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E-grāmata: Complex Macromolecular Architectures: Synthesis, Characterization, and Self-Assembly

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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 04-Apr-2011
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780470825143
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Complex Macromolecular Architectures: Synthesis, Characterization, and Self-AssemblyPalielināt
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 04-Apr-2011
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780470825143
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"Despite very active research activities in the field of CMA, there lacks a simple-to-read book for researchers and students interested in these new developments. In each chapter, current progress in the area of the synthesis, characterization, and self-assemblies of well-defined complex macromolecular architectures is reviewed by each contributor with relevant emphasis on their research topics. The architectural polymers include bio-conjugated hybrid polymers with poly(-amino acid)s and gluco-polymers, star-branched and dendrimer-like hyperbranched polymers, cyclic polymers, dendrigraft polymers, rod-coil and helix-coil block copolymers are introduced chapter by chapter in the book. In particular, the book also emphasizes the topic of synthetic breakthroughs by living/controlled polymerization since 2000. Newly developed concepts and procedures, such as "Click" chemistry, chain walking, polyhomologation and ADMET are also highlighted. Furthermore, renowned authors contribute on such special topicsas helical polyisocyanates, metallopolymers, stereospecific polymers, hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymers, conjugated polymers, and polyrotaxanes, which have attracted considerable interest as novel polymer materials with potential future applications. In addition, recent advances in reactive blending achieved with well-defined end-functionalized polymers is discussed from an industrial point of view. Moreover, topics on polymer-based nanotechnologies, including self-assembled architectures and suprastructures, nano-structured materials and devices, nanofabrication, surface nanostructures, and their AFM imaging analysis of hetero-phased polymers are included"--

"In particular, the book also emphasizes the topic of synthetic breakthroughs by living/controlled polymerization since 2000"--

Provided by publisher.

Despite very active research activities in the field of CMA, there lacks a simple-to-read book for researchers and students interested in these new developments.

In each chapter, current progress in the area of the synthesis, characterization, and self-assemblies of well-defined complex macromolecular architectures is reviewed by each contributor with relevant emphasis on their research topics. The architectural polymers include bio-conjugated hybrid polymers with poly(-amino acid)s and gluco-polymers, star-branched and dendrimer-like hyperbranched polymers, cyclic polymers, dendrigraft polymers, rod-coil and helix-coil block copolymers are introduced chapter by chapter in the book. In particular, the book also emphasizes the topic of synthetic breakthroughs by living/controlled polymerization since 2000. Newly developed concepts and procedures, such as “Click” chemistry, chain walking, polyhomologation and ADMET are also highlighted.

Furthermore, renowned authors contribute on such special topics as helical polyisocyanates, metallopolymers, stereospecific polymers, hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymers, conjugated polymers, and polyrotaxanes, which have attracted considerable interest as novel polymer materials with potential future applications. In addition, recent advances in reactive blending achieved with well-defined end-functionalized polymers is discussed from an industrial point of view. Moreover, topics on polymer-based nanotechnologies, including self-assembled architectures and suprastructures, nano-structured materials and devices, nanofabrication, surface nanostructures, and their AFM imaging analysis of hetero-phased polymers are included.

