Preface |
|
xxi | |
|
Part I Governmental Powers |
|
|
1 | (612) |
|
Chapter 1 The Supreme Court and Judicial Review |
|
|
3 | (190) |
|
I Development of Judicial Review |
|
|
4 | (1) |
|
|
4 | (25) |
|
|
4 | (9) |
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
|
14 | (11) |
|
Cass Sunstein, Order Without Law |
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
Pamela S. Karlan, Unduly Partial: The Supreme Court and the Fourteenth Amendment in Bush v. Gore |
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
John C. Yoo, In Defense of the Court's Legitimacy |
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
Michael J. Klarman, Bush v. Gore Through the Lens of Constitutional History |
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
Mark Tushnet, Renormalizing Bush v. Gore: An Anticipatory Intellectual History |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
B Contemporary Use of the Judicial Power |
|
|
29 | (6) |
|
The Federalist No. 78 (Alexander Hamilton) |
|
|
30 | (5) |
|
C Constitutional Interpretation: "When and How" |
|
|
35 | (6) |
|
1 Head Start -- Contraception/Reproduction: A Case Study |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
|
37 | (4) |
|
D Supremacy and State Courts |
|
|
41 | (9) |
|
Martin v. Hunter's Lessee |
|
|
42 | (4) |
|
1 Review of State Courts "In-Action": Independent/Adequate Grounds |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
47 | (3) |
|
II Jurisdictional Limitations on the Scope of the Judicial Power |
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
A Congressional/Statutory |
|
|
50 | (7) |
|
1 Supreme Court/Appellate Jurisdiction |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
|
51 | (5) |
|
|
56 | (1) |
|
B Article III "Case and Controversy" -- Constitutional and Discretionary Abstention |
|
|
57 | (30) |
|
1 The Constitutional Requirements |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
2 Advisory Opinions: Adversity, Mootness, and Collusion |
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
|
58 | (3) |
|
|
61 | (4) |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
3 "Measuring" Controversy/Adversity |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
4 Standing/Personalized Harm |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
Nashville, Cincinnati & St. Louis Railway v. Wallace |
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
5 Measuring Adversity: Judicial Restraint and the Discretionary Use of the Judicial Power -- Limiting Judicial Activism |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
6 Standing: Citizen and Taxpayer Suits |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
70 | (3) |
|
|
73 | (5) |
|
United States v. Richardson |
|
|
78 | (5) |
|
Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans Unitedfor Separation of Church and State |
|
|
83 | (4) |
|
7 "In-House Rules" and Contemporary Judicial Self-Governance |
|
|
87 | (103) |
|
|
88 | (9) |
|
Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans Unitedfor the Separation of Church and State |
|
|
97 | (4) |
|
DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Cuno |
|
|
101 | (3) |
|
Hein v. Freedom from Religion Foundation, Inc |
|
|
104 | (9) |
|
Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization v. Winn |
|
|
113 | (5) |
|
Clapper v. Amnesty International et al. |
|
|
118 | (8) |
|
Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission et al. |
|
|
126 | (2) |
|
Alabama Legislative Black Caucus et al. v. Alabama et al. |
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
|
129 | (11) |
|
|
140 | (7) |
|
Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus |
|
|
147 | (5) |
|
