Preface to the Instructor |
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iv | |
Preface to the Student |
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xii | |
Studying for and Taking the MCAT Exam |
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xiii | |
Real-World Applications |
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xvii | |
Part I: Force and Motion |
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Overview: The Science of Physics |
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3 | (1) |
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Chapter 1 Representing Motion |
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4 | (28) |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (1) |
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1.3 Position and Time: Putting Numbers on Nature |
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8 | (3) |
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11 | (2) |
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1.5 A Sense of Scale: Significant Figures, Scientific Notation, and Units |
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13 | (6) |
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1.6 Vectors and Motion: A First Look |
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19 | (4) |
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1.7 Where Do We Go from Here? |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (6) |
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Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension |
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32 | (39) |
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33 | (4) |
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37 | (4) |
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2.3 Instantaneous Velocity |
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41 | (3) |
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44 | (3) |
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2.5 Motion with Constant Acceleration |
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47 | (4) |
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2.6 Solving One-Dimensional Motion Problems |
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51 | (4) |
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55 | (6) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (9) |
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Chapter 3 Vectors and Motion in Two Dimensions |
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71 | (34) |
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72 | (2) |
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3.2 Coordinate Systems and Vector Components |
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74 | (5) |
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79 | (3) |
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3.4 Motion in Two Dimensions |
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82 | (3) |
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85 | (2) |
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3.6 Projectile Motion: Solving Problems |
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87 | (3) |
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90 | (3) |
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93 | (3) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (8) |
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Chapter 4 Forces and Newton's Laws of Motion |
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105 | (29) |
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106 | (3) |
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4.2 A Short Catalog of Forces |
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109 | (4) |
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113 | (2) |
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115 | (2) |
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117 | (3) |
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120 | (2) |
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122 | (4) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (7) |
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Chapter 5 Applying Newton's Laws |
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134 | (41) |
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135 | (3) |
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5.2 Dynamics and Newton's Second Law |
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138 | (3) |
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141 | (3) |
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144 | (2) |
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146 | (5) |
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151 | (6) |
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157 | (2) |
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159 | (6) |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (9) |
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Chapter 6 Circular Motion, Orbits, and Gravity |
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175 | (30) |
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6.1 Uniform Circular Motion |
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176 | (2) |
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6.2 Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion |
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178 | (6) |
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6.3 Apparent Forces in Circular Motion |
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184 | (3) |
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6.4 Circular Orbits and Weightlessness |
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187 | (3) |
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6.5 Newton's Law of Gravity |
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190 | (3) |
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193 | (4) |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (7) |
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Chapter 7 Rotational Motion |
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205 | (39) |
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7.1 Describing Circular and Rotational Motion |
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206 | (5) |
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7.2 The Rotation of a Rigid Body |
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211 | (4) |
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215 | (4) |
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7.4 Gravitational Torque and the Center of Gravity |
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219 | (4) |
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7.5 Rotational Dynamics and Moment of Inertia |
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223 | (4) |
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7.6 Using Newton's Second Law for Rotation |
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227 | (4) |
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231 | (3) |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (9) |
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Chapter 8 Equilibrium And Elasticity |
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244 | (28) |
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8.1 Torque and Static Equilibrium |
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245 | (5) |
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8.2 Stability and Balance |
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250 | (2) |
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8.3 Springs and Hooke's Law |
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252 | (3) |
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8.4 Stretching and Compressing Materials |
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255 | (3) |
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8.5 Forces and Torques in the Body |
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258 | (5) |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (8) |
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Part I: Summary Force and Motion |
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272 | (1) |
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One Step Beyond: Dark Matter and the Structure of the Universe |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (3) |
Part II Conservation Laws |
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Overview: Why Some Things Stay the Same |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (31) |
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279 | (1) |
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9.2 Momentum and the Impulse-Momentum Theorem |
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280 | (5) |
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9.3 Solving Impulse and Momentum Problems |
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285 | (2) |
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9.4 Conservation of Momentum |
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287 | (5) |
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292 | (2) |