Recenzijas

"Though appealing to specialists, the material is presented with adequate description to be accessible to researchers in other fields." (Book News, 1 August 2011)  

List of Contributors
xvii
Preface xix
About the Editors xxi
PART ONE SYNTHESIS
1(490)
1 Cyclic and Multicyclic Topological Polymers
3(18)
Takuya Yamamoto
Yasuyuki Tezuka
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 The Progress on the Synthesis of Ring Polymers
4(5)
1.2.1 Ring-Expansion Polymerization
4(2)
1.2.2 Cyclization by Telechelic Polymer Precursors
6(3)
1.3 Functional Ring Polymers and Topology Effects Thereby
9(4)
1.3.1 Polymer Catenanes Using a Ring Polymer Precursor Having an H-Bonding Unit
9(1)
1.3.2 Single-Molecule Spectroscopy Using a Ring Polymer Having a Chromophore Unit
10(2)
1.3.3 Crystallization Dynamics Using a Defect-Free Ring Polymer
12(1)
1.4 New Developments in the Construction of Multicyclic Polymer Topologies
13(4)
1.4.1 Fused Multicyclic Polymers
14(1)
1.4.2 Spiro Multicyclic Polymers
15(2)
1.4.3 Bridged Multicyclic Polymers
17(1)
1.5 Conclusions and Perspectives
17(1)
References
17(4)
2 Ultrarapid Approaches to Mild Macromolecular Conjugation
21(32)
Andrew J. Inglis
Christopher Barner-Kowollik
2.1 Introduction
21(2)
2.2 RAFT-HDA Chemistry
23(2)
2.3 Ultrafast RAFT-HDA Chemistry
25(2)
2.4 Cycloadditions with Strained or Activated Alkynes
27(6)
2.5 Thiol-Ene/Thiol-Yne Chemistry
33(3)
2.6 Thiol-Isocyanate Chemistry
36(4)
2.7 Thio-Bromo Chemistry
40(2)
2.8 Inverse Electron Demand Diels---Alder
42(3)
2.9 Cycloadditions Involving Nitrile Oxides
45(1)
2.10 Oxime Formation
46(1)
2.11 Tetrazole-Ene Reaction
47(1)
2.12 Concluding Remarks
48(1)
References
48(5)
3 Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Hydrogen-Bonded Supramolecular Polymers
53(44)
Wolfgang H. Binder
Claudia Enders
Florian Herbst
Katharina Hackethal
3.1 Introduction
53(7)
3.1.1 Dynamics of Hydrogen Bonds
55(5)
3.1.2 Other Experimental Methods in Supramolecular Polymer Science
60(1)
3.2 Synthetic Strategies Towards Hydrogen-Bonded Supramolecular Polymers
60(18)
3.2.1 Carbocationic Polymerization
63(4)
3.2.2 Anionic Polymerization
67(1)
3.2.3 Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)
68(3)
3.2.4 Controlled Radical Polymerization (CRP)
71(1)
3.2.5 Polycondensation Methods
72(5)
3.2.6 Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP)
77(1)
3.2.7 Other Postmodification Methods
78(1)
3.3 Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Polymers via Hydrogen Bonds
78(8)
3.3.1 Microphase-Separated H-Bonded Polymers: Towards Pseudoblock Copolymers
79(3)
3.3.2 Ordering on Surfaces
82(1)
3.3.3 Small-Molecule Ordering into Polymers via H Bonds
82(4)
3.3.4 Applications of H-Bonded Supramolecular Polymers
86(1)
3.4 Conclusions and Outlook
86(1)
Acknowledgment
87(1)
References
87(10)
4 Recent Synthetic Developments in Miktoarm Star Polymers with More than Three Different Arms
97(36)
Akira Hirao
Mayumi Hayashi
Tomoya Higashihara
Nikos Hadjichristidis
4.1 Introduction
97(1)
4.2 Miktoarm Star-Branched Polymers up to 2000
98(4)
4.3 Novel and Versatile Methodology Based on an "Iterative Approach" for Miktoarm Star Polymer Syntheses
102(17)
4.3.1 Iterative Methodology with Regeneration of DPE Function
102(2)
4.3.2 Iterative Methodology with Regeneration of Two or More DPE Functions
