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E-grāmata: Designing Computer-Based Learning Materials

(University of Pannonia, Hungary)
  • Formāts: 214 pages
  • Sērija : Routledge Revivals
  • Izdošanas datums: 26-Oct-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780429815737
  • Formāts - PDF+DRM
  • Cena: 41,32 €*
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  • Formāts: 214 pages
  • Sērija : Routledge Revivals
  • Izdošanas datums: 26-Oct-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780429815737

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First published in 2001, this volume demonstrates how computer-based learning has the potential to provide a highly motivating learning experience, that it also has the potential to achieve exactly the opposite, and that the difference between these two extremes is the quality of the learning design.

The challenge for the learning designer isnt a simple one. You are being asked to prepare interactive learning for someone you cant see and with whom the only interaction you are likely to have is via limited written communication. Fortunately help is at hand in Alan Clarkes Designing Computer-Based Learning Materials.

Dr. Clarke offers a definitive guide to each of the many elements involved in good design. This book explores the principles of adult learning, and relates to the potential, features and impact of computer-based learning.

This is not a how to book, but rather one seeking to help you understand the different elements which go into computer-based learning. If you are commissioning material, it will help you to understand the contractors constraints. If you are designing materials yourself, it will allow you to avoid many of the errors it is all too easy to make when developing them.

Computer-based learning materials are not all the same: their range reflects the variety of learners that use them and purposes they are used for; the different learning environments that are available to people; the different subjects that they wish to learn and the level to which they wish to take them.

In the face of such a complex task, involving so many factors and variables, it is essential that the learning designer understands what is involved and uses a rigorous process for envisioning, planning, designing, implementing and testing their solution. This is a book about learning design and not about software production and, as such, it provides any aspiring designers with the fundamentals of producing the highly motivating learning experience, which should be their objective.

Recenzijas

'I also think that some of the chapters (especially those on Use of text, Use of colour, Use of graphics, and Screen layout) should be compulsory reading for website designers. Altogether, this book is an important contribution to the creation of good, effective learning material.' Educa, 'Lays out in an unpretentious and easily accessible way, some clear guidelines on developing e-learning materials ... I would urge anyone contemplating developing e-learning resources not to do anything before they read this book. The cost will be repaid many times in the time that will be saved and in the quality of any products which result.' Progress: The NEBS Management Magazine, Alan Clarke is offering general principles - and his advice is sound. His advice on the presentation of text-based learning materials is very good. Anyone following his advice will produce attractive pages. This book covers the whole of the design process - from conception to testing and evaluation. There are plenty of suggestions for scripts, templates, and storyboards, as well as tips for estimating the cost-effectiveness of what you produce. As a manual, it provides comprehensive guidance for any serious designer - or any department which is under orders to produce online learning materials. www.mantex.co.uk Its a well written and easy to read account of all the different areas involved in the conception, design and production of interactive multimedia learning materials and experiences. Training Zone 'It contains a wealth of good advice grounded in Dr Clarke's extensive experience and practical research.' British Journal of Educational Technology