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9.6 Momentum and Collisions in Two Dimensions |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (5) |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (8) |
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Chapter 10 Energy and Work |
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309 | (45) |
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10.1 The Basic Energy Model |
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310 | (4) |
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314 | (4) |
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318 | (3) |
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321 | (4) |
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325 | (2) |
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10.6 Conservation of Energy |
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327 | (4) |
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331 | (4) |
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10.8 Molecular Bonds and Chemical Energy |
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335 | (4) |
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10.9 Energy in Collisions |
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339 | (2) |
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341 | (4) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (8) |
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354 | (36) |
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355 | (3) |
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358 | (6) |
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11.3 Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat |
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364 | (3) |
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11.4 The First Law of Thermodynamics |
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367 | (2) |
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369 | (3) |
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372 | (2) |
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11.7 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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374 | (3) |
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11.8 Systems, Energy, and Entropy |
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377 | (5) |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (7) |
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Part II: Summary Conservation Laws |
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390 | (1) |
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One Step Beyond: Order Out of Chaos |
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391 | (1) |
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392 | (3) |
Part III: Properties of Matter |
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Overview: Beyond the Particle Model |
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395 | (1) |
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Chapter 12 Thermal Properties of Matter |
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396 | (45) |
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12.1 The Atomic Model of Matter |
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397 | (2) |
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12.2 The Atomic Model of an Ideal Gas |
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399 | (7) |
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406 | (6) |
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412 | (2) |
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12.5 Specific Heat and Heat of Transformation |
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414 | (4) |
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418 | (3) |
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12.7 Specific Heats of Gases |
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421 | (1) |
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422 | (4) |
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426 | (5) |
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431 | (1) |
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432 | (9) |
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441 | (37) |
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442 | (1) |
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443 | (5) |
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448 | (6) |
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454 | (3) |
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457 | (4) |
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13.6 Viscosity and Poiseuille's Equation |
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461 | (2) |
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13.7 The Circulatory System |
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463 | (7) |
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470 | (1) |
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471 | (7) |
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Part III: Summary Properties of Matter |
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478 | (1) |
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One Step Beyond: Size and Life |
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479 | (1) |
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480 | (3) |
Part IV: Oscillations and Waves |
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Overview: Motion That Repeats Again and Again |
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483 | (1) |
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484 | (34) |
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14.1 Equilibrium and Oscillation |
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485 | (2) |
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14.2 Linear Restoring Forces and SHM |
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487 | (2) |
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14.3 Describing Simple Harmonic Motion |
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489 | (5) |
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14.4 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion |
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494 | (5) |
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499 | (3) |
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502 | (2) |
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14.7 Driven Oscillations and Resonance |
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504 | (5) |
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509 | (1) |
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510 | (8) |
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Chapter 15 Traveling Waves and Sound |
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518 | (31) |
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519 | (1) |
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520 | (4) |
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15.3 Graphical and Mathematical Descriptions of Waves |
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524 | (5) |
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15.4 Sound and Light Waves |
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529 | (2) |
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15.5 Energy and Intensity |
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531 | (2) |
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533 | (3) |
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15.7 The Doppler Effect and Shock Waves |
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536 | (5) |
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541 | (1) |
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542 | (7) |
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Chapter 16 Superposition and Standing Waves |
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549 | (31) |
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16.1 The Principle of Superposition |
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550 | (1) |
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551 | (2) |
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16.3 Standing Waves on a String |
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553 | (5) |
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16.4 Standing Sound Waves |
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558 | (5) |
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563 | (2) |
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16.6 The Interference of Waves from Two Sources |
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565 | (4) |
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569 | (3) |
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572 | (1) |
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573 | (7) |
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Part IV: Summary Oscillations and Waves |
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580 | (1) |
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One Step Beyond: Waves in the Earth and the Ocean |
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581 | (1) |
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582 | (3) |
Part V: Optics |