104(7)
4.3.3 Iterative Methodology with Regeneration of 1,3-Butadiene Function
111(2)
4.3.4 Iterative Methodology with Regeneration of Benzyl Bromide Function
113(3)
4.3.5 Convergent Synthesis of Miktoarm Star-Branched Polymers Using Polymer Anions
116(3)
4.4 Miktoarm Star Polymers by Other Methodologies Based on Living Anionic Polymerization
119(4)
4.5 Miktoarm Star Polymers by Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization
123(4)
4.5.1 ABC Miktoarm Star Polymers
123(2)
4.5.2 ABCD Miktoarm Star Polymers
125(2)
4.6 Concluding Remarks
127(1)
References
128(5)
5 Precise Synthesis of Dendrimer-Like Star-Branched Polymers, a New Class of Well-Defined Hyperbranched Polymers
133(36)
Hee-Soo Yoo
Akira Hirao
5.1 Introduction
133(2)
5.2 Synthetic Approach
135(20)
5.2.1 "Core-First" Divergent Iterative Methodology
135(7)
5.2.2 "Arm-First" Convergent Iterative Methodology
142(5)
5.2.3 "Arm-First" Divergent Iterative Methodology
147(8)
5.3 Hydrodynamic Radii and Radii of Gyration
155(3)
5.4 Viscosity Behavior
158(2)
5.5 Branching Factor (g' Value)
160(3)
5.6 Concluding Remarks
163(1)
References
164(5)
6 Arborescent Polymers with a Mesoscopic Scale
169(26)
Toufic Nabil Aridi
Mario Gauthier
6.1 Introduction
169(2)
6.2 Arborescent Polystyrene
171(8)
6.2.1 Arborescent Polystyrene from Chloromethyl Coupling Sites
172(1)
6.2.2 Arborescent Polystyrene from Acetyl Coupling Sites
173(2)
6.2.3 One-Pot Synthesis of Arborescent Polystyrene
175(2)
6.2.4 Physical Characterization of Arborescent Polystyrene
177(2)
6.3 Arborescent Polystyrene-graft-Poly(2-vinylpyridine) Copolymers
179(6)
6.3.1 Physical Characterization of Arborescent Polystyrene-graft-Poly(2-vinylpyridine)
180(5)
6.4 Arborescent Polystyrene-graft-Polystyrene-block-Poly (2-vinylpyridine)
185(1)
6.5 Arborescent Polystyrene-graft-Polyisoprene
185(2)
6.5.1 Rheological Properties
186(1)
6.6 Arborescent Polystyrene-graft-Poly(tert-Butyl Methacrylate)
187(1)
6.6.1 Solution Properties
188(1)
6.7 Arborescent Polystyrene-graft-Poly(ethylene Oxide)
188(3)
6.7.1 Self-Assembly at the Air/Water Interface
188(3)
6.8 Arborescent Polyisoprene
191(1)
6.9 Conclusions
192(1)
References
193(2)
7 Hyperbranched Glyco-Conjugated Polymers
195(34)
Toshifumi Satoh
Toyoji Kakuchi
7.1 Introduction
195(1)
7.2 Synthesis of Hyperbranched Glyco-Conjugated Polymers
196(15)
7.2.1 Hyperbranched Polysaccharides by Polymerization of 1,6-Anhydro-β-D-hexopyranose
196(4)
7.2.2 Hyperbranched Polytetritol by Polymerization of 1,4-Anhydrotetritol
200(2)
7.2.3 Hyperbranched Polytetritol by Polymerization of 2,3-Anhydrotetritol
202(3)
7.2.4 Hyperbranched Poly(2,5-anhydro-D-glucitol) by Polymerization of 1,2:5,6-Dianhydro-D-mannitol
205(3)
7.2.5 Hyperbranched 5,6-Glucan by Polymerization of 5,6-Anhydro-α-D-glucofuranose Derivative
208(3)
7.3 Unimolecular Reversed Micelle Based on Hyperbranched Glyco-Conjugated Polymer Core
211(14)
7.3.1 Structural Transition of Unimolecular Reversed Micelle
211(5)
7.3.2 Biodegradable Unimolecular Reversed Micelle
216(3)
7.3.3 pH-Sensitive Unimolecular Reversed Micelle with Size-Selective Encapsulation Ability
219(6)
7.4 Conclusions
225(1)
Acknowledgments
225(1)
References
226(3)
8 Highly Branched Functional Polymer Architectures by Click-Chemistry Strategies
229(38)
Mieke Lammens
Filip Du Prez
8.1 Introduction
229(1)
