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E-grāmata: Collective Redress and EU Competition Law

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Collective Redress and EU Competition LawPalielināt
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Exploring obstacles to effective compensation of victims of competition infringements, this book categorises the types of victims harmed and the types of losses arisen from these infringements to identify to what extent there is a need for enhanced private competition law enforcement in the European Union (EU) and the best way to address this need. It shows that there is a genuine need for facilitating consumer damages actions and that consumer claims are the only claims that can be pursued in a collective redress action. In order to compensate consumers and overcome barriers to effective enforcement of their right to damages, it structures a collective redress action for consumers by considering the following elements: i. the formation of the group, ii. the type of representative party iii. funding mechanisms and iv. calculation and distribution of damages.

Preface ix
Acknowledgements x
List of abbreviations
xi
Table of cases
xiv
Table of legislation
xviii
1 Introduction
1(16)
Background
1(5)
Paucity of actions for damages for competition infringements
1(2)
The need for collective redress in competition law enforcement
3(1)
Reflection on the term `collective redress'
4(2)
Issues relating to the design of a collective redress action
6(6)
Judicial v non-judicial means of collective redress
6(3)
Elements of collective redress actions
9(3)
Methodology
12(2)
Structure
14(3)
2 The notion of and need for collective redress actions
17(21)
Introduction
17(1)
The concept and function of collective redress procedures
17(7)
A short summary of evolution and policy rationale
17(3)
The purpose of die procedure
20(4)
Setting the scene for EU collective redress actions
24(12)
The recognition and exercise of the right to damages
24(4)
The need for collective redress actions for consumers
28(6)
The role of collective redress actions
34(2)
Concluding remarks
36(2)
3 Commission initiatives on collective redress actions
38(24)
Introduction
38(1)
Two distinct initiatives in competition and consumer law
38(6)
Commission efforts in competition law
38(5)
Commission efforts in consumer law
43(1)
Combining the two: a horizontal approach toward collective redress actions
44(7)
Overview of the reasons leading to horizontal approach
44(2)
The proposals under the horizontal approach
46(3)
Impact of the horizontal approach on collective redress
49(2)
Distinctive approach toward collective redress actions
51(9)
Potential shortcomings of the horizontal approach
51(4)
The case for a distinctive competition law approach
55(5)
Concluding remarks
60(2)
4 Objectives of collective redress actions in EU competition enforcement
62(19)
Introduction
62(1)
Determining the objectives and their significance
62(4)
Objectives of actions for damages
66(5)
The approach of the EU courts
66(1)
The approach of the Commission
67(4)
Compensation and deterrence objectives for collective redress actions
71(7)
The unique competition law enforcement goal and its implications for collective redress actions
71(3)
Objectives of collective redress actions
74(3)
Collective redress actions for consumers: do the objectives pursued differ?
77(1)
Concluding remarks
78(3)
5 Consumer damages claims in EU competition cases
81(31)
Introduction
81(1)
Damages caused by competition infringements
81(8)
The types of competition infringements
81(3)
The types of harm resulting from competition infringements
84(2)
Potential damages of competition infringements
86(3)
The overcharge as a measure of damages in consumer cases
89(9)
Overcharge in collusion cases
89(4)
Overcharge in abuse of dominance cases
93(5)
The ways in which consumers are harmed
98(11)
Direct consumers
98(1)
Indirect consumers
99(6)
Deadweight loss consumers
105(2)
Umbrella consumers
107(2)
Concluding remarks
109(3)
6 Grouping collective claims: Opt-in v opt-out
112(39)
Introduction
112(1)
Establishing the group membership
112(25)
Opt-in actions
112(4)
Mandatory actions
116(1)
Opt-out actions
116(10)
The proposed approach
126(11)
Grouping the claims
137(11)
The ways in which the group is defined
137(3)
Two necessary elements of group definition
140(2)
Towards an adequate group definition: what matters?
142(4)
The proposed approach: grouping consumer claims
146(2)
Concluding remarks
148(3)
7 Designing collective redress actions: Representative party and funding rules
151(19)
Introduction
151(1)
Determining the representative party
151(5)
Lead plaintiff
151(2)
Ideological claimant
153(3)
Funding
156(12)
Liability for costs
156(3)
Possible options for funding
159(4)
Contingency fees as one of the options
163(2)
The proposed approach
165(3)
Concluding remarks
168(2)
8 Calculation and distribution of damages in collective actions for consumers
170(19)
Introduction
170(1)
Possible ways of awarding damages to a group
170(4)
Aggregate v individual damages assessment
170(2)
Aggregate damages assessment and die compensation objective
172(2)
Calculation of damages to consumers
174(5)
Allocation of damages
179(8)
Distribution of damages to group members
179(3)
Possible alternatives for undistributed damages and the proposed approach
182(5)
Concluding remarks
187(2)
9 Conclusions
189(9)
Concluding remarks
189(9)
Bibliography 198(26)
Index 224
Dr. Eda ahin is a lecturer at EU School of Law. She was awarded a Doctorate in Law at Queen Mary, University of London. She holds an LLM in Competition Law and Policy from the University of East Anglia. Her LLM thesis examined the passing-on defence in competition law in the EU, US and Turkey. She holds business administration and law degrees from the University of Istanbul, Turkey. Eda was admitted to Istanbul Bar in 2007. She is also the editor of the Global Antitrust Review which is published annually by the Interdisciplinary Centre for Competition Law and Policy, Queen Mary, University of London. After graduation, she returned to Turkey, and started working as a lecturer in law at a public university in Turkey in order to serve her compulsory work in return for the Ministry of National Educations scholarship she received to pursue her doctorate in the UK. In her current position as a lecturer, she is responsible for teaching Law of Obligations and Property Law at the undergraduate level and UK Contract Law and Family Law at the postgraduate level.
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