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Diagnostic Cytopathology of the Breast [Hardback]

  • Formāts: Hardback, 288 pages, height x width: 248x191 mm, weight: 1340 g, 450 ills.
  • Izdošanas datums: 27-Aug-1999
  • Izdevniecība: Churchill Livingstone
  • ISBN-10: 0443052042
  • ISBN-13: 9780443052040
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Formāts: Hardback, 288 pages, height x width: 248x191 mm, weight: 1340 g, 450 ills.
  • Izdošanas datums: 27-Aug-1999
  • Izdevniecība: Churchill Livingstone
  • ISBN-10: 0443052042
  • ISBN-13: 9780443052040
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Fine needle aspiration is one of the pronciple diagnostic tools used in taking cells from possible malignant lesions in the breast. These cells are then subjected to cytological analysis and , depending on the result, the surgical/radiotherapy treatments can be planned. The technique can present problems in three regards. Firstly, in taking a sample from the right place; secondly, in making sure enough cells have been taken for diagnosis and thirdly, in making the correct diagnosis.
This book illustrates the radiological, cytological and histological appearance of the various lesions encountered in diseases of the breast. It will be a practical guide to the interpretation and diagnosis of cytopathological specimens of the breast.
Preface ix
Acknowledgements xi
The value of fine needle aspiration
1(10)
Introduction
1(1)
History
2(1)
Advantages and disadvantages
3(4)
Diagnostic limitations
7(1)
Research
7(4)
Character of the lesion
11(8)
Discrete lesions
12(2)
Diffuse thickening
14(1)
Mammographic abnormalities
15(4)
Taking the aspirate
19(14)
Environment
19(1)
Examining technique
20(1)
Technique of aspiration
20(3)
Imaging techniques
23(4)
Accuracy
27(2)
Naked eye appearance of the smear
29(1)
Nipple discharge
30(1)
Nipple scrapings
30(3)
Preparation
33(6)
Direct smear
34(1)
Cytospin preparation
35(1)
Cell blocks
36(1)
Transportation
37(2)
Staining
39(8)
Fixatives
40(1)
May--Grunwald Giemsa
40(1)
Diff-Quick™
41(1)
Papanicolaou
41(1)
Haematoxylin and eosin
42(1)
Toluidine blue
43(1)
Immunocytochemistry
43(1)
Molecular biology
43(1)
Appendix
44(3)
Artefacts
47(6)
Extraneous material
47(1)
Ultrasound gel
48(1)
Stain deposit
48(1)
Crush artefact
48(1)
Bloodstaining
49(1)
Poor air drying
50(1)
Poor fixation
50(1)
Overstaining and understaining
50(1)
Contamination by cells from other specimens
51(2)
Diagnostic limitations
53(8)
Sampling problems leading to false-negative diagnoses
55(1)
Sampling problems leading to false-positive diagnoses
56(2)
Interpretive problems leading to false-negative diagnoses
58(1)
Interpretive problems leading to false-positive diagnoses
58(3)
Complications
61(4)
Pain
61(1)
Haematoma formation
62(1)
Pneumothorax
62(1)
Fainting
62(1)
Other complications
63(2)
Reporting categories
65(14)
Inadequate
66(1)
Benign
67(3)
Atypia probably benign
70(2)
Suspicious of malignancy
72(1)
Malignant
73(3)
Calcification
76(3)
The normal breast
79(10)
Prepubertal and involutionary appearances
80(1)
Hormonal changes
81(4)
Intramammary nodes
85(1)
Columnar cell alteration of lobules (Blunt duct adenosis)
86(3)
Cytology of the male breast
89(6)
Gynaecomastia
89(2)
Carcinoma
91(4)
Fibrocystic change of the breast
95(8)
Fibrocystic change
95(4)
Juvenile papillomatosis
99(1)
Apocrine adenosis
100(3)
Miscellaneous non-neoplastic conditions
103(12)
Breast abscess
103(2)
Fat necrosis
105(2)
Duct ectasia
107(2)
Granulomatous mastitis
109(2)
Foreign body granuloma
111(2)
Amyloid
113(2)
Fibroadenoma and related lesions
115(14)
Fibroadenomatoid hyperplasia
116(1)
Fibroadenoma
116(6)
Juvenile fibroadenoma
122(2)
Tubular adenoma
124(1)
Lactating adenoma (lactating nodule)
124(1)
Hamartoma
125(4)
Sclerosing lesions
129(8)
Sclerosing adenosis
129(2)
Nodular sclerosing adenosis, adenosis tumour
131(1)
Microglandular adenosis
132(1)
Radial scar, complex sclerosing lesions
132(5)
Papilloma and related lesions
137(6)
Solitary papilloma
137(2)
Multiple papillomas
139(1)
Adenoma of the nipple
140(1)
Ductal adenoma
141(2)
Epithelial hyperplasia
143(8)
Regular hyperplasia
143(2)
Collagenous spherulosis
145(1)
Atypical hyperplasia
146(5)
Salivary-type tumours
151(6)
Pleomorphic adenoma
151(1)
Adenomyoepithelioma
152(2)
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
154(1)
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
155(2)
Carcinoma in situ
157(16)
Ductal carcinoma in situ
158(10)
High grade
158(4)
Intermediate grade
162(2)
Low grade
164(4)
Lobular carcinoma in situ
168(5)
Invasive carcinoma
173(20)
Invasive `ductal' carcinoma (NST)
174(3)
Special types
177(10)
Invasive lobular carcinoma
187(6)
Uncommon types of invasive carcinoma
193(12)
Squamous carcinoma
193(1)
Invasive cribriform carcinoma
194(1)
Invasive papillary carcinoma
195(1)
Metaplastic carcinoma
196(1)
Signet ring carcinoma
197(1)
Lipid-rich carcinoma
198(1)
Secretory carcinoma
198(1)
Neuroendocrine carcinoma
199(2)
Carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells
201(1)
Apocrine carcinoma
202(3)
Prognostic features and research
205(10)
Cytological grading of breast carcinoma
205(3)
Dr Grace T McKee
Tumour type
208(1)
Invasion
208(1)
Receptors and biological markers
209(3)
Ploidy
212(1)
Molecular biology
212(1)
Image analysis
212(1)
Node aspiration
212(3)
Cytology of the irradiated breast
215(6)
Stromal lesions
221(10)
Benign
221(5)
Phyllodes tumours
221(2)
Fibromatosis
223(1)
Nodular fasciitis
224(1)
Lipoma
224(1)
Spindle cell lipoma
225(1)
Schwannoma
225(1)
Neurofibroma
225(1)
Granular cell tumour
225(1)
Malignant
226(5)
Haemangiosarcoma/lymphangiosarcoma
226(1)
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
227(1)
Liposarcoma
227(1)
Leiomyosarcoma
228(1)
Primary osteogenic sarcoma
228(1)
Stromal sarcoma
228(1)
Haemangiopericytoma
229(1)
Rhabdomyosarcoma
229(2)
Metastatic tumours
231(10)
Carcinoma
231(3)
Lymphoma
234(2)
Melanoma
236(1)
Blastic tumours
237(1)
Germ cell tumours
238(1)
Sarcoma
238(3)
Audit of statistical data and quality assurance
241(12)
Definitions
243(3)
Interpretation of results
246(1)
Analysis of results in the literature
247(2)
Results from the UK breast-screening programme
249(4)
Index 253