8 Standing and Federalism: Prudence and Enforcing the Tenth Amendment |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
9 Article III Minimums: How Minimum Is Minimum? or "How Low Can You Go"? |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
|
153 | (5) |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
10 Article III Minimums: Can Congress "Create" Standing? |
|
|
159 | (1) |
|
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife |
|
|
159 | (8) |
|
Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency |
|
|
167 | (4) |
|
11 Article III Minimums: "Injury in Fact" and "Causal Connection" |
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
Summers v. Earth Island Institute |
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
C Discretionary Abstention/The Power to Decline Jurisdiction |
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
1 Avoiding Constitutional Questions |
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
|
172 | (1) |
|
Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority |
|
|
173 | (2) |
|
|
175 | (1) |
|
|
175 | (2) |
|
|
177 | (4) |
|
|
181 | (4) |
|
|
185 | (1) |
|
|
186 | (4) |
|
|
190 | (3) |
|
Chapter 2 Congress and Federal Authority |
|
|
193 | (266) |
|
I Authority to Legislate: National Powers in Federal Union |
|
|
193 | (3) |
|
A A Lesson in Nation Building |
|
|
196 | (12) |
|
|
196 | (12) |
|
B Other Aspects of Federal Power |
|
|
208 | (7) |
|
Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association |
|
|
212 | (3) |
|
C The Modern Anti-federalist Revival |
|
|
215 | (8) |
|
U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton |
|
|
216 | (7) |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
A The Court at the Threshold: "Fulton's Folly" |
|
|
224 | (2) |
|
|
224 | (2) |
|
B The Indirect-Direct Test: Laissez-Faire and Limitation of National Power |
|
|
226 | (18) |
|
|
226 | (3) |
|
Houston, E. & W. Ry. Co. v. United States (The Shreveport Rate Case) |
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
Swift & Co. v. United States |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
|
230 | (5) |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States |
|
|
235 | (5) |
|
|
240 | (2) |
|
|
242 | (2) |
|
C Substantial Effect: Expansion of Federal Authority: 1937-1995 -- "A Switch in Time to Save the Nine" |
|
|
244 | (10) |
|
NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp |
|
|
244 | (4) |
|
|
248 | (3) |
|
|
251 | (3) |
|
D The Use of the Expanded Commerce Power as a Regulatory Tool for Federal Authority-- Early Precedents |
|
|
254 | (5) |
|
Champion v. Ames (The Lottery Case) |
|
|
255 | (2) |
|
|
257 | (2) |
|
E Drawing on the Expansive Commerce Power to Protect Civil Rights |
|
|
259 | (8) |
|
Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States |
|
|
261 | (2) |
|
|
263 | (4) |
|
F Limits on the Commerce Power in the Modern Era |
|
|
267 | (94) |
|
|
268 | (16) |
|
United States v. Morrison |
|
|
284 | (7) |
|
1 "Is Home Weed Home Feed?" |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
|
291 | (23) |
|
2 The Affordable Health Care Act and the Commerce Clause |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius |
|
|
314 | (7) |
|
G State Autonomy, Federalism, and the 10th and 11th Amendments: Modern Limits on the Commerce Power |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
1 Pre-Garcia "State Sovereignty and the 10th Amendment" |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
National League of Cities v. Usery |
|
|
322 | (1) |
|
Hodel v. Virginia Surface Mining Association |
|
|
322 | (1) |
|
United Transportation Union v. Long Island Railroad |
