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E-grāmata: Co-Compounds and Natural Coordination illustrated edition [Oxford Scholarship Online E-books]

Bernhard Wälchli (, University of Konstanz)

Formāts: 352 pages, 4 maps, numerous tables and line drawings
Sērija : Oxford Studies in Typology & Linguistic Theory
Izdošanas datums: 16-Jun-2005
Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
ISBN-13: 9780199276219

Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

Oxford Scholarship Online E-books
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Formāts: 352 pages, 4 maps, numerous tables and line drawings
Sērija : Oxford Studies in Typology & Linguistic Theory
Izdošanas datums: 16-Jun-2005
Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
ISBN-13: 9780199276219

Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

More info about Oxford Scholarship Online e-books

Rokasgrāmatas mājas lapa: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199276219.001.0001/acprof-9780199276219

This book presents a typological survey and analysis of the co-compound construction. This understudied phenomenon is essentially a compound whose meaning is the result of coordinating the meanings of its components, as when in some varieties of English mother-father denotes 'parents'. In the course of the work Dr Walchli examines and discusses topics of great theoretical and linguistic interest. These include the notion of word, markedness, the syntax and semantics of coordination, grammaticalization, lexical semantics, the distinction between compounding and phrase formation, and the constructional meanings languages can deploy. The book makes many observations and points about typology and areal features and includes a wealth of unfamiliar data. It will be invaluable for typologists and of considerable interest to a variety of specialists including lexicologists, morphologists, construction grammarians, cognitive linguists, semanticists, field linguists, and syntacticians.

Preface and Acknowledgements

List of Figures

xii

List of Maps

xiii

List of Tables

xiv

Conventions

1 Introduction

(37)

1.1 Basics of co-compounds

(16)

1.1.1 The form of co-compounds

(3)

1.1.2 The meaning of co-compounds

(3)

1.1.3 The use of co-compounds

(2)

1.1.4 Differences and similarities with phrase-like tight coordination

(5)

1.1.5 Are co-compounds a form of parallelism?

(2)

1.2 Co-compounds in the linguistic literature

(5)

1.3 Theoretical background, method, and material

(13)

1.3.1 Why this is not a classical typological study?

(4)

(i) Universal 'semantic' domains and 'language-specific' classes

(1)

(ii) Discrete and continuous typological variables

(1)

(iii) The problem of sampling for features that are highly biased areally

(1)

(iv) Explanations in typology

(1)

(v) Summary

(1)

1.3.2 Meaning in language

(7)

(i) Meaning in natural languages is not systematically taxonomic

(1)

(ii) Partial cover meanings

(1)

(iii) The form-related-ergo-meaning-related approach and its limits

(1)

(iv) Semantic relativity and the level of cross-linguistic semantic comparison (morpheme vs. utterance)

(2)

(v) Contextual semantic sharpening

(1)

1.3.3 The linguistic material considered in this study

(1)

1.3.4 Summary

(1)

1.4 Organization of the following chapters

(3)

2 The Marking Patterns of Natural Coordination

(29)

2.1 Different kinds of markedness

(7)

2.2 Relational marking in natural coordination

(3)

2.3 Non-relational marking in natural coordination

(9)

2.3.1 Distinctive non-relational single marking

(2)

2.3.2 Distinctive non-relational double marking

(3)

2.3.3 Distinctive non-relational zero marking

(1)

2.3.4 Iconicity of the distinctive non-relational marking strategies

(2)

2.4 The syntax of single non-relational marking in coordination

(7)

2.4.1 Group inflection

(2)

2.4.2 Is coordination with single non-relational marking syntactically asymmetric?

(1)

2.4.3 Phonological-syntactic non-isomorphism

(4)

2.5 Conclusions

(3)

3 Tight Coordination

(23)

3.1 The first dimension: the length of the coordination

(2)

3.2 The second dimension: the marking patterns of coordination

(5)

3.3 The third dimension: the semantic correlates of tight coordination

(13)

3.3.1 Group vs. separate coordination

(2)

3.3.2 Intersective vs. non-intersective coordination

(1)

3.3.3 Overlapping vs. non-overlapping coordination

(1)

3.3.4 Contrast

(3)

3.3.5 Non-exhaustive vs. exhaustive listing coordination

(1)

3.3.6 Disjunction

(2)

3.3.7 Explicative disjunction

(1)

3.3.8 Repair and pseudo-repair

(1)

3.3.9 Enumeration

(1)

3.3.10 Pseudo-coordination

(1)

3.3.11 Conclusions

(1)

3.4 Conclusions

(3)

4 Co-compounds as a Lexical Class Type

(45)

4.1 The traditional morphological (and indirectly syntactic) approach to compounding

(2)

4.2 Are (co-)compounds really words?

(13)

4.2.1 What is word? Laying out the problem

(1)

4.2.2 Deconstructing the notion of word

(4)

4.2.3 Criteria for the 'wordhood' of compounds (with special reference to co-compounds)

(8)

(i) Semantic criteria for compounds

(1)

(ii) Conventionalized prosodic patterns

(1)

(iii) Compounding forms and clippings

(1)

(iv) Bound stems

100

(1)

(v) Word slots

101

(1)

(vi) Continuity

101

(2)

(vii) Fixed order

103

(1)

(viii) Conclusion

104

(1)