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Overview: Light Is a Wave |
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585 | (1) |
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586 | (34) |
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587 | (3) |
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17.2 The Interference of Light |
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590 | (4) |
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17.3 The Diffraction Grating |
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594 | (5) |
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17.4 Thin-Film Interference |
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599 | (6) |
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17.5 Single-Slit Diffraction |
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605 | (4) |
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17.6 Circular-Aperture Diffraction |
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609 | (3) |
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612 | (1) |
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613 | (7) |
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620 | (37) |
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18.1 The Ray Model of Light |
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621 | (3) |
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624 | (3) |
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627 | (4) |
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18.4 Image Formation by Refraction |
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631 | (2) |
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18.5 Thin Lenses: Ray Tracing |
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633 | (6) |
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18.6 Image Formation with Spherical Mirrors |
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639 | (5) |
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18.7 The Thin-Lens Equation |
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644 | (5) |
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649 | (1) |
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650 | (7) |
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Chapter 19 Optical Instruments |
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657 | (33) |
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658 | (2) |
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660 | (7) |
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667 | (3) |
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670 | (3) |
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673 | (1) |
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19.6 Color and Dispersion |
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674 | (3) |
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19.7 Resolution of Optical Instruments |
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677 | (6) |
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683 | (1) |
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684 | (6) |
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690 | (1) |
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One Step Beyond: Scanning Confocal Microscopy |
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691 | (1) |
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692 | (3) |
Part VI: Electricity and Magnetism |
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Overview: Charges, Currents, and Fields |
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695 | (1) |
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Chapter 20 Electric Fields and Forces |
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696 | (38) |
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697 | (6) |
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20.2 Charges, Atoms, and Molecules |
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703 | (2) |
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705 | (5) |
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20.4 The Concept of the Electric Field |
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710 | (3) |
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20.5 The Electric Field of Multiple Charges |
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713 | (6) |
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20.6 Conductors and Electric Fields |
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719 | (2) |
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20.7 Forces and Torques in Electric Fields |
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721 | (4) |
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725 | (1) |
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726 | (8) |
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Chapter 21 Electric Potential |
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734 | (40) |
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21.1 Electric Potential Energy and Electric Potential |
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735 | (2) |
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21.2 Sources of Electric Potential |
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737 | (3) |
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21.3 Electric Potential and Conservation of Energy |
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740 | (3) |
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21.4 Calculating the Electric Potential |
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743 | (8) |
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21.5 Connecting Potential and Field |
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751 | (4) |
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21.6 The Electrocardiogram |
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755 | (2) |
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21.7 Capacitance and Capacitors |
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757 | (4) |
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21.8 Energy and Capacitors |
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761 | (4) |
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765 | (1) |
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766 | (8) |
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Chapter 22 Current and Resistance |
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774 | (26) |
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775 | (2) |
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22.2 Defining and Describing Current |
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777 | (2) |
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779 | (1) |
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22.4 Connecting Potential and Current |
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780 | (4) |
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22.5 Ohm's Law and Resistor Circuits |
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784 | (4) |
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788 | (4) |
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792 | (1) |
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793 | (7) |
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800 | (38) |
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23.1 Circuit Elements and Diagrams |
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801 | (1) |
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802 | (3) |
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23.3 Series and Parallel Circuits |
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805 | (5) |
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23.4 Measuring Voltage and Current |
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810 | (1) |
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23.5 More Complex Circuits |
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811 | (3) |
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23.6 Capacitors in Parallel and Series |
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814 | (2) |
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816 | (3) |
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23.8 Electricity in the Nervous System |
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819 | (8) |
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827 | (1) |
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828 | (10) |
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Chapter 24 Magnetic Fields and Forces |
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838 | (41) |
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839 | (1) |
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840 | (4) |
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24.3 Electric Currents Also Create Magnetic Fields |
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844 | (3) |
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24.4 Calculating the Magnetic Field Due to a Current |
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847 | (11) |
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24.5 Magnetic Fields Exert Forces on Moving Charges 851 |
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24.6 Magnetic Fields Exert Forces on Currents |