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission v. Mississippi |
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority |
|
|
323 | (2) |
|
|
325 | (1) |
|
2 The Anti-Commandeering Doctrine, or "Other Ways to Skin a Cat" |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
New York v. United States |
|
|
326 | (10) |
|
|
336 | (14) |
|
Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association |
|
|
350 | (7) |
|
H The Rehnquist Court Fetish--"Dual Sovereignty," the 11th Amendment: Limitation of Congressional Power |
|
|
357 | (4) |
|
III Other National Powers |
|
|
361 | (1) |
|
A The Taxing and Spending Powers |
|
|
361 | (35) |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co. (Child Labor Tax Case) |
|
|
362 | (3) |
|
United States v. Kahriger |
|
|
365 | (4) |
|
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius |
|
|
369 | (2) |
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
|
372 | (5) |
|
Steward Machine Co. v. Davis |
|
|
377 | (3) |
|
|
380 | (1) |
|
|
380 | (6) |
|
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius |
|
|
386 | (7) |
|
B The War and Treaty Powers |
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
|
394 | (2) |
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
IV State Regulation and the National Economy: The Dormant Commerce Clause |
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
|
396 | (5) |
|
1 Comment: The American Common Market |
|
|
398 | (3) |
|
B The American Common Market as Seen in the Constitution and Supreme Court Decisions |
|
|
401 | (2) |
|
1 Constitutional Provisions |
|
|
401 | (1) |
|
2 Supreme Court Decisions |
|
|
402 | (1) |
|
C Development of the Dormant Commerce Clause |
|
|
403 | (56) |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
|
403 | (3) |
|
Cooley v. Board of Wardens |
|
|
406 | (4) |
|
2 Race, Slavery, and the Dormant Commerce Clause |
|
|
410 | (2) |
|
|
412 | (5) |
|
D The Modern Dormant Commerce Clause |
|
|
417 | (1) |
|
|
417 | (2) |
|
I Category One: Discrimination |
|
|
419 | (1) |
|
a Category One (A) -- Facial Discrimination |
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey |
|
|
421 | (6) |
|
Comptroller of the Treasury ofMd v. Wynne |
|
|
427 | (4) |
|
South-Central Timber Development, Inc. v. Wunnicke |
|
|
431 | (4) |
|
Department of Revenue of Kentucky v. Davis |
|
|
435 | (3) |
|
C& A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown |
|
|
438 | (3) |
|
United Haulers Association v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste |
|
|
|
|
441 | (4) |
|
b Category One (B) -- Discriminatory Purpose or Effect (Non-Facial Discrimination) |
|
|
445 | (1) |
|
Baldwin v. G.A.F. Seelig, Inc |
|
|
446 | (3) |
|
2 Category Two: Nondiscriminatory, Yet Burdensome, State Legislation (Pike Balancing) |
|
|
449 | (1) |
|
Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona ex rel. Sullivan |
|
|
450 | (7) |
|
|
457 | (2) |
|
Chapter 3 The President, Executive Authority, and Separation of Power |
|
|
459 | (154) |
|
I Presidential Power: Domestic Affairs |
|
|
460 | (19) |
|
Youngs town Sheet & Tube v. Sawyer (The Steel Seizure Case) |
|
|
461 | (11) |
|
|
472 | (7) |
|
|
479 | (43) |
|
|
480 | (14) |
|
|
494 | (3) |
|
|
497 | (6) |
|
|
503 | (11) |
|
|
514 | (8) |
|
II Presidential Power: Foreign Affairs |
|
|
522 | (3) |
|
United States v. Curtiss-Wright Corp |
|
|
523 | (2) |
|
|
525 | (9) |
|
Menachem Binyamin Zivotofsky v. John Kerry |
|
|
526 | (8) |
|
B Military Affairs: The President and Use of Armed Forces |
|
|
534 | (7) |
|
|
541 | (1) |
|
|
542 | (7) |
|
|
542 | (7) |
|
|
549 | (10) |
|
Clinton v. City of New York |
|
|
549 | (10) |
|
|
559 | (28) |
|
|
559 | (7) |
|
|
566 | (8) |
|
Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board |
|
|
574 | (2) |
|
|
576 | (11) |
|
D Watergate and Executive Privilege |
|
|
587 | (15) |
|
|
587 | (4) |
|
|
591 | (10) |
|
Cheney v. U.S. District Court |
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
|
602 | (11) |
|
Trump v. U.S. Mazars, LLP |
|
|
605 | (8) |
|
Part II Individual Rights and Liberties |
|
|
613 | (880) |
|
Chapter 4 Application of the Bill of Rights |
|
|
615 | (154) |
|
I Adoption of the Bill of Rights |
|
|
615 | (1) |
|
A The Failure to Include a Written Bill of Rights |
|
|
615 | (5) |
|
II The Bill of Rights and the States |
|
|
620 | (2) |
|
|
620 | (2) |
|
III Slavery and the Constitution: The Ignoble Compromise |
|
|
622 | (17) |
|
|
624 | (11) |
|
|
635 | (4) |
|
IV The Civil War and the Post-Civil War Amendments |
|
|
639 | (1) |
|
A The Amendments "Annotated" |
|
|
640 | (2) |
|
|
640 | (1) |
|
|
640 | (2) |
|
|
642 | (1) |
|
B Reconstruction and a Return to Normalcy |
|
|
642 | (2) |
|
1 "Radical" Reconstruction |
|
|
642 | (1) |
|
|
643 | (1) |
|
C A Supreme Court Trilogy |
|
|
644 | (26) |
|
|
645 | (11) |
|
|
656 | (11) |
|
|
667 | (3) |
|
V The Struggle for Incorporation |
|
|
670 | (1) |
|
A "Nor Shall Any State Deprive Any Person of Life, Liberty, or Property, Without Due Process of Law" |
|
|
670 | (45) |
|
|
671 | (1) |
|
|
672 | (6) |
|
|
678 | (11) |
|
|
689 | (4) |
|
|
693 | (4) |
|
1 The Second Amendment, and Incorporation Part 1 |
|
|
697 | (1) |
|
a "The Right of the People to Keep Arms, Shall Not Be Infringed" |
|
|
697 | (4) |
|
|
701 | (1) |
|
2 The Second Amendment, and Incorporation Part II |
|
|
702 | (1) |
|
McDonald v. City of Chicago |
|
|
702 | (10) |
|
Evangelisto Ramos, Petitioner v. Louisiana |
|
|
712 | (3) |
|
VI The State Action Limitation |
|
|
715 | (2) |
|
|
717 | (22) |
|
|
717 | (2) |
|
|
719 | (2) |
|
Amalgamated Food Employees Union Local v. Logan Valley Plaza |
|
|
721 | (3) |
|
Hudgens v. National Labor Relations Board |
|
|
724 | (3) |
|
Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co |
|
|
727 | (2) |
|
|
729 | (2) |
|
Manhattan Community Access Corporation, etal, Petitioners v Deedee Halleck, etal |
|
|
731 | (6) |
|
1 "The White Primary Cases" |
|
|
737 | (1) |
|
|
737 | (1) |
|
|
737 | (20) |
|
|
757 | (1) |
|
|
757 | |
|
|
755 | |
|
|
739 | (30) |
|
|
759 | |
|
Pennsylvania v. Board of Directors of City Trusts of City of Philadelphia |
|
|
742 | (1) |
|
|
743 | (1) |
|
Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority |
|
|
743 | (4) |
|
|
747 | (1) |
|
|
747 | (4) |
|
|
751 | (3) |
|
2 "Contemporary Standards" |
|
|
754 | (1) |
|
Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co |
|
|
754 | (4) |
|
|
758 | (2) |
|
|
760 | (2) |
|
Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co |
|
|
762 | (3) |
|
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association |
|
|
765 | (4) |
|
Chapter 5 Constitutionally Protected Rights -- Due Process |
|
|
769 | (228) |
|
I Substantive Due Process |
|
|
769 | (1) |
|
|
769 | (15) |
|
|
770 | (6) |
|
1 Decline of Judicial Intervention |
|
|
776 | (1) |
|
|
776 | (2) |
|
United States v. Carolene Products Co |
|
|
778 | (2) |
|
Williamson v. Lee Optical |
|
|
780 | (4) |
|
B The Contract and Takings Clauses |
|
|
784 | (50) |
|
|
784 | (1) |
|
a Nineteenth-Century Developments |
|
|
784 | (1) |
|
|
784 | (4) |
|
b Twentieth-Century Developments |
|
|
788 | (1) |
|
Home Building & Loan Ass 'n v. Blaisdell |
|
|
789 | (9) |
|
Allied Structural Steel v. Spannaus |
|
|
798 | (4) |
|
|
802 | (1) |
|
|
803 | (1) |
|
|
803 | (3) |
|
|
806 | (10) |
|
|
816 | (1) |
|
Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon |
|
|