8.2 What's Available in the Click Chemistry Toolbox?
230(3)
8.3 Click Approaches for the Synthesis of Dendrimers
233(8)
8.3.1 Traditional Synthetic Strategies for Dendrimers
234(1)
8.3.2 CuAAC for the Synthesis of Dendrimers
235(1)
8.3.3 Thiol-Ene Click Chemistry for the Synthesis of Dendrimers
236(4)
8.3.4 [ 4 + 2] Cycloaddition (Diels---Alder) Reaction for the Synthesis of Dendrimers
240(1)
8.4 Click Approaches for Hyperbranched Polymers, Dendronized Polymers and Unsymmetrical Dendrimers
241(7)
8.4.1 Overview of Definitions and Traditional Synthetic Strategies
241(2)
8.4.2 CuAAC for the Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymers, Dendronized Polymers and Unsymmetrical Dendrimers
243(2)
8.4.3 Thiol-Yne and Thio-Bromo Chemistry for the Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymers
245(2)
8.4.4 [ 4 + 2] Cycloaddition Diels---Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymers and Dendronized Polymers
247(1)
8.5 Click Approaches for the Synthesis of Star-Shaped Polymers
248(12)
8.5.1 CuAAC for the Synthesis of Star-Shaped Polymers
249(6)
8.5.2 Thiol-Ene Click Chemistry for the Synthesis of Star-Shaped Polymers
255(3)
8.5.3 Diels---Alder Click Reaction for the Synthesis of Star-Shaped Polymers
258(2)
8.6 Conclusion
260(1)
Acknowledgments
260(1)
References
260(7)
9 Living Alkene Polymerization for Polyolefin Architectures
267(50)
Amelia M. Anderson-Wile
Joseph B. Edson
Geoffrey W. Coates
9.1 Introduction
267(1)
9.2 Living Olefin Polymerization
268(3)
9.2.1 Poly(1-hexene)
268(2)
9.2.2 Polypropylene
270(1)
9.2.3 Polyethylene
270(1)
9.2.4 Polyolefins from Conjugated Dienes, Cyclic Olefins and Polar Monomers
270(1)
9.2.5 Criteria for Living Polymerization
271(1)
9.3 Early Metal Olefin Polymerization Catalysts
271(24)
9.3.1 Vanadium Acetylacetonate Catalysts
271(2)
9.3.2 Metallocene Catalysts
273(1)
9.3.3 Catalysts Bearing Monocyclopentadienyl-Amido Ligands
274(1)
9.3.4 Monocyclopentadienylzirconium Amidinate Catalysts
275(5)
9.3.5 Catalysts Bearing Diamido Ligands
280(1)
9.3.6 Amine-Phenolate Titanium and Zirconium Catalysts
281(3)
9.3.7 Bis(phenoxyimine)titanium Catalysts
284(4)
9.3.8 Bis(phenoxyketimine)titanium Catalysts
288(2)
9.3.9 Bis(pyrrolide-imine)titanium Catalysts
290(1)
9.3.10 Bis(indolide-imine)titanium Catalysts
290(1)
9.3.11 Bis(enaminoketonato)titanium Catalysts
290(2)
9.3.12 Bis(phosphanylphenoxide)titanium Catalysts
292(1)
9.3.13 Catalysts Supported by sp2 and sp3 Carbon Donors
293(1)
9.3.14 Rare-Earth Metal Catalysts
294(1)
9.4 Late-Metal Olefin Polymerization Catalysts
295(8)
9.4.1 Nickel and Palladium α-Diimine Catalysts
295(8)
9.4.2 Other Nickel Catalysts
303(1)
9.5 Outlook and Summary
303(1)
References
304(13)
10 Precision Polyolefins
317(32)
Erik B. Berda
Kenneth B. Wagener
10.1 Introduction
317(2)
10.1.1 ADMET Polycondensation Chemistry
317(1)
10.1.2 The Evolution of ADMET
318(1)
10.2 Precision Polyolefins
319(2)
10.3 Linear ADMET Polyethylene: Meeting the Benchmark
321(1)
10.4 Precision Halogenated Polyolefins
322(3)
10.4.1 Synthesis of Precision Halogenated Polyolefins
323(1)
10.4.2 Behavior of Precision Halogenated Polyolefins
323(2)
10.5 Precision Alkyl-Branched Polyolefins
325(8)
10.5.1 Synthesis of Precision Alkyl-Branched Polyolefins
326(1)
10.5.2 Behavior of Precision Alkyl-Branched Polyolefins
327(6)
10.5.3 Increasing the Spacing Between Alkyl Branches in Precision Polyolefins
333(1)
10.6 Precison Ether-Branched Polyolefins
333(2)
