| About The Translation |
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9 | (4) |
| Foreword |
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13 | (4) |
| Introduction |
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17 | (18) |
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The Constructed Corpse: Methodology, Structure, and Goals |
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19 | (1) |
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Burial between Norm and Practice |
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20 | (2) |
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St Augustine and the "Constructed" Sanctity |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (2) |
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Body Parts and the Gaze Upon the Dead Body |
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27 | (1) |
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A Topic between Popular Hype and Historical Lack of Interest: The State of Research |
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27 | (8) |
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Chapter I The Buried Corpse |
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35 | (94) |
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The Corpse and the Resurrection |
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35 | (6) |
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The Soul, the Corpse, and the Beyond |
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41 | (6) |
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The Eternal and the Eternally Disturbed Grave |
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47 | (6) |
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Drowning and the Element of Baptism |
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53 | (8) |
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Cremating the Dead: Between Concern and Banning |
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61 | (6) |
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The Proper Burial in the Middle Ages |
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67 | (1) |
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The Quest for the Phantom: The "Standard" Burial in the Christian Middle Ages |
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68 | (2) |
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Symbolism of Light and the Position of the Dead in the Grave |
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70 | (5) |
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Solitary Burial and Group Affiliation of the Corpse |
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75 | (2) |
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The Corpse is Coming to the Living: The Cult of the Martyrs and the Burial with Saints |
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77 | (5) |
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The Development of the Church Graveyard |
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82 | (6) |
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Interment in the Time of Crisis |
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88 | (2) |
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War Dead and Their Graves |
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90 | (19) |
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Death as a Result of Epidemics, the Black Death, and Burial |
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109 | (8) |
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117 | (7) |
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124 | (5) |
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Chapter II The Holy Corpse |
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129 | (48) |
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Real Presence and the Cult of Relics |
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130 | (4) |
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The Holy Corpse as a Self-Determined Being |
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134 | (2) |
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Transfer of Relics and Fragmenting of the Corpse |
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136 | (6) |
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Desired Relics, Corpse Desecration, and the Dead as a Valuable Treasure |
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142 | (7) |
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The Corpse as Proof of Sanctity |
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149 | (3) |
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"Corpus Incorruptum," Mumification, and Created Sanctity |
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152 | (13) |
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The Aromatically Smelling Corpse |
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165 | (5) |
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Innocent Liquids: The Leichendl |
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170 | (1) |
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Medieval Complementary Logic: The Corpses of the "Valde Boni" and the "Valde Mali" |
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171 | (3) |
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174 | (3) |
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Chapter III Embalming And The Preservation Of Corpses |
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177 | (140) |
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Ancient Embalming in the Middle Ages |
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180 | (1) |
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Ancient Mummies and the Christian Occident |
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180 | (3) |
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"Aromatibus conditum"--The Biblical Model and Early Christian Embalming |
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183 | (7) |
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Embalming in the Time of the Merovingians |
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190 | (3) |
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Sanctity and (Repeated) Embalming |
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193 | (5) |
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Change of the Embalming Technique in the Time of the Carolingians |
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198 | (1) |
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Rotting and the Ideal of a Fast Burial |
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199 | (3) |
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Ritual of Burial and the Transport of the Corpse |
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202 | (3) |
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A New Method: Opening of the Corpse to Remove the Entrails and the Badly Smelling Corpse of Charles the Bald |
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205 | (5) |
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Embalming in the High Middle Ages |
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210 | (5) |
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Transfer of Corpses since the High Middle Ages |
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215 | (1) |
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Embalming in the Tenth Century |
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215 | (1) |
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Embalming in the Time of the Salian and the Hohenstaufen Dynasties |
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216 | (7) |
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Robert Guiscard, Sven Gabelbart, and Embalming in the Kingdom of England |
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223 | (6) |
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Embalming in the Kingdom of France |
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229 | (2) |
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The Desert and the King of Jerusalem |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (3) |
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Roland, Henry the Lion, and the Deer Hide: Embalming Practice in the Literary Discourse |
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235 | (5) |
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Corpse Transport and Social Prestige: Changes in the Process of Embalming in the Course of the High Middle Ages |
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240 | (1) |
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Kitchen, Cooking, and the Treatment of the Corpse |
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241 | (1) |
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Cooking the Corpse--a "mos Teutonicus"? |
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242 | (3) |