817 | (6) |
|
Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass'n v. DeBenedictis |
|
|
823 | (6) |
|
Koontz v. St. Johns River Water Management District |
|
|
829 | (5) |
|
C Revival of Substantive Due Process |
|
|
834 | (154) |
|
1 "Fundamental" Right to Privacy |
|
|
834 | (1) |
|
|
834 | (9) |
|
|
843 | (1) |
|
|
843 | (7) |
|
3 The Nature of the Right |
|
|
850 | (1) |
|
Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey |
|
|
851 | (25) |
|
Thomas E. Dobbs, State Health Officer of the Mississippi Department of Health, et al, Petitioners v. Jackson Women's Health Organization |
|
|
876 | (37) |
|
4 Extending Privacy Rights: Family, Marriage, Procreation, Child Bearing |
|
|
913 | (1) |
|
Moore v. City of East Cleveland |
|
|
913 | (3) |
|
|
916 | (2) |
|
|
918 | (12) |
|
James Obergefell v. Richard Hodges, Director, Ohio Department of Health |
|
|
930 | (16) |
|
a How Far Does Obergefell Go [ Part 1]? |
|
|
946 | (1) |
|
b How Far Does Obergefell Go [ Part 1]? |
|
|
947 | (1) |
|
McDonald v. City of Chicago |
|
|
948 | (6) |
|
|
954 | (1) |
|
|
955 | (11) |
|
|
966 | (1) |
|
Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health |
|
|
966 | (7) |
|
|
973 | (11) |
|
|
984 | (4) |
|
II "Procedural" Due Process |
|
|
988 | (2) |
|
A Procedural Due Process in Civil Procedure |
|
|
990 | (7) |
|
1 Opportunity to Be Heard |
|
|
991 | (6) |
|
Chapter 6 Constitutionally Protected Rights -- Equal Protection |
|
|
997 | (496) |
|
I An Overview -- The "Old" and the "New" |
|
|
998 | (1) |
|
|
998 | (1) |
|
|
998 | (1) |
|
C The Newer Than New but Older Than Old Equal Protection |
|
|
998 | (2) |
|
II Discriminatory Classifications |
|
|
1000 | (1) |
|
A Economic Regulations: The Rational Purpose Test |
|
|
1000 | (8) |
|
Kotch v. Board of River Port Pilots |
|
|
1000 | (3) |
|
Railway Express Agency v. New York |
|
|
1003 | (3) |
|
|
1006 | (2) |
|
B "Proving Up Discrimination, Discriminatory Purpose" |
|
|
1008 | (34) |
|
|
1009 | (1) |
|
|
1010 | (7) |
|
Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp |
|
|
1017 | (3) |
|
Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs et al. v. Inclusive Communities Project, Inc., et al. |
|
|
1020 | (6) |
|
1 Note on Disparate Impact |
|
|
1026 | (1) |
|
Personnel Administrator of Massachusetts v. Feeney |
|
|
1027 | (8) |
|
|
1035 | (7) |
|
C Race-Based Classifications |
|
|
1042 | (205) |
|
|
1042 | (1) |
|
|
1043 | (3) |
|
2 Racial Segregation -- Apartheid |
|
|
1046 | (1) |
|
|
1046 | (1) |
|
State of Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada |
|
|
1046 | (2) |
|
|
1048 | (3) |
|
McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education |
|
|
1051 | (2) |
|
|
1053 | (2) |
|
Brown v. Board of Education (Brown I) |
|
|
1055 | (3) |
|
Brown v. Board of Education (Brown II) |
|
|
1058 | (2) |
|
Martin L. Levy, Separate But Equal Is Inherently Unequal |
|
|
1060 | (5) |
|
|
1065 | (1) |
|
|
1066 | (1) |
|
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education |
|
|
1066 | (3) |
|
|
1069 | (1) |
|
Keyes v. School District No. 1, Denver |
|
|
1069 | (3) |
|
Columbus Board of Education v. Penick |
|
|
1072 | (4) |
|
Pasadena City Board of Education v. Spongier |
|
|
1076 | (2) |
|
|
1078 | (1) |
|
Milliken v. Bradley (Milliken I) |
|
|
1079 | (2) |
|
|
1081 | (1) |
|
Board of Education of Oklahoma City v. Dowell |
|
|
1081 | (4) |
|
|
1085 | (5) |
|
g "Use of the Political Process to Repeal Remedies" |
|
|
1090 | (1) |
|
|
1090 | (2) |
|
Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1 |
|
|
1092 | (4) |
|
Crawford v. Los Angeles Board of Education |
|
|
1096 | (2) |
|
h Colleges and Universities |
|
|
1098 | (1) |
|
|
1098 | (7) |