10.6.1 Synthesis of Precise Ether-Branched Polyolefins
334(1)
10.6.2 Behavior of Precise Ether-Branched Polyolefins
334(1)
10.7 Precision Acid-Functionalized Polyolefins
335(1)
10.7.1 Precise Carboxylic Acid Placement
335(8)
10.7.2 Precise Phosphonic Acid and Sulfonic Acid Ester Placement
337(2)
10.8 Precision Amphiphilic Copolymers
339(1)
10.8.1 Synthesis of Precision Amphiphilic Copolymers
339(1)
10.8.2 Behavior of Precision Amphiphilic Copolymers
340(3)
10.9 Summary and Outlook
343(1)
Acknowledgments
344(1)
References
345(4)
11 Polyhomologation: The Living Polymerization of Ylides
349(28)
Jun Luo
Kenneth J. Shea
11.1 Introduction
349(1)
11.2 Motivation for Developing a Polyethylene Surrogate
350(1)
11.3 A Living Polymerization of Ylides
351(3)
11.4 Mechanism of the Polyhomologation Reaction
354(5)
11.5 Topological Control of Polymethylene
359(7)
11.5.1 Postpolymerization Topological Control of Polymethylene
359(1)
11.5.2 Initiator-Based Topological Control
360(4)
11.5.3 Topological Control from a Combination of Initiator and Postpolymerization Modification
364(2)
11.6 Copolymers of Polymethylene
366(6)
11.7 Conclusion
372(1)
Acknowledgment
373(1)
References
373(4)
12 Phenylenevinylene Homopolymers and Block Copolymers via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization
377(18)
Chin-Yang Yu
Michael L. Turner
12.1 Introduction
377(3)
12.2 Phenylenevinylene Homopolymers by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization
380(6)
12.3 Phenylenevinylene Block Copolymers by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization
386(5)
12.4 Conclusions
391(1)
References
391(4)
13 Block Copolymers Containing Rod Segments
395(36)
Tomoya Higashihara
Mitsuru Ueda
13.1 Introduction
395(1)
13.2 Block Copolymers Containing Nonconjugated Rod Segments
396(10)
13.2.1 Block Copolymers Containing Polypeptide Segments
396(6)
13.2.2 Block Copolymers Containing Polyisocyanate Segments
402(2)
13.2.3 Block Copolymers Containing Aromatic Polyamide Segments
404(2)
13.3 Block Copolymers Containing π-Conjugated Rod Segments
406(13)
13.3.1 Block Copolymers Containing Polyacetylene Segments
406(1)
13.3.2 Block Copolymers Containing Polyphenylene Segments
407(1)
13.3.3 Block Copolymers Containing Polyfluorene Segments
408(2)
13.3.4 Block Copolymers Containing Poly(phenylene vinylene) Segments
410(2)
13.3.5 Block Copolymers Containing Polythiophene Segments
412(7)
13.4 Rod---Rod Block Copolymers
419(2)
13.5 Concluding Remarks
421(1)
References
422(9)
14 Synthesis of Well-Defined Poly(meth)acrylamides with Varied Stereoregularity by Living Anionic Polymerization
431(30)
Takashi Ishizone
14.1 Introduction
431(2)
14.2 Anionic Polymerization of N, N-Dialkylacrylamides
433(6)
14.3 Enolates of N, N-Dialkylamides as Novel Anionic Initiators
439(5)
14.4 Anionic Polymerization of Protected N-Isopropylacrylamide
444(5)
14.5 Anionic Polymerization of N, N-Dialkylmethacrylamides
449(7)
14.6 Conclusions
456(1)
References
456(5)
15 Complex Macromolecular Chimeras
461(30)
Hermis Latrou
Marinos Pitsikalis
Georgios Sakellariou
Nikos Hadjichristidis
15.1 Introduction
461(2)
15.2 Linear Multiblock Chimeras
463(7)
15.2.1 Primary Amine Macroinitiators
463(5)
15.2.2 Transition-Metal Complex Macroinitiators
468(2)
15.3 Nonlinear Chimeras
470(16)
15.3.1 Star Chimeras
470(6)
15.3.2 Comb, Brush-Block, Dendritic-Like Chimeras
476(10)
15.4 Concluding Remarks
486(1)
References
486(5)
PART TWO CHARACTERIZATION AND SELF-ASSEMBLY
491(332)