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Boiling of Corpses in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries |
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245 | (13) |
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The Bull "Detestandae feritatis" by Pope Boniface VIII from 1299 and the End of Boiling Corpses |
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258 | (3) |
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The White Bone: The Sanctity of the Boiled Body |
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261 | (2) |
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Individuals Charged with Taking Care of the Corpse and Corpse Washing |
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263 | (10) |
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Dissection of the Corpse and the Professionalization of Embalming |
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273 | (2) |
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Ar-Razi and Medicine in the High Middle Ages |
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275 | (2) |
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Henry of Mondeville, Guy de Chauliac, and the Process of Embalming in Late Medieval and Early Modern Medicine |
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277 | (13) |
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Innovations in High and Late Medieval Embalming Processes and the Anthropological and Archeological Data |
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290 | (1) |
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Opening of the Three Corporal Cavities |
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291 | (4) |
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The Application of Mercury |
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295 | (2) |
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297 | (4) |
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Galen and the Cold, Humid Corpse: Drying of the Corpse as a Technique in Embalming |
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301 | (1) |
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Aerial Drying of the Corpse |
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302 | (1) |
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Hygiene or the Preservation of the Corpse: Gypsum, Lime, and Hops |
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303 | (2) |
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Booming of Embalming: From the Eighteenth Century to Today |
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305 | (3) |
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Embalming, Preservation of the Body, and the Cult of Relics |
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308 | (4) |
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312 | (5) |
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Chapter IV Authority And The Corpse |
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317 | (28) |
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Visiting a Corpse--the Visit by a Corpse |
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318 | (7) |
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The Ruler's Corpse as a Sign of Victory |
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325 | (3) |
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The Specialists of Death and Their Ruler Clientele: The Location of the Grave and the Row of Corpses as a Means for Legitimization |
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328 | (11) |
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Conversion, Legitimacy, and the Beloved Bones of the Ancestors |
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339 | (2) |
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341 | (4) |
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Chapter V The Community Of The Dead And The Corpse In The "Ordo" |
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345 | (66) |
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Hierarchy of the Funeral Sites |
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345 | (2) |
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The Unclean Corpse and the Church as a Burial Site |
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347 | (11) |
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Old Age, Gender, and Kinship: The Hierarchy of the Burial Sites in Medieval Cemeteries |
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358 | (4) |
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Grave Donations Between Here and the Afterlife |
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362 | (6) |
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Clothing Provides Status to the Dead: Insignia of Social Class and the Identification of Corpses |
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368 | (1) |
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Pedum, Paten, Chalice, and Ring: The Burial of Priests and Bishops |
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369 | (6) |
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Crown, Scepter, Orb, and Royal Vestments: The Burial of Emperors and Kings |
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375 | (8) |
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Does God Forget the Names of the Dead? Tables with Inscriptions as Burial Objects and Inscriptions on the Sarcophagus |
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383 | (6) |
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Monastic Habit and Valuable Thread: Monks, Noblemen, Simple People, and Their Clothing for the Beyond |
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389 | (6) |
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Objects Useful for the Corpse |
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395 | (1) |
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Relics, Torture Instruments, and Hosts: Supporters for the Dead |
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396 | (3) |
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Written Documents, Indulgence Letters, and Seals as Documents of Faith |
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399 | (3) |
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402 | (2) |
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Plants and Herbs, Holy Water, Incense, and Coal: Funerary Objects Between Practice and Symbolism |
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404 | (4) |
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Shoes for the Day of Judgment |
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408 | (1) |
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409 | (2) |
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Chapter VI The Corpse And The Law |
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411 | (26) |
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The Corpse as the Interim Occupant of an Office |
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412 | (5) |
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The Corpse as Both Subject and Object of the Law |
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417 | (1) |
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418 | (2) |
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Strikes with the Sword, Bleeding Corpses, and the Beginning of Forensics in the Middle Ages |
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420 | (7) |
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The Cemetery as a Place of Trial |
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427 | (2) |
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Marking Borders, Church Authority, and the Value of the Corpse |
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429 | (1) |
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The Funeral of the Corpse as an Economic Factor |
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430 | (2) |
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The Corpse and Marking of Borders |
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432 | (2) |
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434 | (3) |
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Chapter VII The Living Corpse |
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437 | (42) |
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The Sleeping Dead and Its Physically Continued Life |
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443 | (3) |
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Signs of Life: Speaking, Bleeding, and Continued Growth of Nails and Hair |
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446 | (3) |
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Funeral Ritual to Prevent the Appearance of Revenants |
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449 | (2) |
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Placing Weights on the Corpse and the Separation and Breaking of the Legs |
