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E-grāmata: Contested Capitalism: The political origins of financial institutions

(Nanyang Technological University, Singapore)
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This book examines the political origins of financial institutions across fifteen developed democracies, with focused case studies on the US, France, Japan, Austria, and Germany.

The institutional arrangements of financial systems are widely seen as a central distinguishing feature of ‘varieties of capitalism’. Through a wide-range of case studies, this book contends that political battles between landed interests, labor, and owners of capital have fundamentally shaped modern financial arrangements. Demonstrating how these conflicts have shaped contemporary financial architecture in a number of different contexts, author Richard W. Carney offers an innovative approach to explaining the distinctive capitalist arrangements of nation-states. By demonstrating the importance of landed interests to nations’ institutional configurations, the book has clear implications for developing countries such as India and China.

Providing a detailed account of the development of financial institutions, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of political science, sociology, business, finance, and law. It will also offer insights valuable to government policymakers, analysts at international organizations, and the business community.

List of illustrations ix
Preface xi
PART I Questions and explanations 1
1 Introduction
3
Which financial institutions?
5
The existing literature
7
Implications
10
Organization of the hook
11
2 Theory
12
Actors, coalitions, and outcomes
12
Biasing effects of domestic political institutions
26
PART II Broad patterns 31
3 Patterns during the twentieth century
33
Financial systems across time and space
33
Constitutional and financial change
35
Labor versus capital owners
41
Farmers
49
Political institutions and financial change
53
Conclusions
56
Appendix: measurement issues and additional matters
56
PART III Cases 59
4 Class conflict
61
Capital wins: owner-oriented LME
61
Labor—farmer coalition wins: Mediterranean
80
Conclusion
93
5 Social contract
94
Inclusive CME: post-World War II Japan
94
Conclusions
114
6 Urban vs. rural cleavages
115
Farmers win: rural case
115
Capital and labor win: urban case
119
Conclusions
135
7 Voice vs. property
136
Voice: labor wins
136
Property: capital owners and farmers win
144
Conclusion
149
PART IV Conclusions 151
8 Key lessons
153
The critical importance of initial bargains
153
The importance of farmers
154
The importance of power-sharing coalitions
155
Political institutions delimit and bias change
155
Financial complementarities: a holistic view of financial systems
156
Notes 157
References 166
Index 182
Richard W. Carney is Assistant Professor at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.