|
|
1105 | (1) |
|
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke |
|
|
1105 | (24) |
|
City of Richmond v. Croson |
|
|
1129 | (16) |
|
Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena |
|
|
1145 | (10) |
|
|
1155 | (7) |
|
|
1162 | (1) |
|
|
1163 | (9) |
|
|
1172 | (4) |
|
Fisher v. The University of Texas at Austin |
|
|
1176 | (17) |
|
Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, Integration & Immigrant Rights & Fight for Equality by Any Means Necessary (BAMN) |
|
|
1193 | (12) |
|
i Racial Diversity in K-12 Public Education |
|
|
1205 | (1) |
|
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District |
|
|
1206 | (8) |
|
ii "Disparate Impact," Title VII, and Employment Practices |
|
|
1214 | (1) |
|
D Gender-Based Classifications |
|
|
1215 | (1) |
|
|
1215 | (1) |
|
|
1215 | (2) |
|
|
1217 | (4) |
|
Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan |
|
|
1221 | (4) |
|
|
1225 | (1) |
|
United States v. Virginia |
|
|
1226 | (12) |
|
a Are All Differences Between Men and Woman Archaic Generalizations? |
|
|
1238 | (1) |
|
Michael M. v. Sonoma County Superior Court |
|
|
1239 | (3) |
|
|
1242 | (1) |
|
|
1243 | (3) |
|
|
1246 | (1) |
|
|
1247 | (5) |
|
|
1247 | (1) |
|
|
1248 | (2) |
|
|
1250 | (1) |
|
|
1250 | (1) |
|
|
1251 | (1) |
|
|
1252 | (2) |
|
|
1252 | (2) |
|
|
1254 | (32) |
|
|
1254 | (1) |
|
City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center |
|
|
1254 | (5) |
|
|
1259 | (1) |
|
Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia |
|
|
1259 | (2) |
|
|
1261 | (1) |
|
|
1261 | (12) |
|
a Comments Concerning Romer and Sexual Orientation |
|
|
1273 | (1) |
|
|
1273 | (13) |
|
III Discrimination in Denial of Fundamental Rights: Strict Scrutiny |
|
|
1286 | (16) |
|
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez |
|
|
1287 | (10) |
|
|
1297 | (5) |
|
|
1302 | (88) |
|
Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections |
|
|
1302 | (1) |
|
|
1303 | (1) |
|
|
1303 | (4) |
|
a Congressional Districts |
|
|
1307 | (1) |
|
b State Elective Districting |
|
|
1308 | (1) |
|
|
1308 | (1) |
|
i Political Gerrymandering |
|
|
1309 | (1) |
|
|
1309 | (11) |
|
|
1320 | (5) |
|
|
1325 | (13) |
|
|
1338 | (11) |
|
Alabama Legislative Black Caucus et al. v. Alabama et al |
|
|
1349 | (8) |
|
Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redisricting Commission et al |
|
|
1357 | (5) |
|
Evenwel et al. v. Abbott, Governor of Texas |
|
|
1362 | (6) |
|
|
1368 | (5) |
|
|
1373 | (4) |
|
|
1377 | (13) |
|
|
1390 | (6) |
|
|
1390 | (6) |
|
|
1396 | (1) |
|
|
1396 | (8) |
|
|
1396 | (4) |
|
|
1400 | (4) |
|
IV Enforcement Legislation |
|
|
1404 | (1) |
|
A Post-Reconstruction Civil Rights Laws |
|
|
1404 | (2) |
|
1 Enforcing the Civil War Amendments |
|
|
1404 | (1) |
|
|
1405 | (1) |
|
|
1405 | (1) |
|
B Reach of the Enforcement Power |
|
|
1406 | (87) |
|
1 The Right to Vote and the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments |
|
|
1406 | (1) |
|
South Carolina v. Katzenbach |
|
|
1407 | (2) |
|
City of Rome v. United States |
|
|
1409 | (5) |
|
City of Boerne v. Flores, Archbishop of San Antonio |
|
|
1414 | (9) |
|
United States v. Morrison |
|
|
1423 | (4) |
|
|
1427 | (8) |
|
2 Congressional Protection of Voting Rights -- The Court in the 21st Century: "Winds of Change A-Shift"? |
|
|
1435 | (1) |
|
Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District Number One |
|
|
|
|
1436 | (4) |
|
Shelby County, Alabama v. Holder |
|
|
1440 | (18) |
|
Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee |
|
|
1458 | (21) |
|
The Constitution of the United States |
|
|
1479 | (14) |
Table of Cases |
|
1493 | (6) |
Index |
|
1499 | |