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451 | (3) |
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454 | (2) |
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Impalement, Nailing Down, and Interment at a Crossroad |
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456 | (3) |
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Vampires in the Middle Ages? The Cremation of Revenants |
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459 | (5) |
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Obol and Payment of the Dead: Funerary Objects as a One-Way Ticket to the Afterlife? |
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464 | (5) |
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The Corpse Besieged by Demons |
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469 | (3) |
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472 | (3) |
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475 | (4) |
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Chapter VIII The Destruction And Desecration Of Corpses |
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479 | (134) |
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Deviation from the Funerary Ritual as Punishment and Exclusion |
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481 | (3) |
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Denial of Burial in Sacred Ground |
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484 | (4) |
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On Children Under the Church's Eaves and Pilgrimage Sites: The Unbaptized Dead and Children According to Archaeological Data |
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488 | (10) |
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Suicide and the Corpses of Suicide Victims |
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498 | (3) |
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Excommunicated Corpses and Death Under the Interdict |
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501 | (2) |
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The Example of Emperor Henry IV |
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503 | (4) |
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A Few Years of Eternity, or Was There a Permanent Exclusion of Those Who Had Been Excommunicated |
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507 | (4) |
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The Last of the Hohenstaufen and Their Excommunication: Conrad IV, Manfred of Sicily, and Conradin the Younger |
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511 | (4) |
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The High Medieval Debate on the Punishment of Corpses |
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515 | (3) |
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Exhumation as a Weapon in the Fight Against the Cathars |
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518 | (2) |
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The Growing Concern with the Moral Integrity of the Dead: Individuals Responsible for Church Desecration, Those Who Rejected Confession, and Those Dead Who Had Died without Their Guilt Having Been Forgiven and Atoned |
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520 | (4) |
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In the Case of Doubt Against the Dead: The Liturgists' Fear of the Unknown and the Foreign |
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524 | (2) |
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Death with the Lance in Hand: The Burial of Those Who Had Died in a Tournament |
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526 | (5) |
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The Burial of the Executed |
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531 | (10) |
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Being a Warrior and a Christian: The Exclusion from Burial in Light of Discourse Theory |
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541 | (2) |
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543 | (1) |
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The Case of Pope Formosus |
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544 | (4) |
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Corpse Desecration as a Punishment |
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548 | (9) |
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The Ruler's Corpse and the Use of Scalps: Corpse Desecration as a Sign of Physical Superiority |
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557 | (1) |
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Burning and Physical Annihilation |
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558 | (1) |
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559 | (10) |
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Death by Fire in the Early Middle Ages: Arsonists, Sodomites, Poisoners, Magicians, and Unusual Women |
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569 | (6) |
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The Burning of Heretics and Witches in the High and Late Middle Ages |
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575 | (17) |
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The Destruction of Corpses in the Early Modern Time |
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592 | (2) |
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594 | (3) |
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Burial in Simple Clothing |
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597 | (1) |
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598 | (2) |
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Paradise and the Naked Earth: The Burial Site as a Sign of Christian Humility |
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600 | (5) |
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The Penitent Approaching the Day of Judgment: Pippin the Short and Prone Burial |
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605 | (2) |
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Humility of the Medieval Corpse |
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607 | (2) |
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609 | (4) |
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Chapter IX The Corpse As Medicine And Miracle Cure |
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613 | (22) |
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The Corpse as Royal Blessing? |
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614 | (1) |
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The Corpse as a Medium to Create Miracles and Magic |
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615 | (2) |
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Charges Against Heretics, Witches, and Jews: Ritual Murder and Mirroring the Eucharist |
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617 | (2) |
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The Corpses of Executed People as Medicine |
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619 | (1) |
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"Mumia vera"--Mummies as a Medical Drug |
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620 | (10) |
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Building Sacrifice and the Corpse as a Weapon |
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630 | (3) |
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633 | (2) |
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Chapter X Heart, Head, And Hand--The Body Parts Of Corpses From An Anthropological And Anatomical Perspective |
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635 | (22) |
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The Practice of Multiple Burials in the High and Late Middle Ages |
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636 | (3) |
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639 | (4) |
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643 | (8) |
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651 | (3) |
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654 | (3) |
| Epilogue |
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657 | (4) |
| Bibliography |
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661 | (1) |
| List of Abbreviations |
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661 | (2) |
| Sources |
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663 | (24) |
| Research Literature |
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687 | (58) |
| Indices |
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745 | (1) |
| Index of Bible passages |
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745 | (2) |
| Index of Names |
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747 | (21) |
| Index of Places |
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768 | |
