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E-grāmata: Delay-Doppler Communications: Principles and Applications

, (PhD Student, Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, ), (Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-Feb-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780323859660
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  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-Feb-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780323859660

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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been the waveform of choice for most wireless communications systems in the past 25 years. This book addresses the “what comes next? question by presenting the recently proposed waveform known as Orthogonal Time-Frequency-Space (OTFS), which offers a better alternative for high-mobility environments.

The OTFS waveform is based on the idea that the mobile wireless channels can be effectively modelled in the delay-Doppler domain. This domain provides a sparse representation closely resembling the physical geometry of the wireless channel. The key physical parameters such as relative velocity and distance of the reflectors with respect to the receiver can be considered roughly invariant in the duration of a frame up to a few milliseconds. This enables the information symbols encoded in the delay-Doppler domain to experience a flat fading channel even when they are affected by multiple Doppler shifts present in high-mobility environments.

Delay-Doppler Communications: Principles and Applications covers the fundamental concepts and the underlying principles of delay-Doppler communications. Readers familiar with OFDM will be able to quickly understand the key differences in delay-Doppler domain waveforms that can overcome some of the challenges of high-mobility communications. For the broader readership with a basic knowledge of wireless communications principles, the book provides sufficient background to be self-contained. The book provides a general overview of future research directions and discusses a range of applications of delay-Doppler domain signal processing.

With this book, the reader will be able to:

  • Recognize the challenges of high-mobility channels affected by both multipath and multiple Doppler shifts in physical layer waveform design and performance;
  • Understand the limitations of current multicarrier techniques such as OFDM in high-mobility channels;
  • Recognize the mathematical and physical relations between the different domains for representing channels and waveforms: time-frequency, time-delay, delay-Doppler;
  • Understand the operation of the key blocks of a delay-Doppler modulator and demodulator both analytically and by hands-on MATLAB examples;
  • Master the special features and advantages of OTFS with regard to detection, channel estimation, MIMO, and multiuser MIMO;
  • Realize the importance of delay-Doppler communications for current and future applications, e.g., 6G and beyond.
  • This is the first book on delay-Doppler communications.
  • It is written by three of the leading authorities in the field.
  • It includes a wide range of applications.

Recenzijas

"The book is written in a very clear style, and allows somebody not familiar with OTFS to quickly understand the essentials of this exciting new topic. Even active researchers in the field will appreciate the clear and consistent description and the extensive intuitive explanations of the finer points of OTFS. The authors have done an excellent job in focusing on the key formulations and their interpretations, and making the book concise (some 250 pages), while also providing extensive references that enable looking up specialized developments. This valuable book will certainly benefit anyone working in the vibrant area of waveform design for 6G." --Andreas F. Molisch