16 Self-Assembly and Applications of Polyferrocenylsilane Block Copolymers
493(34)
George R. Whittell
Jessica Gwyther
David A. Rider
Ian Manners
16.1 Introduction
493(2)
16.2 Synthesis of PFS Homopolymers
495(4)
16.2.1 Thermal Ring-Opening Polymerization
495(1)
16.2.2 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed ROP
496(1)
16.2.3 "Classical" Living Anionic ROP
497(1)
16.2.4 Photocontrolled Living Anionic ROP
498(1)
16.3 Synthesis of PFS Block Copolymers
499(5)
16.4 Solution Self-Assembly of PFS Block Copolymers
504(9)
16.5 Self-Assembly of PFS Block Copolymers in the Solid State
513(9)
16.6 Summary
522(1)
Acknowledgments
522(1)
References
523(4)
17 Functional Polymeric Nanostructures Prepared by Self-Assembly and Beyond
527(42)
Rachel K. O'Reilly
17.1 Methods for Polymer Particle Formation
527(25)
17.1.1 Self-Assembly to form Micelles and Vesicles
527(12)
17.1.2 Emulsion and Miniemulsion Polymerization
539(6)
17.1.3 Suspension Polymerization
545(1)
17.1.4 Interfacial Polymerization
546(2)
17.1.5 Hyperbranched Polymer and Dendrimer Formation
548(2)
17.1.6 Other Techniques for Nanoparticle Formation
550(2)
17.2 Methods for Substrate Incorporation
552(8)
17.2.1 Encapsulation of Substrate within Polymer Particle
553(4)
17.2.2 Tethering of Substrate within Polymer Particle
557(3)
17.2.3 Miscellaneous Encapsulation Techniques
560(1)
17.3 Conclusions
560(1)
References
560(9)
18 Morphologies of Block and Star-Branched Polymers with Three Components
569(24)
Hirokazu Hasegawa
18.1 Introduction
569(5)
18.2 Linear ABC Triblock Terpolymers
574(1)
18.3 Pioneering Works
575(4)
18.4 Network Morphologies
579(2)
18.5 Strongly Frustrated Systems
581(3)
18.6 Theoretical Approaches
584(1)
18.7 ABC Miktoarm Star Polymer
585(3)
18.8 Concluding Remarks
588(1)
References
588(5)
19 Morphologies and Photophysical Properties of Conjugated Rod---Coil Block Copolymers
593(30)
Chi-Ching Kuo
Cheng-Liang Liu
Wen-Chang Chen
19.1 Introduction
593(2)
19.2 Solution Micelles
595(7)
19.2.1 Solvent Effect
595(6)
19.2.2 Stimulus-Response Thermal and pH Effect
601(1)
19.3 Thin Films or Bulk Samples
602(7)
19.3.1 Effect of Rod:Coil Ratio
603(2)
19.3.2 Architecture Effects
605(1)
19.3.3 Other Effects
606(2)
19.3.4 Optoelectronic Device Applications
608(1)
19.4 Electrospun Nanofibers
609(6)
19.4.1 The Basic Setups for Electrospinning
609(2)
19.4.2 Electrospun Nanofibers Prepared from Conjugated Rod---Coil Copolymers
611(4)
19.5 Polymer Brushes
615(1)
19.6 Future Directions and Outlook
616(3)
References
619(4)
20 Bulk Self-Assembly of Linear Hybrid Polypeptide-Based Diblock and Triblock Copolymers
623(24)
Sebastien Lecommandoux
20.1 Introduction
623(1)
20.2 Diblock Copolymer Architectures
624(7)
20.2.1 Polydiene-Based Diblock Copolymers
624(2)
20.2.2 Polystyrene-Based Diblock Copolymers
626(2)
20.2.3 Polyether-Based Diblock Copolymers
628(1)
20.2.4 Polyester-Based Diblock Copolymers
629(1)
20.2.5 Diblock Copolypeptides
630(1)
20.2.6 Miscellaneous Diblock Copolymers
631(1)
20.3 Triblock Copolymer Architectures
631(7)
20.3.1 Polydiene-Based Diblock Copolymers
631(2)
20.3.2 Polystyrene-Based Triblock Copolymers
633(1)
20.3.3 Polysiloxane-Based Triblock Copolymers
633(1)
20.3.4 Polyether-Based Triblock Copolymers
634(2)
20.3.5 Miscellaneous Triblock Copolymers
636(2)
20.4 Theory and Phase Diagram
638(2)
20.5 Conclusion
640(1)
References
641(6)
21 AFM Study of Comb (Co)Polymers with Complex Chain Architecture
647(38)
Michel Schappacher
Alain Deffieux
