The result of nearly twenty years of interdisciplinary research, this volume contributes to the archaeological and paleoenvironmental knowledge of an important but lightly investigated hyperarid coastline at the heart of the Sonoran Desert.
Focused on the coast near Puerto PeŃasco, Sonora, Mexico, Coastal Foragers of the Gran Desierto examines the diverse groups occupying the coast for salt, abundant food sources, and shells for ornament manufacturing. The archaeological patterns demonstrated by the data gathered lead to the conclusion that, since ancient times, this coastal landscape was not a marginal zone but rather an important source of food and trade goods, and a pilgrimage destination that influenced broad and diverse communities across the Sonoran Desert and beyond.
Contributors Jenny L. Adams Karen R. Adams Thomas Bowen Tessa L. Branyan Bill Broyles Richard C. Brusca David L. Dettman Michael S. Foster Gary Huckleberry Jonathan B. Mabry Natalia MartĶnez-TagÜeŃa Richard J. Martynec Douglas R. Mitchell Kirsten Rowell Melissa R. Schwan M. Steven Shackley R. J. Sliva Kayla B. Worthey
1. Introduction and Project Background (Mitchell, Mabry, Huckleberry,
Martinez-TagÜeŃa, Foster)
a. Environmental Setting
b. Previous Research
c. Research Themes
d. Field Methods
2. A Sketch of PapaguerĶan Culture History (Mitchell and Martynec)
a. The Pre-Ceramic Period (11,000 BC AD 700)
b. The Ceramic Period (AD 7001800)
c. Historic Period Native Americans (AD 1800+)
3. Coastal Ecology of the Northeastern Gulf of California and the Puerto
PeŃasco-BahĶa Adair
Region (Brusca)
a. The Northern Gulf of California
b. Coastal Environment of the Puerto PeŃasco-BahĶa Adair Region
c. Estero de MorŚa
d. BahĶa Adair
e. Summary
4. Geomorphology and Shell Midden Stratigraphy along the Northern Sonoran
Coast: Implications
for Environmental Change and Archaeological Site Formation (Huckleberry)
a. Geologic Setting
b. Geomorphology
c. Sea Level Change
d. Shell Midden Stratigraphy
e. Summary
5. Results of the Excavations (Mitchell)
a. Sites in the Adair Bay Study Area
b. Other loci at Adair Bay
c. The MorŚa Site Investigations
d. Summary
6. Artifacts (Sliva, J. Adams, Mitchell, Mabry)
a. Ceramics (Mitchell and Mabry)
b. Flaked Stone Artifacts (Sliva)
c. Ground Stone Artifacts (Adams and Martin)
d. Shell Artifacts (Mitchell and Mabry)
e. Summary
7. Obsidian Artifact Analysis (Shackley)
a. Results of this Analysis
b. Sources West of the Colorado River
c. Summary
8. Archaeological Evidence of Marine Resources Used for Subsistence in
Coastal Northern Sonora,
Mexico (Mitchell, Rowell, Brusca)
a. Fish Remains
b. Mollusks
c. Sea Turtle Remains
d. Crabs
e. Summary
9. Plant remains (K. Adams)
a. Useful Plants in The Puerto PeŃasco Region: Modern Ethnographic
Perspective
b. Evidence of Plant Use by Ancient Groups: Archaeological Perspective
c. Discussion
10. Seasonality of Mollusk Collection from Shell Middens in the Puerto
PeŃasco region (Worthey, Dettman, Schwan)
a. Mollusk Shell Growth and 18o Values in the Northern Gulf of California
b. Methods
c. Results
d. Discussion
e. Conclusion
11. Chronology of the Puerto PeŃasco Shell Middens (Mitchell, Huckleberry)
a. Radiocarbon dating
b. Artifacts
c. Chronological Reconstruction of shell midden use near Puerto PeŃasco
12. Prehistoric Coastal Foraging on the Gran Desierto Coast (Mabry, Mitchell,
Martinez-TagÜeŃa)
a. Coastal Adaptations in Human Prehistory
b. Cross-Cultural Patterns of Intertidal Zone Foraging
c. Historical Records of Indigenous Foraging on the Gran Desierto Coast
d. A Human Behavioral Ecology Model of Prehistoric Coastal Foraging on the
Gran Desierto Coast
e. Lessons about Coastal Foraging in Arid Environments
13. Concluding Thoughts and Directions for Future Research along the Northern
Coast of the Gulf of
California (Mabry, Mitchell, Huckleberry, Martinez-TagÜeŃa)
Appendices
a. The 1986 Survey in the Gran Desierto (Bowen)
b. Thermofisher Scientific Quant'x Analysis and Instrumentation
c. Isotope Profiles
Douglas R. Mitchell, MA, is a research associate at Sedav Vaaki Museum in Phoenix, Arizona. He spent more than thirty-five years conducting archaeological investigations, and his research interests include prehistoric cultures of Arizona, chronology, settlement systems, northern Gulf of California coastal middens, and the study of prehistoric burial practices in the Southwest.
Jonathan B. Mabry, PhD, is an anthropologist and archaeologist with more than forty years of fieldwork experience in the deserts of the Middle East, North Africa, U.S. Southwest, and Northwest Mexico. His research has focused on Indigenous subsistence adaptations, social organizations, and cultural histories of prehistoric peoples of the U.S.-Mexico desert.
Gary Huckleberry, PhD, is an adjunct research associate and lecturer at the University of Arizona who specializes in geomorphology, soils, geoarchaeology, and environmental change. He was an assistant and then associate professor at Washington State University and served as co-editor of the journal Geoarchaeology.
Natalia MartĶnez-TagÜeŃa, PhD, is an environmental anthropologist and community archaeologist conducting participatory research for drylands sustainability. Her research topics include subsistence, climate change, coastal adaptations, governance, social innovation, and sustainable development. She is the co-editor of Stewardship of Future Drylands and Climate Change in the Global South.
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