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E-grāmata: Cosmology for Physicists

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(Lancaster University, United Kingdom)
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Cosmology for PhysicistsPalielināt
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Written by an award-winning cosmologist, this brand new textbook provides advanced undergraduate and graduate students with coverage of the very latest developments in the observational science of cosmology. The book is separated into three parts; part I covers particle physics and general relativity, part II explores an account of the known history of the universe, and part III studies inflation. Full treatment of the origin of structure, scalar fields, the cosmic microwave background and the early universe are provided.

Problems are included in the book with solutions provided in a separate solutions manual. More advanced extension material is offered in the Appendix, ensuring the book is fully accessible to students with a wide variety of background experience.

Features:





Incorporates the latest experimental results, at a time of rapid change in the field Explores the origin of structure and the Cosmic Microwave Background Includes an extensive number of problems and a corresponding solutions manual

Recenzijas

"Exploring modern cosmology in depth, from its most basic ideas right up to discussions on cutting-edge research on topics such as inflationary cosmology, Cosmology for Physicists explains the most complex concepts, for example that of the delta N formalism based on the Separate Universe Assumption, in a simple and understandable manner. This text book is an unprecedented attempt to clearly explain fast-evolving topics in cosmology and is written by one of the most famous cosmologists in the world." Dr. Kazunori Kohri, Associate Professor, KEK, Japan

