Handbook of Solvents, Fourth Edition, Volume Two begins with a discussion of solvents used in over 30 industries which are the main consumers of solvents. The analysis is conducted based on the available data and contains information on the types (and frequently amounts) of solvents used and potential problems and solutions. Picking up where Handbook of Solvents, Volume One leaves off, this book provides information on the methods of analysis of solvents and materials containing solvents, with two sections containing standard and special methods of solvent analysis that are followed by a discussion of residual solvents left in final products. The environmental impact of solvents, such as their fate and movement in the water, soil, and air, fate-based management of solvent-containing wastes, and ecotoxicological effects are discussed as are solvents impact on tropospheric air pollution. The next two chapters are devoted to the toxicology of solvents and regulations aiming to keep solvent toxicity under control. The analysis of the concentration of solvents in more than 15 industries, specific issues related to the paint industry, and characteristics of the environment in automotive collision repair shops are followed by a thorough discussion of regulations in the USA and Europe.
Introduction
Accelerators
Acid scavengers
Adhesion promoters
Air-release agents
Antiblocking additives
Anticaking agents
Anticratering additives
Antidegradants
Antifriction additives
Antifoaming agents
Antifogging agents
Antifreezing additives
Antigassing additives
Antigelling additives
Antisettling additives
Antistatics
Antitack additives
Biocides
Catalysts
Carbon black
Clarifying agents
Coalescents
Compatibilizers
Crosslinkers
Curatives
Defoaming agents
Dispersing agents
Factice
Fillers
General purpose 2D Conductive Dielectric EMI shielding Fibers High density Insulating Magnetic Magnetodielectric Microwave absorption Nanoparticles Osteoconductive Piezoelectric Reinforcement Superlight
Flame retardants
Flattening additives
FlexibilizersFoaming and blowing agents
Gloss enhancing additives
HDT/Vicat enhancers
Hydrolysis stabilizers
Impact modifier
sInsect repellents
Moisture scavengers
Nucleating agents
Optical brightenersp
H modifiers
Pigments
Plasticizers
Polymerization initiators/inhibition catalysts
Preservatives
Processing aids
Release additives
Rheological additives Antisag agents Inorganic thickeners Melt flow modifiers Lubricants Organic thickeners
Scratch and mar improvement additives
Slip additives
Solvents
Stabilizers Antioxidants Chelating agents (metal deactivators) HALS Phosphites Thermal stabilizers Acid scavengers Antiozonants Epoxidized compounds Multiketones Quenchers UV absorbersTackifiersVulcanizing agentsWater-repelling agentsWetting agents
Anna Wypych studied chemical engineering and polymer chemistry and obtained an M.Sc in chemical engineering. Her professional expertise includes both teaching and research & development. She specializes in polymer additives for PVC and other polymers, and evaluates their effect on health and environment. George Wypych has a Ph.D. in chemical engineering. His professional expertise includes both university teaching (full professor) and research and development. He has published 18 books, 47 scientific papers, and he has obtained 16 patents. He specializes in polymer additives, polymer processing and formulation, material durability and the development of sealants and coatings.
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