climate Change
17(1)
1.8 My Side-Track Led to the Prediction of Global Warming
17(1)
1.9 "Air Man" and "Sea Man" Cooperated on Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model
18(1)
1.10 Accepting Criticisms as Challenges
19(1)
1.11 Importance of Stepping Between Disciplines
19(4)
References
20(3)
2 Factor 5: Towards an Affluent Society with Least Use of Resources
23(28)
Ernst Ulrich von Weizsacker
2.1 Countries Satisfying the Conditions for Sustainability
23(3)
2.2 Increasing Resource Efficiency Fivefold
26(1)
2.3 What Is Going on in Greenland?
26(2)
2.4 We Now Need a Kuznets Curve of Decarbonization
28(2)
2.5 Three Methods of Decarbonization
30(3)
2.6 What Can Renewable Energies Achieve?
33(1)
2.7 Idea of Making Per-Capita Emissions Rights Equal
34(1)
2.8 Task of Decoupling Prosperity from CO2 Emissions
35(6)
2.9 Higher Energy Prices Are Necessary
41(3)
2.10 Who Will Be the Winners?
44(2)
Eco-Lab Talk (2) Technology × Society = Transformation
45(1)
2.11 Toward a Society that Coexists with the Environment, as Beautiful as a Butterfly
46(1)
2.12 Halving Resource Use, Doubling Wealth
46(1)
2.13 Factor 5 Suggests the Form of Society We Should Have
47(1)
2.14 Entering, and Emerging from, the Era of Global Warming
48(1)
2.15 What Universities Should Do in Collaboration
49(2)
3 Energy and the Use of Nuclear Power
51(16)
Hans-Peter Durr
3.1 Earth's Matter and Energy Are Limited
51(3)
3.2 Fossil Fuels Are the Accumulation of Energy Provided by the Sun
54(2)
3.3 Life and Matter Are Unstable
56(1)
3.4 What Is Sustainability?
57(1)
3.5 Our Reality and the Problems We Face
58(1)
3.6 Energy Slaves and CO2 Emissions
59(1)
3.7 Why I Am Against the Use of Nuclear Energy
60(2)
3.8 Solar Energy to Depend On
62(2)
Eco-Lab Talk (3) Diversity x Cooperation = Sustainability
63(1)
3.9 How Should We Design the Future of all Humanity?
64(1)
3.10 Humanity Continues to Destroy Gaia's Autonomous System of Life
64(1)
3.11 Static and Dynamic Power to Sustain Fragile Biosystems
65(1)
3.12 The Earth and Humanity's Diversity and Cooperation
65(2)
4 Politics in Global Change: A Threat Called Global Warming
67(26)
Shohei Yonemoto
4.1 End of Idealism After the Cold War, and the Global Warming Issue
67(2)
4.2 Global Warming Takes the Place of Nuclear Threats
69(2)
4.3 What Japan Should Do After the 3.11 Earthquake
71(2)
4.4 Environmental Diplomacy: Integration of Science and Diplomacy
73(5)
4.5 Necessity of International Joint Research by East Asian Nations
78(6)
Eco-Lab Talk (4) Think about Environmental Issues: Remove Boundaries and Link Different Regions
84(1)
4.6 Getting to Grips with Environmental Issues: An Origin in Mountaineering
84(1)
4.7 What I Learned from Research While Working at a Company
85(2)
4.8 Global Environmental Issues: Between Natural Science and Modern Society
87(1)
4.9 Looking for Ambitious Talents to Cross Disciplinary Boundaries and Address Issues
88(5)
References
89(4)
Part II Panel Discussion
5 Considering Sustainable Society After the Great East Japan Earthquake
93(10)
5.1 Points of Discussion for a Sustainable Post-3.11 Society
93(1)
5.2 Calling for an International Cooperation Framework for Huge Earthquakes
94(2)
5.3 Energy Source Diversity and Nuclear Power
96(1)
5.4 Impact of the Nuclear Accident on Germany
97(2)
5.5 What Choice Should Japan Make?
99(2)
5.6 Agreement, and Towards Diagnosis and Treatment
101(2)
Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University Message from the Dean 103(2)
About the Speakers 105(4)
About the Moderators 109(2)
About the Editors 111(4)
About this Book 115