Preface xi
Section I Physics
Chapter 1 Particle physics
3(8)
1.1 Special Relativity
3(1)
1.2 Standard Model
4(2)
1.3 Collision And Decay Processes
6(1)
1.4 Conserved Quantities
6(2)
1.5 Natural Units
8(1)
1.6 Neutrino Masses
8(1)
1.7 Neutrinos At Rest
9(2)
Chapter 2 Curved Spacetime
11(10)
2.1 Spacetime Metric
11(1)
2.2 Four-Vectors And Tensors
12(1)
2.3 Covariant Derivative And D'Alembertian
13(2)
2.4 Equivalence Principle
15(1)
2.5 Curvature Tensor
16(1)
2.6 Geodesics
17(4)
Chapter 3 General Relativity
21(12)
3.1 Energy-Momentum Tensor
21(2)
3.2 Einstein Field Equation
23(1)
3.3 Schwarzschild Metric And Black Holes
23(2)
3.4 Weak Gravity
25(1)
3.5 Newtonian Gravity
26(1)
3.6 Gravitational Waves
27(6)
Section II The Big Bang
Chapter 4 The Present Universe
33(8)
4.1 Stars And Galaxies
33(3)
4.2 Particles In The Universe
36(5)
Chapter 5 A First Look At The History
41(8)
5.1 The Big Bang And Inflation
41(1)
5.2 Expansion Of The Universe
42(1)
5.3 Collision And Decay Processes
43(1)
5.4 The First Minute
44(1)
5.5 Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN)
44(1)
5.6 Last Scattering And Galaxy Formation
45(4)
Chapter 6 Energy Density Of The Universe
49(6)
6.1 The Cosmological Redshift
49(3)
6.2 Matter And Radiation
52(1)
6.3 The Cosmological Constant
53(2)
Chapter 7 Thermal Equilibrium
55(10)
7.1 Distribution Functions
55(2)
7.2 Generalised Blackbody Distributions
57(1)
7.3 Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution
58(1)
7.4 Initial Thermal Equilibrium
58(1)
7.5 Electron-Positron Annihilation
59(1)
7.6 Epoch Of Last Scattering
60(2)
7.7 Cosmic Neutrino Background
62(3)
Chapter 8 Friedmann Equation
65(6)
8.1 Friedmann Equation
65(1)
8.2 Evolution Of The Scale Factor
66(2)
8.3 Distance to the Horizon
68(3)
Chapter 9 The Geometry of the Universe
71(6)
9.1 Spatial Metric
71(1)
9.2 Homogeneous and Isotropic Metric
72(1)
9.3 Closed Geometry
73(1)
9.4 Open Geometry
74(3)
Chapter 10 Newtonian Perturbations
77(8)
10.1 Unperturbed Universe
77(1)
10.2 Total Density Perturbation
78(3)
10.3 Baryons And Cdm
81(4)
Chapter 11 Relativistic Perturbations
85(10)
11.1 Defining The Perturbations
85(2)
11.2 Statistical Properties
87(3)
11.3 Smoothing
90(1)
11.4 Primordial Curvature Perturbation
91(4)
Chapter 12 Scalar Perturbations
95(6)
12.1 Tensor, Vector And Scalar Modes
95(1)
12.2 Scalar Perturbations
95(1)
12.3 Evolution Of The Scalar Perturbations
96(2)
12.4 Initial Condition
98(3)
Chapter 13 Baryon Acoustic Oscillation
101(6)
13.1 Growth, Oscillation And Decay
101(1)
13.2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillation
102(5)
Chapter 14 CMB Anisotropy
107(10)
14.1 CMB Temperature
107(1)
14.2 CMB Multipoles
108(2)
14.3 Polarization
110(1)
14.4 What The Spectra Tell Us
111(6)
Chapter 15 Galaxy Formation
117(8)
15.1 Matter Transfer Function
117(1)
15.2 Formation Of Cdm Halos
118(2)
15.3 Formation Of Galaxies And Clusters
120(5)
Section III Inflation
Chapter 16 Scalar Fields: Classical Theory
125(8)
16.1 Action Principle
125(2)
16.2 Scalar Field
127(3)
16.3 Action In Curved Spacetime
130(3)
Chapter 17 Quantum Theory Of A Free Field
133(6)
17.1 Harmonic Oscillator
133(2)
17.2 Free Scalar Field
135(1)
17.3 Particles
136(1)
17.4 Vacuum State
136(1)
17.5 Planck Scale
137(2)
Chapter 18 Inflation
139(6)
18.1 Two Stages Of Inflation
139(1)
18.2 Amount Of Observable Inflation
140(1)
18.3 Slow-Roll Inflation
141(1)
18.4 Dark Energy
142(3)
Chapter 19 Perturbations From Inflation
145(6)
19.1 Generating The Inflaton Perturbation
145(2)
19.2 Generating ζ
147(2)
19.3 Generating Gravitational Waves
149(1)
19.4 Constraining The Inflaton Potential
149(2)
Chapter 20 Prehistory Of The Big Bang
151(6)
20.1 Prehistory With The Standard Model
151(1)
20.2 Creating The CDM
152(2)
20.3 Gut Cosmic Strings
154(1)
20.4 What Might Future Observations Find?
155(2)
Appendix A "Appendix
157(8)
A.1 Special Functions
157(1)
A.2 Cosmological Perturbations
158(2)
A.3 Constants, Parameters And Symbols
160(5)
Index 165
David Lyth is an Emeritus Professor of Physics at Lancaster University. He has made several key advances in cosmology, and received the Hoyle medal and prize from the Institute of Physics in 2012. He has written three academic physics books.



David Lyth has been responsible for many of the key advances in the theory of inflation, and has devised many of the analytical tools that are now widely used by the theoretical cosmology community. His work is always characterised by an incisive clarity. Although mathematically sophisticated, it always maintains contact with observation. The methods he developed have become the standard language for those who compare observational data obtained by the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) with the predictions of inflationary theory. While much work on inflation has been purely phenomenological, Lyth has linked cosmology with fundamental physics, particularly extensions of the Standard Model.



In 2000, together with Andrew Liddle, he published a textbook on cosmological inflation and large-scale structure that has become the standard reference and an essential resource for everyone in the field. They followed this up in 2009 with the first graduatelevel textbook devoted specifically to the primordial density perturbation. Both books exemplify David's dedication to accurate scholarship and his ability to make complex concepts accessible.
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām
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