List of figures xi
List of tables xv
Introduction xvii
1 Interaction and learning 1(20)
Computer-based learning
1(1)
Characteristics of the learners
2(1)
Adult learning
3(1)
What is interaction?
3(2)
Degrees of interaction
5(6)
Feedback
11(2)
Questions
13(1)
Navigation
14(2)
Human-human interaction
16(1)
Summary of key points
17(4)
2 Communication styles 21(18)
Communication aids within computer-based learning materials
21(1)
Comparison of computer-based learning and traditional approaches
22(1)
Learner, subject and environment
23(2)
Communication styles
25(1)
Commands
25(2)
Menus
27(2)
Question and answer
29(2)
Form fill
31(2)
Direct manipulation
33(1)
Natural language
33(2)
Summary of communication styles
35(1)
Metaphor
36(1)
Summary of key points
37(2)
3 Types of computer-based learning material 39(22)
Types of material
39(2)
Computer-based training (CBT)
41(1)
Computer-managed learning (CML) or managed learning environments (MLE)
42(2)
Integrated learning systems (ILS)
44(1)
Intelligent tutoring systems (ITS)
44(1)
Job aids or electronic performance support systems (EPSS)
45(1)
Computer-aided assessment (CAA)
45(1)
Drill and practice
46(3)
Virtual reality
49(1)
Multimedia
50(1)
Hypermedia
51(2)
Online learning
53(2)
Resource-based learning
55(1)
Simulation
56(1)
Summary of key points
57(4)
4 Assessment methods 61(18)
Approaches to assessment
61(1)
Assessment and other activities
62(2)
Pre- and post-tests
64(2)
Adaptive testing
66(1)
Feedback
67(1)
Multiple choice questions
68(2)
True/false questions
70(1)
Open questions
71(1)
Sequencing, sorting, classifying, ranking or ordering information
72(1)
Matching
73(1)
Gap or blank filling
73(1)
Virtual trip or exploration
74(1)
Role play using multimedia
75(1)
Models and expert systems
75(1)
Drag and drop
75(1)
Bank of questions
76(1)
Other approaches
76(1)
Maintenance
77(1)
Summary of key points
78(1)
5 Use of text 79(16)
Presentation of text
79(2)
Communication approach
81(2)
Scrolling
83(1)
Justification of text
84(1)
Text styles
85(1)
Newspaper techniques
86(2)
Text and graphics
88(1)
Structured text
89(1)
Text and colour
90(1)
Highlighting
91(1)
Summaries, reviews, overviews and reminders
92(1)
Summary of key points
93(2)
6 Use of colour 95(10)
What is colour?
95(1)
How can colour enhance the design of learning materials?
96(1)
Systematic versus random use of colour
97(1)
Highlighting
98(1)
Number of colours
99(1)
Coloured text
100(1)
Colour preferences
100(1)
Colour combinations
101(1)
Colour and graphics
102(1)
Summary of key points
103(2)
7 Use of graphics 105(18)
How can illustrations aid learning and retention?
105(1)
Types of illustration
106(1)
Representational/realistic illustrations
106(3)
Analogical illustrations
109(1)
Logical illustrations
110(2)
Structural or graphical organizers
112(1)
Multiple illustrations
113(2)
Icons and buttons
115(2)
Captions
117(1)
Lines, borders and frames
117(2)
Summary of key points
119(4)
8 Multimedia 123(14)
Multimedia and learning
123(1)
Hypermedia
124(2)
Video
126(2)
Comparing still and moving pictures
128(1)
Sound
129(2)
Dynamic display
131(1)
Animation
131(2)
Combining different media
133(2)
Disabled learners
135(1)
Summary of key points
135(2)
9 Online learning design 137(18)
Online material and other forms of computer-based learning
137(2)
Comparing Internet, Intranet and standalone materials
139(1)
Structure of a website
140(1)
Metaphors
141(1)
Links
142(3)
Page length
145(2)
Page layout
147(2)
Lost in hyperspace
149(1)
Communication technologies
149(2)
Vicarious learning
151(1)
Summary of key points
152(3)
10 Screen layout 155(16)
Content of computer-based learning materials
155(1)
Screen elements
156(2)
Metaphors
158(1)
Positioning of information
159(1)
Balance of the display
160(1)
Grouping of information
161(1)
Perception
162(1)
Complexity
163(1)
Coding
164(1)
Windows
164(3)
Templates/style guides
167(2)
Summary of key points
169(2)
11 Content 171(14)
Scripting
172(1)
Storyboarding
173(1)
Methods of collecting information
174(4)
Learning styles and strategies
178(1)
Tutors and trainers
178(1)
Design team
179(1)
Chunking
179(1)
Illustrations
179(1)
Copyright
180(1)
Proof reading
180(1)
Summary of key points
181(4)
12 Evaluation 185(10)
What is evaluation?
185(1)
Methods
186(5)
Checklists
191(1)
Representative samples
192(1)
Cost effectiveness
193(1)
Summary of key points
194(1)
Index 195
Alan Clarke has twenty years experience in the development and application of computer-based learning. He has written extensively on the subject and is currently working for NIACE on the application of ICT to learning. He has previously been employed by the National Council for Educational Technology and the Department for Education and Employment.