List of figures
xiii
Biography xvii
Preface xix
1 Introduction
1.1 High-mobility wireless channels
2(1)
1.2 Waveforms for high-mobility wireless channels
3(8)
1.3 Bibliographical notes
11(3)
References
11(3)
2 High-mobility wireless channels
2.1 Input-output model of the wireless channel
14(6)
2.1.1 Geometric model
14(3)
2.1.2 Delay-Doppler representation
17(3)
2.2 Continuous-time baseband channel model
20(2)
2.3 Discrete-time baseband channel model
22(1)
2.4 Relation among different channel representations
23(3)
2.5 Channel models for numerical simulations
26(1)
2.5.1 Standard wireless mobile multipath propagation scenarios
26(1)
2.5.2 Synthetic propagation scenario
27(1)
2.6 Bibliographical notes
27(3)
References
27(3)
3 OFDM review and its limitations
3.1 Introduction
30(1)
3.2 OFDM system model
30(8)
3.2.1 Generalized multicarrier modulation
31(4)
3.2.2 OFDM transmitter
35(3)
3.3 OFDM frequency domain input-output relation
38(2)
3.4 Advantages and disadvantages of OFDM
40(3)
3.4.1 High PAPR
40(2)
3.4.2 HighOOB
42(1)
3.4.3 Sensitivity to CFO
42(1)
3.5 OFDM in high-mobility multipath channels
43(1)
3.6 Bibliographical notes
44(5)
References
44(5)
4 Delay-Doppler modulation
4.1 System model
49(5)
4.1.1 Parameter choice for OTFS systems
50(1)
4.1.2 OTFS modulation
50(2)
4.1.3 High-mobility channel distortion
52(1)
4.1.4 OTFS demodulation
53(1)
4.2 OTFS input-output relation with ideal waveforms
54(3)
4.2.1 Time-frequency domain analysis
55(1)
4.2.2 Delay-Doppler domain analysis
55(2)
4.3 Matrix formulation for OTFS
57(4)
4.3.1 OTFS modulation
57(1)
4.3.2 OTFS modulation via the IDZT
58(1)
4.3.3 OTFS demodulation
59(1)
4.3.4 OTFS demodulation via the DZT
60(1)
4.4 OTFS input-output relations in vectorized form
61(9)
4.4.1 Time domain input-output relation
63(1)
4.4.2 Time-frequency input-output relation
64(3)
4.4.3 Delay-time input-output relation
67(2)
4.4.4 Delay-Doppler input-output relation
69(1)
4.5 Variants of OTFS
70(15)
4.5.1 Reduced ZP OTFS
71(6)
4.5.2 Reduced CP-OTFS
77(2)
4.5.3 CP-OTFS
79(4)
4.5.4 ZP-OTFS
83(2)
4.6 Summary of channel representations and input-output relations for OTFS variants
85(5)
4.6.1 Channel representations for OTFS variants
85(2)
4.6.2 Delay-Doppler input-output relations for OTFS variants
87(2)
4.6.3 Comparison of OTFS variants
89(1)
4.7 Bibliographical notes
90(4)
References
90(4)
5 Zak transform analysis for delay-Doppler communications
5.1 A brief review of the different Fourier transforms
94(2)
5.2 The Zak transform
96(4)
5.2.1 Properties of the Zak transform
97(2)
5.2.2 The inverse Zak transform
99(1)
5.3 The delay-Doppler basis functions
100(2)
5.4 Zak transform in delay-Doppler communications
102(10)
5.4.1 Single path delay-Doppler channel
102(1)
5.4.2 Multipath and general delay-Doppler channel
102(2)
5.4.3 Band-and time-limited delay-Doppler basis functions
104(5)
5.4.4 Communications using band- and time-limited signals
109(3)
5.5 The discrete Zak transform
112(2)
5.5.1 The inverse discrete Zak transform
113(1)
5.5.2 Properties of the DZT
113(1)
5.6 DZT in delay-Doppler communications
114(7)
5.6.1 Receiver sampling
114(1)
5.6.2 Time-windowing at RX and TX
115(2)
5.6.3 RCP-OTFS with rectangular Tx and Rx window
117(2)
5.6.4 RZP-OTFS with rectangular Tx and Rx window
119(2)
5.7 Bibliographical notes
121(3)
References
121(3)
6 Detection methods
6.1 Overview of OTFS input-output relation
124(1)
6.2 Single-tap frequency domain equalizer
125(4)
6.2.1 Single-tap equalizer for RCP-OTFS
126(1)
6.2.2 Block-wise single-tap equalizer for CP-OTFS
127(1)
6.2.3 Complexity
128(1)
6.3 Linear minimum mean-square error detection
129(1)
6.3.1 Delay-Doppler domain LMMSE detection
129(1)
6.3.2 Time domain LMMSE detection
129(1)
6.3.3 Complexity
130(1)
6.4 Message passing detection
130(4)
6.4.1 Message passing detection algorithm
130(4)
6.4.2 Complexity
134(1)
6.5 Maximum-ratio combining detection
134(10)
6.5.1 Delay-Doppler domain MRC detection
135(2)
6.5.2 Complexity
137(1)
6.5.3 Reduced complexity delay-time domain implementation
138(2)
6.5.4 Complexity
140(1)
6.5.5 Low complexity initial estimate
141(2)
6.5.6 MRC detection for other OTFS variants
143(1)
6.6 Iterative rake turbo decoder
144(2)
6.7 Illustrative results and discussion
146(3)
6.8 Bibliographical notes
149(5)
References
150(4)
7 Channel estimation methods
7.1 Introduction
154(1)
7.2 Embedded pilot delay-Doppler channel estimation
155(6)
7.2.1 The integer Doppler case
155(3)
7.2.2 The fractional Doppler case
158(2)
7.2.3 Effect of channel estimation on spectral eTficiency
160(1)
7.3 Embedded pilot-aided delay-time domain channel estimation
161(6)
7.3.1 Pilot placement
162(1)
7.3.2 Delay-time channel estimation
163(3)
7.3.3 Channel estimation complexity
166(1)
7.3.4 Extension to other OTFS variants
167(1)
7.4 Real-time OTFS software-defined radio implementation
167(6)
7.4.1 Effect of DC offset on channel estimation
169(1)
7.4.2 Effect of carrier frequency offset on channel estimation
169(1)
7.4.3 Experiment setup, results, and discussion
170(3)
7.5 Bibliographical notes
173(5)
References
173(5)
8 MIMO and multiuser OTFS
8.1 Introduction
178(1)
8.2 System model for MIMO-OTFS
178(6)