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858 | (3) |
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24.7 Magnetic Fields Exert Torques on Dipoles |
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861 | (4) |
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24.8 Magnets and Magnetic Materials |
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865 | (4) |
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869 | (1) |
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870 | (9) |
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Chapter 25 EM Induction and EM Waves |
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879 | (37) |
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880 | (1) |
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881 | (3) |
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25.3 Magnetic Flux and Lenz's Law |
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884 | (5) |
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889 | (4) |
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25.5 Electromagnetic Waves |
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893 | (6) |
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25.6 The Photon Model of Electromagnetic Waves |
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899 | (1) |
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25.7 The Electromagnetic Spectrum |
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900 | (6) |
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906 | (1) |
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907 | (9) |
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Chapter 26 AC Electricity |
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916 | (28) |
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917 | (2) |
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26.2 AC Electricity and Transformers |
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919 | (4) |
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26.3 Household Electricity |
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923 | (2) |
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26.4 Biological Effects and Electrical Safety |
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925 | (2) |
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927 | (2) |
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26.6 Inductors and Inductor Circuits |
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929 | (3) |
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26.7 Oscillation Circuits |
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932 | (5) |
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937 | (1) |
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938 | (6) |
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Part VI: Summary Electricity and Magnetism |
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944 | (1) |
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One Step Beyond The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming |
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945 | (1) |
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946 | (3) |
Part VII Modern Physics |
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Overview: New Ways of Looking at the World |
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949 | (1) |
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950 | (36) |
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27.1 Relativity: What's It All About? |
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951 | (1) |
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951 | (3) |
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27.3 Einstein's Principle of Relativity |
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954 | (3) |
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27.4 Events and Measurements |
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957 | (3) |
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22.5 The Relativity of Simultaneity |
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960 | (2) |
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962 | (6) |
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968 | (2) |
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27.8 Velocities of Objects in Special Relativity |
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970 | (1) |
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27.9 Relativistic Momentum |
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971 | (2) |
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27.10 Relativistic Energy |
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973 | (5) |
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978 | (1) |
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979 | (7) |
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Chapter 28 Quantum Physics |
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|
986 | (33) |
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28.1 X Rays and X-Ray Diffraction |
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987 | (2) |
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28.2 The Photoelectric Effect |
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989 | (6) |
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995 | (2) |
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997 | (3) |
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1000 | (2) |
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28.6 Energy Levels and Quantum Jumps |
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1002 | (3) |
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28.7 The Uncertainty Principle |
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1005 | (2) |
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28.8 Applications and Implications of Quantum Theory |
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1007 | (3) |
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1010 | (1) |
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1011 | (8) |
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Chapter 29 Atoms and Molecules |
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1019 | (35) |
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1020 | (2) |
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1022 | (3) |
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29.3 Bohr's Model of Atomic Quantization |
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1025 | (2) |
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29.4 The Bohr Hydrogen Atom |
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1027 | (5) |
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29.5 The Quantum-Mechanical Hydrogen Atom |
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1032 | (2) |
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29.6 Multi-electron Atoms |
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1034 | (3) |
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29.7 Excited States and Spectra |
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1037 | (4) |
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1041 | (1) |
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29.9 Stimulated Emission and Lasers |
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1042 | (4) |
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1046 | (1) |
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1047 | (7) |
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Chapter 30 Nuclear Physics |
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1054 | (36) |
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1055 | (2) |
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1057 | (3) |
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30.3 Forces and Energy in the Nucleus |
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1060 | (2) |
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30.4 Radiation and Radioactivity |
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1062 | (6) |
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30.5 Nuclear Decay and Half-Lives |
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1068 | (5) |
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30.6 Medical Applications of Nuclear Physics |
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1073 | (6) |
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30.7 The Ultimate Building Blocks of Matter |
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1079 | (4) |
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1083 | (1) |
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1084 | (6) |
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Part VII: Summary Modern Physics |
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|
1090 | (1) |
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One Step Beyond: The Physics of Very Cold Atoms |
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|
1091 | (1) |
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|
1092 | |
Appendix A: Mathematics Review |
|
A-1 | |
Appendix B: Periodic Table of Elements |
|
A-3 | |
Appendix C: Atomic and Nuclear Data |
|
A-4 | |
Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems |
|
A-7 | |
Credits |
|
C-1 | |
Index |
|
I-1 | |