21.1 Introduction
647(1)
21.2 Strategies of Comb Synthesis
648(1)
21.3 Linear Combs with Polystyrene Branches
649(3)
21.4 Star Combs with PCEVE Backbone and PS Branches
652(11)
21.4.1 Comb Stars by the Divergent Approach
653(5)
21.4.2 Comb Stars by the Convergent Approach
658(5)
21.5 Macrocyclic PS Combs
663(17)
21.5.1 Reopening of the Cyclic Comb Ring
668(1)
21.5.2 Imaging of Catenane, Eight-Shaped and Trefoil Knotted Polymer Rings: Combs as Magnified Polymer Structures
669(11)
Acknowledgments
680(1)
References
681(4)
22 Tunable Thermoresponsive Polymers by Molecular Design
685(32)
Richard Hoogenboom
22.1 Introduction
685(2)
22.2 Applications of Thermoresponsive Polymers
687(8)
22.2.1 Sensors
687(2)
22.2.2 Temperature Responsive Self-Assembly
689(2)
22.2.3 Selected Biomedical Applications
691(4)
22.3 Methoxyoligoethylene Glycol Methacrylate (OEGMA)-based Thermoresponsive (Co)polymers by RAFT
695(7)
22.3.1 Systematical Polymer Libraries
697(2)
22.3.2 OEGMA Homopolymers
699(1)
22.3.3 OEGMA Copolymers with Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate (DMAEMA)
700(1)
22.3.4 OEGMA Copolymers with Methacrylic Acid (MAA)
701(1)
22.4 Thermoresponsive Poly(2-hydroxypropylacrylate)s by NMP
702(3)
22.4.1 Libraries of HPA Copolymers
704(1)
22.5 Thermoresponsive Poly(2-oxazoline)s
705(3)
22.5.1 Copolymers of 2-Ethyl-2-oxazoline and 2-N-propyl-2-oxazoline
706(1)
22.5.2 Poly(oligo(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) methacrylate)s
707(1)
22.6 Concluding Remarks
708(1)
Acknowledgment
709(1)
References
709(8)
23 Fluorine-Containing Block Copolymers: Synthesis and Application as a Template for Nanocellular and Porous Structures Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
717(22)
Hideaki Yokoyama
Kenji Sugiyama
23.1 Introduction
717(1)
23.2 Synthesis of Well-Defined Block Copolymers Containing Perfluoroalkylated Polymer Segments
718(6)
23.2.1 Living/Controlled-Radical Polymerization
719(1)
23.2.2 Living Cationic Polymerization
719(1)
23.2.3 Living Anionic Polymerization
720(2)
23.2.4 Group-Transfer Polymerization
722(1)
23.2.5 Introduction of Perfluoroalkyl Groups via Polystyrene-Block-Polyisoprene
723(1)
23.2.6 Introduction of Perfluoroalkyl Groups via Polystyrene-Block-Poly(4-Vinylphenol)
723(1)
23.3 Application as a Template to Nanocellular and Porous Structures Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
724(10)
23.3.1 Supercritical Fluids
724(2)
23.3.2 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Microcells
726(1)
23.3.3 Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers as a Template
726(1)
23.3.4 Fabrication of Nanocells
727(3)
23.3.5 Crossover from Nanocells to Microcells
730(1)
23.3.6 Nonspherical Nanoporous Structures
731(3)
References
734(5)
24 Architectural Polymers, Nanostructures, and Hierarchical Structures from Block Copolymers
739(24)
Ian Wyman
Guojun Liu
24.1 Introduction
739(1)
24.2 Block Copolymer Self-Assembly
740(2)
24.3 Our Approaches to Block Copolymer Architectures
742(4)
24.4 A Block Copolymer Approach to Architectural Polymers
746(11)
24.4.1 Pearl-Ring Molecules
747(6)
24.4.2 Miktoarm Star Polymer
753(4)
24.5 Conclusions
757(1)
References
758(5)
25 Block Copolymer Nanostructured Thin Films for Advanced Patterning
763(28)
Michelle A. Chavis
Evan L. Schwartz
Christopher K. Ober
25.1 Introduction
763(1)
25.2 "Top-Down" Patterning Using Optical Photolithography
764(1)
25.3 Patterning Using Block Copolymers
765(8)
25.3.1 Block Copolymer Architectures