8.2.1 Transmitter and receiver
178(1)
8.2.2 Channel
179(1)
8.2.3 Input-output relation for MIMO-OTFS
180(4)
8.3 Detection methods
184(5)
8.3.1 Linear minimum mean-square error detector
184(1)
8.3.2 Message passing detector
185(1)
8.3.3 Maximum-ratio combining detector
185(4)
8.4 MIMO-OTFS channel estimation
189(3)
8.5 Multiuser OTFS channel estimation
192(3)
8.6 Numerical results and discussion
195(3)
8.7 Bibliographical notes
198(4)
References
199(3)
9 Conclusions and future directions
9.1 OTFS key advantages
202(2)
9.2 Pros and cons of OTFS variants
204(1)
9.3 Other research directions
204(15)
9.3.1 Channel estimation and PAPR reduction
205(1)
9.3.2 Channels with fast time-varying delay-Doppler paths
206(1)
9.3.3 Multiuser communications
206(1)
9.3.4 Massive MIMO-OTFS
207(1)
9.3.5 OTFS for RadCom
208(1)
9.3.6 Orthogonal time sequency multiplexing and precoding design
208(1)
9.3.7 Machine learning for OTFS
209(1)
References
210(9)
A Notation and acronyms
B Some useful matrix properties
B.1 The DFT matrix
219(1)
B.2 Permutation matrices
219(1)
B.3 Circulant matrices
220(1)
B.4 Linear and circular convolutions
220(1)
B.5 2D transforms, doubly circulant block matrices, and 2D circular convolution
221(2)
C Some MATLAB® code and examples
C.1 Transmitter
223(2)
C.2 Channel
225(2)
C.3 Receiver
227(2)
C.4 Generate G matrix and received signal for OTFS variants
229(4)
Index 233
Dr. Yi Hong is an Associate Professor at the Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Australia. She obtained her PhD in Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications from the University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, and received the NICTA-ACoRN Earlier Career Researcher Award at the 2007 Australian Communication Theory Workshop, Adelaide. Yi Hong served as a member of the Australian Research Council College of Experts in 20182020. She was an Associate Editor for 'IEEE Wireless Communication Letters' and 'Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies (ETT)'. She was the Tutorial Chair of the 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, held in Melbourne, and the General Co-Chair of the 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshop on Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation (OTFS) for 6G and Future High-mobility Communications, held in Montreal. She was the General Co-Chair of the 2014 IEEE Information Theory Workshop, held in Hobart; the Technical Program Committee Chair of the 2011 Australian Communications Theory Workshop, held in Melbourne; the Publicity Chair at the 2009 IEEE Information Theory Workshop, held in Sicily. Her research interests include communication theory, coding, and information theory with applications to telecommunication engineering. Mr.TharajThajobtained hisB.Tech. degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering at the National Institute of Technology, Calicut, India, in 2012 andhisM.Tech. degree in Telecommunication Systems Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, in 2015. He is currently pursuing a PhD with the Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Australia. From 2012 to 2013, he workedat Verizon Data Services India as a Software Engineer, focusing on network layer routing algorithms and protocols. From 2015to2017, he worked as a Senior Engineer in the Communication, Navigation, and Surveillance (CNS) Department of Honeywell Technology Solutions Lab in Bengaluru. His current research interests include physical layer design and implementation of wireless communication systems for next-generation wireless networks. Dr. Emanuele Viterbo is a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering at Monash University, Australia. He served as Head of Department and Associate Dean Graduate Research in the Faculty of Engineering at Monash University. Prof. Viterbo obtained his degree and a PhD in Electrical Engineering, both from thePolitecnicodi Torino, Turin, Italy. From 1990 to 1992, he workedatthe European Patent Office, The Hague, The Netherlands, as a patent examiner in the field of dynamic recording and error-control coding. Between 1995 and 1997, he held a post-doctoral position atPolitecnicodi Torino. In 19971998, he was a post-doctoral research fellow in the Information Sciences Research Center of AT&T Research, Florham Park, NJ, USA. He later joinedDipartimentodi Elettronica atPolitecnicodi Torino. From 2006 to August2010, he was a Full Professor in DEIS at the University of Calabria, Italy. In September 2010, he joined the ECSE Department at Monash University as aProfessor, where he is continuing his research. Prof. Viterbo is a Fellow of the IEEE, an ISI Highly Cited Researcher,andaMember of the Board of Governors of the IEEE Information Theory Society (20112013and 20142016). He served as an Associate Editor of 'IEEE Transactions on Information Theory','European Transactions on Telecommunications',andthe'Journal of Communications and Networks'. His main research interests are in lattice codes for Gaussian and fading channels, algebraic coding theory, algebraic space-time coding, digital terrestrial television broadcasting, and digital magnetic recording.