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E-grāmata: Democratization from Above: The Logic of Local Democracy in the Developing World

(University of British Columbia, Vancouver)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-Jan-2016
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781316461563
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  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 11-Jan-2016
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781316461563

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Democratization from Above seeks to explain why some national and state governments in the developing world introduce reforms to make local governance more democratic while others neglect or actively undermine democracy at local levels of government. The study challenges conventional wisdom that local democratization is implemented as a means of granting more autonomy to local actors. Instead, Anjali Thomas Bohlken argues that local democratization offers higher level government elites who lack control over party organizational networks an alternative means of increasing the effectiveness of local intermediaries on whom these elites rely to mobilize political support. The book starts with a focus on India and uses original data, and a combination of qualitative and quantitative evidence, to show support for the argument. The study then relies on an original cross-national dataset to show how the argument helps explain the variation in the implementation of local democratization reforms across the developing world.

Recenzijas

'The logic of politics trumps economic advantages in explaining when and how democracy arises at the local level. Scholars and policymakers interested in decentralization reforms and deepening democracy would do well to heed the motivations driving national leaders that Bohlken demonstrates with the help of careful research.' Anirudh Krishna, Duke University, North Carolina 'Democratization from Above represents a significant advance in our understanding of local democratization and democratic reversals. In tackling the question of why some government elite pursue and support local-level democratization while others neglect or actively undermine local democracy, Bohlken manages to both advance political science theory and also shed new light on puzzles specific to India. In doing so she convincingly demonstrates that local democracy cannot be understood as simply a by-product of national democracy.' Allen Hicken, University of Michigan 'For billions of people around the world, local governments are far more relevant to their daily lives than their national leaders. But the design of these local governments varies considerably with meaningful consequences for citizens. Combining original cross-national data and detailed country-level case studies, Bohlken explains how democracy can be deepened and why such reforms matter for national politics.' Irfan Nooruddin, Al Thani Chair in Indian Politics and Professor in the School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, and author of Elections in Hard Times (Cambridge, 2016) 'All in all, this is an excellent book that is built on innovative arguments, original and rich empirical data, and skilful analysis. It provides a new angle to understand the workings of local democratization in the developing world and rich evidence to change our existing perception of local democratization. Overall, the book will be of special interest to scholars and policymakers who are interested in local governance reforms in the developing world. In addition, the book's mixed-method approach and skilful analysis of data at multiple levels makes it a useful example for those whose research inquiry requires a rich blend of qualitative and quantitative data at different levels.' Ting Luo, Democratization

Papildus informācija

The book explains why some national and state governments in the developing world introduce reforms to make local governance more democratic while others do not.
List of Figures
x
List of Tables
xii
Acknowledgments xv
1 The Puzzle of "Democratization from Above"
1(24)
1.1 Definition of Local Democratization
4(1)
1.2 Common View 1: Local Democratization as an Extension of National Democratization
5(6)
1.3 Common View 2: Local Democratization as a Form of Decentralization
11(5)
1.4 The Logic of Local Democratization -- A Sketch of the Argument
16(3)
1.5 The Puzzle of Local Democratization in India
19(3)
1.6 Overview of the Book
22(3)
2 The Strategic Logic of Local Democratization
25(33)
2.1 Local Democratization as a Solution to an Information Problem
26(19)
2.2 Other Decision-Makers beyond the Chief Executive
45(2)
2.3 Factors Shaping the Competition within the Party
47(2)
2.4 Additional Implications of the Theory
49(4)
2.5 Conclusion and Scope Conditions
53(1)
2.6 Appendix
54(4)
3 Local Intermediaries, Local Democratization, and Political Party Organizations in India
58(25)
3.1 A Primer on the Indian Political Context
59(1)
3.2 The Importance of Local Intermediaries in India
60(8)
3.3 Governmental and Organizational Power within Indian Parties
68(7)
3.4 Governmental Discretion over State Resources
75(3)
3.5 State's Discretion in the Implementation of Local Democratization
78(3)
3.6 Conclusion
81(2)
4 "Constitutionalizing" Local Democracy: Explaining the 1993 National Constitutional Amendments
83(38)
4.1 Background to the 1993 Constitutional Amendments
85(2)
4.2 Explaining the 1993 Constitutional Amendments: A Comparative Approach
87(17)
4.3 Explaining the 1993 Constitutional Amendments: The Logic of Process Tracing
104(11)
4.4 Alternative Explanations
115(5)
4.5 Conclusion
120(1)
5 Intra-party Competition and Local Democracy in the Indian States: A Statistical Analysis
121(42)
5.1 Definition and Operationalization
123(8)
5.2 Evidence
131(25)
5.3 Conclusion
156(7)
6 Intra-party Competition and Local Governance Reform in Kerala and Tamil Nadu
163(25)
6.1 Explaining Variation across Cases
165(3)
6.1 Within-Case Analyses
168(19)
6.3 Conclusion
187(1)
7 Local Politicians as Intermediaries: The Effect of Village-Level Politicians on State-Level Elections
188(25)
7.1 Local Politicians as Vote Mobilizers for Higher-Level Politicians
190(2)
7.2 Grassroots Institutions in Kerala
192(4)
7.3 Data
196(3)
7.4 Methodology
199(1)
7.5 Results
200(7)
7.6 Alternative Explanations
207(2)
7.7 Conclusion
209(1)
7.8 Appendix
209(4)
8 The Logic of Local Democratization across the Developing World
213(31)
8.1 Intra-party Competition and Local Democratization Reforms
214(18)
8.2 Local Democratization Reforms in Authoritarian Regimes
232(11)
8.3 Conclusion
243(1)
9 Implications of "Democratization from Above"
244(5)
9.1 Democracy, Decentralization, and Path-Dependence -- The Conventional Wisdom
245(2)
9.2 Policy Implications
247(2)
10 Data Appendix: Dataset on Local Democratization Reforms in the Developing World
249(8)
Bibliography 257(22)
Index 279
Anjali Thomas Bohlken is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of British Columbia. She received her Ph.D. from New York University in 2010. Bohlken specializes in comparative politics and political economy with an emphasis on India.