766(1)
25.3.2 Nanostructure Formation Using Block Copolymer Thin Films
767(3)
25.3.3 Reaching Equilibrium Using Thermal Annealing
770(1)
25.3.4 Equilibrium Thin-Film Physics
770(1)
25.3.5 Microdomain Orientational Control for Lithography
771(1)
25.3.6 Lateral and Orientational Control Using Solvent Annealing
772(1)
25.4 Combining "Top-Down" and "Bottom-Up" Patterning Techniques to Enhance Long-Range Order
773(4)
25.4.1 Lithographically Defined Topographic Prepatterns
773(1)
25.4.2 Photolithographically Defined Chemical Patterns
774(2)
25.4.3 Density Multiplication of Chemical Nanopatterns
776(1)
25.4.4 Directly Patternable Block Copolymer Systems
776(1)
25.5 Transferring Nanopatterns Using Dry Etching
777(2)
25.5.1 Incorporation of Inorganic Moieties for Improved Etch Resistance
778(1)
25.6 Industrial Applications and Devices Using Block Copolymers
779(5)
25.6.1 Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Capacitor
780(1)
25.6.2 Bit-Patterned Media for Magnetic Hard Drives
781(1)
25.6.3 Airgap Fabrication
782(2)
25.7 Future Challenges and Outlook
784(2)
References
786(5)
26 Ring Polymers: Effective Isolation and Unique Properties
791(32)
Haskell W. Beckham
26.1 Effective Isolation
792(4)
26.2 Unique Properties
796(16)
26.2.1 Ring Size
796(2)
26.2.2 Ring Dynamics
798(7)
26.2.3 Topological Trapping to Stabilize Incompatible Blends and Introduce Localized Mobility
805(2)
26.2.4 Dissolution in Normally Incompatible Linear Polymers
807(1)
26.2.5 Crystallization Rate
808(2)
26.2.6 Enhanced Fluorescence
810(1)
26.2.7 Rings on Surfaces
810(2)
26.2.8 Medical Applications
812(1)
26.3 Outlook
812(2)
Acknowledgments
814(1)
References
814(9)
Index 823
Nikos Hadjichristidis is a Professor of Polymer at University of Athens, Greece, where he is the Chairman of the Chemistry Department. He also worked as an adjunct professor at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, the Technical University of Denmark, Institute of Chemical Engineering of the National Research Council of Argentina, and the Simon Bolivar University, Venezuela. He holds considerable honors including the ACS PMSE A. K. Doolittle Award (2003) and the International Award of the Society of Polymer Science, Japan (SPSJ, 2007). He is also a very active with the editorial boards of Polymer journals. He has published more than 340 papers and 23 reviews in referred scientific journals, 4 patents, two books. Yasuyuki Tezuka is a Professor of Polymer at the Tokyo Institute of Technology. His research has focused on topological polymer chemistry, in particular on designing topologically unique macromolecular architectures by developing the electrostatic self-assembly and covalent fixation process. He was an associate editor of Polymer Journal published by The Society of Polymer Science, Japan from 2002-2006, and has been an Asian Editor of Reactive and Functional Polymers since 2006. He received a M.S. from The University of Tokyo in synthetic chemistry and a Ph.D. from Ghent University (Belgium) in polymers.

Akira Hiraois a Professor of Polymer at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, where he was the Chairman of Polymeric and Organic Materials Department four times and Vice-Dean of Chemistry Division, undergraduate course (2004-2006). He is currently Members of the Editorial Board of Macromolecules, Polymer Journal, Macromolecular Research, and European Polymer Journal.
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