Contributors |
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ix | |
Perspectives and Foreword |
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xi | |
Foreword |
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xiii | |
Preface |
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xv | |
Abbreviations |
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xvii | |
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1 An introduction to cost-effective technologies for solid waste and wastewater treatment |
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Suja Purushothaman Devipriya |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Emerging technologies in solid waste management |
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2 | (2) |
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1.3 Emerging technologies in wastewater management |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (3) |
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2 Bioaugmentation and hiostimulation of dumpsites for plastic degradation |
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9 | (1) |
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2.2 Microorganisms degrading synthetic polymers |
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10 | (5) |
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2.3 Bioaugmentation and hiostimulation |
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15 | (1) |
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2.4 Bioaugmentation and hiostimulation approaches in the dumpsite/landfill |
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15 | (4) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (5) |
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3 Bioremediation approach for treatment of soil contaminated with radiocesium |
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25 | (1) |
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3.2 Deposition of radiocesium |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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3.4 Radiocesium incorporation in the biogeochemical cycle |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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3.6 Microbial remediation of cesium |
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28 | (5) |
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3.7 Remobilization of cesium due to microbial activity |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (5) |
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4 Management of biodegradable waste through the production of single-cell protein |
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39 | (1) |
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4.2 Biodegradable wastes and environmental hazards |
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40 | (1) |
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4.3 Recycling methods for biodegradable wastes |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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4.5 Biodegradable waste into value-added products |
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43 | (3) |
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4.6 Applications of single-cell protein |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (4) |
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5 Application of plant-based natural coagulants in water treatment |
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Suja Purushothaman Devipriya |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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5.5 Other plant coagulants |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (2) |
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6 Recent applications of downflow hanging sponge technology for decentralized wastewater treatment |
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59 | (1) |
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6.2 Sanitation and hygiene in decentralized communities |
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60 | (1) |
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6.3 Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) in SCOPUS database (1997-2020) |
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60 | (3) |
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6.4 Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) concept and configuration |
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63 | (1) |
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6.5 Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) generations |
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63 | (1) |
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6.6 Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) advantages |
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64 | (1) |
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6.7 Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) challenges for future researches |
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64 | (1) |
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6.8 Conclusions and recommendations |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (4) |
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7 Assessment of biochar application in decontamination of water and wastewater |
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69 | (1) |
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7.2 Biochar production and properties |
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70 | (1) |
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7.3 Factors influencing quality of biochar |
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70 | (1) |
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7.4 Environmental application of biochar |
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71 | (1) |
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7.5 Removal of organic pollutants |
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71 | (1) |
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7.6 Removal of heavy metals |
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72 | (1) |
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7.7 Challenges of biochar application in water and wastewater treatment |
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72 | (1) |
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7.8 Conclusions and recommendations |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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8 In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) remediation: A focus on activated persulfate oxidation of pesticide-contaminated soil and groundwater |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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8.4 Mechanism of generation of sulfate radicals |
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77 | (1) |
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8.5 Activation of persulfate |
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78 | (2) |
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8.6 Pesticides in soil and groundwater |
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80 | (1) |
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8.7 Investigation on iron-activated persulfate oxidation of Aldrin |
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80 | (1) |
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8.8 Influence of Fe2+ on Aldrin degradation |
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81 | (1) |
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8.9 Challenges and opportunities in field applications |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (3) |
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9 Composting of food waste: A novel approach |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (4) |
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9.3 Results and discussion |
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93 | (4) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (3) |
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10 Biological pretreatment for enhancement of biogas production |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (2) |
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10.3 Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass |
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105 | (1) |
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10.4 Microbial degradation of lignocellulosic biomass |
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106 | (3) |
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10.5 Microbial enhancement of biogas |
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109 | (1) |
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10.6 Future scope of research |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (5) |
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11 Recent trends in bioremediation of pollutants by enzymatic approaches |
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115 | (2) |
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11.2 Microbial oxidoreductases |
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117 | (1) |
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11.3 Microbial oxygenases |
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118 | (1) |
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11.4 Microbial peroxidases |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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11.7 Bioremediation of toxic compounds by enzymatic methods |
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121 | (2) |
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11.8 Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) |
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123 | (1) |
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11.9 Hydrolytic enzymes for bioremediation |
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124 | (2) |
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11.10 Advantages of enzymes over microorganisms and plants |
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126 | (1) |
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11.11 Limitations to enzyme-mediated bioremediation strategies |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (6) |
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12 Phytoremediation of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons using Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers |
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135 | (1) |
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12.2 Materials and methods |
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136 | (2) |
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12.3 Results and discussion |
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138 | (5) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (3) |
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13 Proteobacteria response to heavy metal pollution stress and their bioremediation potential |
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147 | (2) |
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13.2 Materials and methods |
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149 | (3) |
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152 | (3) |
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155 | (2) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (4) |
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14 Treatment of harvested rainwater and reuse: Practices, prospects, and challenges |
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161 | (1) |
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14.2 History of rainwater harvesting |
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162 | (1) |
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14.3 Aims/needs of rainwater harvesting |
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163 | (1) |
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14.4 Principle and components |
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163 | (1) |
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14.5 Classification of RWH systems |
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164 | (1) |
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14.6 Quality assessment of harvested rainwater |
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165 | (5) |
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170 | (2) |
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14.8 Benefits and applications of RWH |
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172 | (1) |
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14.9 Recommendations to encourage RWH |
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172 | (3) |
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14.10 Conclusion & future prospects |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (3) |
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15 Phytoremediation: A wonderful cost-effective tool |
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179 | (2) |
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15.2 Soil contamination and remediation technologies |
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181 | (6) |
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15.3 Types of phytoremediation |
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187 | (4) |
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15.4 Mechanism of phytoremediation |
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191 | (1) |
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15.5 Factors affecting uptake mechanisms of contaminants |
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192 | (2) |
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15.6 Quantification of phytoremediation efficiency |
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194 | (6) |
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15.7 Advantages, limitation, avid future perspective of phytoremediation |
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200 | (2) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (6) |
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16 Vermicomposting: An efficient technology for the stabilization and bioremediation of pulp and paper mill sludge |
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Thyagarajan Lakshmi Priya |
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209 | (1) |
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16.2 Advantages of vermicomposting technology |
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210 | (1) |
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16.3 Physicochemical characteristics of vermicompost at different materials mixed with pulp and paper mill sludge |
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210 | (5) |
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215 | (1) |
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215 | (4) |
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17 Potential of solid waste prevention and minimization strategies |
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219 | (1) |
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17.2 Solid waste and solid waste management (SWM) |
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220 | (1) |
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17.3 Hierarchy in waste management |
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221 | (1) |
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17.4 Integrated solid waste management (ISWM) |
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222 | (1) |
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17.5 Waste minimization and its strategy |
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223 | (1) |
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17.6 Resource and energy recovery |
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223 | (3) |
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17.7 Solid waste reduction benefits |
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226 | (1) |
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17.8 Guidelines for waste management |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (2) |
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18 Nanoremediation of pollutants: A conspectus of heavy metals degradation by nanomaterials |
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229 | (1) |
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18.2 Toxicity and environmental impacts of heavy metals |
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230 | (1) |
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18.3 Heavy metals degradation by nanomaterials |
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230 | (5) |
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18.4 Mechanisms of heavy metals degradation by nanomaterials |
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235 | (1) |
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18.5 Toxicity and limitations of nanomaterials |
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235 | (1) |
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18.6 Biosafety assessment |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (6) |
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19 Excess fluoride issues and mitigation using low-cost techniques from groundwater: A review |
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Adane Woldemedhin Kalsido |
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242 | (1) |
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19.2 Materials and methods |
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242 | (1) |
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19.3 Chemistry of fluorine |
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243 | (1) |
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19.4 Production of fluorine |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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19.6 Fluoride health effects on humans |
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244 | (2) |
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19.7 Defluorination methods |
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246 | (1) |
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19.8 Coagulation-precipitation method |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (2) |
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19.10 Ion-exchange process |
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249 | (1) |
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19.11 Electrocoagulation process |
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249 | (1) |
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19.12 Adsorption techniques |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (2) |
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19.14 Review of literature on both modified and unmodified bentonite clay for fluoride removal |
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252 | (3) |
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19.15 Apatite materials: HAP |
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255 | (3) |
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19.16 Diatomaceous earth materials |
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258 | (3) |
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19.17 Conclusions and future research areas |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (5) |
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20 Cost-effective biogenic-production of inorganic nanoparticles, characterizations, and their antimicrobial properties |
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266 | (1) |
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20.2 Various methods for nanomaterial synthesis |
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266 | (2) |
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20.3 Classification of NPs |
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268 | (1) |
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20.4 Green synthesis approach for inorganic nanoparticles |
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268 | (10) |
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20.5 Characterization of nanoparticles |
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278 | (3) |
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20.6 Antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized nanometal oxide particles |
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281 | (3) |
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20.7 Future directions and conclusions |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (5) |
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290 | (1) |
Index |
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291 | |