4.3 An alternative approach to co-compounds: lexical classes

105

(16)

4.3.1 The middle as a typical example for a lexical class type

107

(6)

4.3.2 More examples of lexical class types no

4.3.3 Co-compounds as a lexical class type

113

(1)

4.3.4 Reconsidering lexicalization and the lexicon

114

(3)

4.3.5 Differences and similarities of lexical and grammatical classes

117

(4)

4.4 The form of co-compounds and the problem of formal non-distinctiveness

121

(9)

4.4.1 Distinguishing co-compounds and sub-compounds

122

(2)

4.4.2 Distinguishing co-compounds and serial verbs

124

(2)

4.4.3 Distinguishing co-compounds and coordination

126

(4)

4.5 Meronomic structure

130

(1)

4.6 Conclusions

131

(4)

5 A Semantic Classification of Co-compounds

135

(51)

5.1 The basis of the semantic classification

136

(1)

5.2 The various semantic types of co-compounds

137

(21)

5.2.1 Additive co-compounds

137

(2)

5.2.2 Generalizing co-compounds

139

(2)

5.2.3 Collective co-compounds

141

(2)

5.2.4 Synonymic co-compounds

143

(3)

5.2.5 Ornamental co-compounds

146

(1)

5.2.6 Imitative co-compounds

147

(2)

5.2.7 Figurative co-compounds

149

(2)

5.2.8 Alternative and approximate co-compounds

151

(1)

5.2.9 Scalar co-compounds

152

(2)

5.2.10 Basic and non-basic co-compounds

154

(4)

5.3 Contextual semantic sharpening in co-compounds

158

(3)

5.4 Compounds that are closely related to co-compounds

161

(10)

5.4.1 Appositional compounds

161

(1)

5.4.2 Intermediate-denoting compounds

162

(1)

5.4.3 Comparative (or figurative-appositional) compounds

163

(1)

5.4.4 Ideophones and ideophone compounds

164

(2)

5.4.5 Reduplication

166

(1)

5.4.6 Echo-words

167

(3)

5.4.7 Affirmative-negative compounds

170

(1)

5.4.8 Conclusions

170

(1)

5.5 Contextual motivation of co-compounds

171

(12)

5.5.1 Additive contextual co-compounds

173

(1)

5.5.2 Emphasis

174

(1)

5.5.3 Generalizing context

175

(1)

5.5.4 Contrast (in adversative sequences)

175

(1)

5.5.5 Non-referential contexts and restricted evidence

176

(4)

(i) Negation

176

(2)

(ii) Question

178

(1)

(iii) Irrealis, potentialis, conditional, and future

178

(2)

5.5.6 Distributivity

180

(1)

5.5.7 Pictorial contexts

181

(1)

5.5.8 Conclusions

182

(1)

5.6 Conclusions

183

(3)

6 The Areal Distribution of Co-compounds in the Languages of Eurasia

186

(57)

6.1 Patterns of areal coherence

186

(1)

6.2 Consideration of parallel texts

187

(11)

6.3 More evidence for a continuous diminishment of co-compounds from east to west throughout Eurasia

198

(20)

6.3.1 Turkic, Mongolian, and Tungus

198

(3)

6.3.2 The languages of the Caucasus

201

(2)

6.3.3 Indo-European

203

(3)

6.3.4 Uralic

206

(1)

6.3.5 Dravidian

207

(1)

6.3.6 Sino-Tibetan

208

(2)

6.3.7 Austroasiatic

210

(1)

6.3.8 Austronesian

211

(1)

6.3.9 Language isolates

212

(2)

6.3.10 Synthesis

214

(4)

6.4 Language internal diversity: the example of Mordvin

218

(7)

6.5 Diversity in co-compounding in Eurasia

225

(4)

6.6 The independence of co-compounds from other typological features

229

(7)

6.6.1 Head and dependent marking

229

(1)

6.6.2 Isolating morphological type and monosyllabic words

230

(1)

6.6.3 Sub-compounds

231

(1)

6.6.4 The type of ordinary coordination

231

(1)

6.6.5 Dyad constructions and family group classifiers

232

(3)

6.6.6 Loanwords

235

(1)

6.6.7 Conclusions

235

(1)

6.7 Conclusions

236

(1)

6.A Appendix: Beyond Eurasia

237

(6)

7 Some Considerations about the Diachronic Evolution of Co-compounds

243

(31)

7.1 The evolution of markers, patterns, and constructions vs. the evolution of classes

243

(2)

7.2 The diachronic relationship between co-compounds and coordination

245

(7)

7.2.1 The condensation hypothesis

245

(5)

7.2.2 The introduction of new 'heavy forms'

250

(1)

7.2.3 Conclusions

251

(1)

7.3 Co-compounds as a lexical class evolve gradually

252

(5)

7.4 The role of textual markedness for the acceptability of co-compounds

257

(7)

7.5 Co-compounds in folk poetry and desemantization

264

(6)

7.6 Conclusions

270

(4)

8 Conclusions

274

(7)

Appendix A: Languages and their Linguistic Affiliation

281

(5)

Appendix B: Map of Languages

286

(2)

References

288

(23)

Index of Persons

311

(6)

Index of Languages

317

(6)

Index of Subjects

323

Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780199276219_pe.html

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